Download or read book Development of Microscopy Ambient Ionization Top down Mass Spectrometry written by Cheng-Chih Hsu and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 155 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is an immense cellular and molecular heterogeneity in biological system. For example, during the embryonic development, the progenitor cells could differentiate into varieties type of cell due to the gradient of