Download or read book Development of New Catalysts for Water Reduction Water Oxidation and Hydrogen Release from Formic Acid written by Felix Gärtner and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 125 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Testing Novel Water Oxidation Catalysts for Solar Fuels Production written by Carminna Ottone and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-02-28 with total page 117 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers comprehensive information on the main techniques for measuring water-oxidation-catalyst (WOC) performance, with a particular focus on the combined use of sacrificial oxidants and dyes within closed-batch reactors. It provides an overview of the latest advances in the synthesis of more efficient WOCs, followed by an analysis of the requirements for sustainable energy production. Readers will find a detailed description of the reaction mechanism used in catalyst assessment systems, which reveals the benefits and limitations of the most common sacrificial oxidant/dye pair. Experimental techniques including electrochemical methods for characterizing novel and non-photoactive WOCs are also described. Throughout the book, various manganese oxides are used as examples of the techniques reviewed or proposed systems. Cost considerations and technological perspectives of the scale-up of solar-driven hydrogen production are also addressed. Lastly, the book presents lessons learned from the implementation of a large-scale real-world device.
Download or read book Advanced Catalysis in Hydrogen Production from Formic Acid and Methanol written by Dmitri A. Bulushev and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-06-18 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Special Issue is related to studies of the hydrogen production from formic acid decomposition. It is based on five research papers and two reviews. The reviews discuss the liquid phase formic acid decomposition over bimetallic (PdAg), molecular (Ru, Ir, Fe, Co), and heterogenized molecular catalysts. The gas-phase reaction is studied over highly dispersed Pd, Pt, Au, Cu, and Ni supported catalysts. It is shown that the nature of the catalyst’s support plays an important role for the reaction. Thus, N-doping of the carbon support provides a significant promotional effect. One of the reasons for the high activity of the N-doped catalysts is the formation of single-atom active sites stabilized by pyridinic N species present in the support. It is demonstrated that carbon materials can be N-doped in different ways. It can be performed either directly from N-containing compounds during the carbon synthesis or by a post-synthetic deposition of N-containing compounds on the carbon support with known properties. The Issue could be useful for specialists in catalysis and nanomaterials as well as for graduate students studying chemistry and chemical engineering. The reported results can be applied for development of catalysts for the hydrogen production from different liquid organic hydrogen carriers.
Download or read book Electrocatalytic Water Splitting to Produce Fuel Hydrogen written by Hao Yuan and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Oxygen or Hydrogen Evolution Catalysts for Water Electrolysis written by H. Xu and published by The Electrochemical Society. This book was released on 2015-07-29 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book PEM Electrolysis for Hydrogen Production written by Dmitri Bessarabov and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-02-03 with total page 401 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An ever-increasing dependence on green energy has brought on a renewed interest in polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) electrolysis as a viable solution for hydrogen production. While alkaline water electrolyzers have been used in the production of hydrogen for many years, there are certain advantages associated with PEM electrolysis and its relevan
Download or read book CO2 Hydrogenation Catalysis written by Yuichiro Himeda and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-06-28 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A guide to the effective catalysts and latest advances in CO2 conversion in chemicals and fuels Carbon dioxide hydrogenation is one of the most promising and economic techniques to utilize CO2 emissions to produce value-added chemicals. With contributions from an international team of experts on the topic, CO2 Hydrogenation Catalysis offers a comprehensive review of the most recent developments in the catalytic hydrogenation of carbon dioxide to formic acid/formate, methanol, methane, and C2+ products. The book explores the electroreduction of carbon dioxide and contains an overview on hydrogen production from formic acid and methanol. With a practical review of the advances and challenges in future CO2 hydrogenation research, the book provides an important guide for researchers in academia and industry working in the field of catalysis, organometallic chemistry, green and sustainable chemistry, as well as energy conversion and storage. This important book: Offers a unique review of effective catalysts and the latest advances in CO2 conversion Explores how to utilize CO2 emissions to produce value-added chemicals and fuels such as methanol, olefins, gasoline, aromatics Includes the latest research in homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis as well as electrocatalysis Highlights advances and challenges for future investigation Written for chemists, catalytic chemists, electrochemists, chemists in industry, and chemical engineers, CO2 Hydrogenation Catalysis offers a comprehensive resource to understanding how CO2 emissions can create value-added chemicals.
Download or read book New and Future Developments in Catalysis written by Jason M. Thornton and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-07-19 with total page 49 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Mechanistic Studies of Water Oxidation and Carbon Dioxide Reduction Using Transition Metal Catalysts with Protic Ligands written by Dalton Bodine Burks and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The majority of energy produced in the world is derived from fossil fuels which are finite and have deleterious environmental effects. For a sustainable and environmentally-friendly energy future, alternative, renewable energy sources are desired. Two reactions that could have applications towards developing renewable energy sources are water oxidation to produce hydrogen and carbon dioxide reduction to form various products (e.g. formic acid or carbon monoxide); however, these reactions require catalysts to efficiently produce the desired products. Efforts to synthesize, characterize, and study catalysts for these reactions are discussed in this dissertation. The first chapter serves as an introduction to energy-related catalytic reactions. In Chapter 2, 6,6ʹ-dihydroxybipyridine (6,6ʹ-dhbp)-a protic ligand used with several metals to produce catalysts for energy-related reactions-is studied to determine its thermodynamic acidity. In the following chapter, 6,6ʹ-dhbp is used as a ligand with copper to form complexes that are water oxidation catalysts. Chapters 4 and 5 focus on iridium and ruthenium complexes containing new bidentate ligands composed of pyridinol and N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs). These complexes, along with an iridium complex of 6,6ʹ-dhbp, were used as catalysts for the hydrogenation of carbon dioxide to formate and the reverse dehydrogenation of formic acid to carbon dioxide and hydrogen. However, the complexes containing the new bidentate pyridinol-NHC ligands were found to be precatalysts as they undergo transformations and decomposition during the course of the reaction. A nickel-pincer complex with a protic CNC-pincer derived of pyridinol and NHCs was used as a photocatalyst for carbon dioxide reduction in Chapter 6. The protic state of the hydroxy group in the 4-position of the pyridine ring was determined to be important for catalysis, as the deprotonated hydroxy group results in 10 times the catalytic ability as the protonated form. In the penultimate chapter, ruthenium-pincer complexes that are active carbon dioxide photoreduction catalysts are studied mechanistically by UV/vis and IR spectroscopies. The most active catalyst was studied in greater detail with real-time IR spectroscopy to help elucidate potential reaction pathways. The final chapter serves as a conclusion to summarize the results discussed in the dissertation.
Download or read book Nanoparticles in Catalysis written by Karine Philippot and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-06-28 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nanoparticles in Catalysis Discover an essential overview of recent advances and trends in nanoparticle catalysis Catalysis in the presence of metal nanoparticles is an important and rapidly developing research field at the frontier of homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis. In Nanoparticles in Catalysis, accomplished chemists and authors Karine Philippot and Alain Roucoux deliver a comprehensive guide to the key aspects of nanoparticle catalysis, ranging from synthesis, activation methodology, characterization, and theoretical modeling, to application in important catalytic reactions, like hydrogen production and biomass conversion. The book offers readers a review of modern and efficient tools for the synthesis of nanoparticles in solution or onto supports. It emphasizes the application of metal nanoparticles in important catalytic reactions and includes chapters on activation methodology and supported nanoclusters. Written by an international team of leading voices in the field, Nanoparticles in Catalysis is an indispensable resource for researchers and professionals in academia and industry alike. Readers will also benefit from the inclusion of: A thorough introduction to New Trends in the Design of Metal Nanoparticles and Derived Nanomaterials for Catalysis An exploration of Dynamic Catalysis and the Interface Between Molecular and Heterogeneous Catalysts A practical discussion of Metal Nanoparticles in Water: A Relevant Toolbox for Green Catalysis Organometallic Metal Nanoparticles for Catalysis A concise treatment of the opportunities and challenges of CO2 Hydrogenation to Oxygenated Chemicals Over Supported Nanoparticle Catalysts Perfect for catalytic, organic, inorganic, and physical chemists, Nanoparticles in Catalysis will also earn a place in the libraries of chemists working with organometallics and materials scientists seeking a one-stop resource with expert knowledge on the synthesis and characterization of nanoparticle catalysis.
Download or read book Molecular Mechanisms of Photosynthesis written by Robert E. Blankenship and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-05-05 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the clear writing and accessible approach that have made it the authoritative introduction to the field of molecular photosynthesis, this fully revised and updated edition now offers students and researchers cutting-edge topical coverage of bioenergy applications and artificial photosynthesis; advances in biochemical and genetic methods; as well as new analytical techniques. Chapters cover the origins and evolution of photosynthesis; carbon metabolism; photosynthetic organisms and organelles; and the basic principles of photosynthetic energy storage. The book's website includes downloadable PowerPoint slides.
Download or read book Water Oxidation Catalysts written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2019-06-22 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Water Oxidation Catalysts, Volume 74, the latest release in the Advances in Inorganic Chemistry series, presents timely and informative summaries on current progress in a variety of subject areas. This acclaimed serial features reviews written by experts in the field, serving as an indispensable reference to advanced researchers. Users will find this to be a comprehensive overview of recent findings and trends from the last decade that covers various kinds of inorganic topics, ranging from theoretical oriented supramolecular chemistry, to the quest for accurate calculations of spin states in transition metals. Provides the authority and expertise of leading contributors from an international board of authors Presents the latest release in the Advances in Inorganic Chemistry series Includes the latest information on water oxidation catalysts
Download or read book Platinum Monolayer Electrocatalysts written by Radoslav Adzic and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-08-11 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes a science and technology of a new type of electrocatalysts consisting of a single atomic layer of platinum on suitable supports. This development helped overcome three major obstacles—catalysts‘ cost, activity, and stability—for a broad range of fuel cell applications. The volume begins with a short introduction to the science of electrocatalysis, covering four reactions important for energy conversion in fuel cells. A description follows of the properties of metal monolayers on electrode surfaces, and underpotential deposition of metals. The authors then describe the concept of Pt monolayer electrocatalysts and its implications and their synthesis by galvanic displacement of less-noble metal monolayers and other methods. The main part of the book presents a discussion of catalysts’ characterization and catalytic properties of Pt monolayers for the four main reactions of electrochemical energy conversion: oxygen reduction and oxidation of hydrogen, methanol and ethanol. The book concludes with a treatment of scale-up syntheses, fuel cell tests, catalysts’ stability and application prospects.
Download or read book Development of Heterogeneous Catalysts for Hydrogen Production from Biomass Derived Formic Acid written by Monika Maria Zacharska and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Development of Molecular Transition metal Catalysts for the Reverse Water gas Shift Reaction and the Selective Transformation of Carbon Dioxide and Hydrogen to Formic Acid Esters and Methanol written by Niklas Franz Westhues and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Water Oxidation Catalysts with Heteroatom Pendant Bases and Instrumentation for Quantifying Oxygen written by Aaron Gabriel Nash and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Avid consumption of fossil fuels by humans has led to record high levels of the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide (CO2). An energy storage medium to replace dwindling and finite fossil fuel supplies must be found. Hydrogen gas (H2) is an attractive alternative to hydrocarbon fuels but presently natural gas is the primary feedstock for H2 production globally. Therefore, an alternative process for hydrogen production must be developed. Photoelectrochemical electrolysis of water (H2O) presents a promising method for the clean generation of H2. The oxidation of water to oxygen (O2), four protons (H+), and four electrons (e-) must precede the reduction of H+ to H2 and is the more demanding reaction both kinetically and thermodynamically. Transition metal catalysis can realize this challenging transformation. Careful choice of metal and ligand design can facilitate each stage of the oxidation of water; in particular, the management of H+ during catalysis can help improve both the speed and the durability of the catalyst. This dissertation describes the synthesis, characterization, and water oxidation activity of two new water oxidation catalysts featuring heteroatom H+ relays and the development of instrumentation to better quantify the O2 produced during H2O oxidation. Chapter 2 describes the incorporation of phosphonate monoester and sulfonate and pendant bases into the first coordination sphere of the well-studied water oxidation platform [(2,2';6',2"- terpyridine)(2,2'-bipyridine)Ru(OH2)]2+. The complexes were characterized by combustion analysis, NMR spectroscopy, and x-ray crystallography. The catalytic performance of the complexes was evaluated for water oxidation catalysis using ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN) as a sacrificial oxidant via manometry and by square wave and cyclic voltammetry in a buffered aqueous milieu. The phosphonate monoester was found to perform poorly under chemical oxidation conditions but did show electrocatalytic behavior by cyclic voltammetry. The sulfonate system performed very well with CAN as the oxidant demonstrating a turnover frequency of 0.88 s-1 and turnover number of 7402. The sulfonate system also demonstrated electrocatalytic behavior suggesting homogenous electrocatalysis is maintained. Pourbaix analysis and a computational study suggest the intermediacy of a unprecedented ruthenium (III) oxyl, with the sulfonate acting as a pendant base late in the catalytic cycle. Chapter 3 describes the development of two pieces of instrumentation for the detection of oxygen produced by our water oxidation catalysts. The first instrument is a dual manometry/optical oxygen sensing cell which was constructed for evaluating catalyst performance. Problems with the fluorescent oxygen sensor including drift and sensitivity to humidity led us to focus on pressure as the primary indication of oxygen production. The cell is a robust and easy to use system that provides excellent repeatability and reliability, with
Download or read book Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution written by Misook Kang and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-06-17 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Energy crises and global warming pose serious challenges to researchers in their attempt to develop a sustainable society for the future. Solar energy conversion is a remarkable, clean, and sustainable way to nullify the effects of fossil fuels. The findings of photocatalytic hydrogen production (PCHP) by Fujishima and Honda propose that “water will be the coal for the future”. Hydrogen is a carbon-free clean fuel with a high specific energy of combustion. Titanium oxide (TiO2), graphitic-carbon nitride (g-C3N4) and cadmium sulfide (CdS) are three pillars of water splitting photocatalysts owing to their superior electronic and optical properties. Tremendous research efforts have been made in recent years to fabricate visible or solar-light, active photocatalysts. The significant features of various oxide, sulfide, and carbon based photocatalysts for cost-effective hydrogen production are presented in this Special Issue. The insights of sacrificial agents on the hydrogen production efficiency of catalysts are also presented in this issue.
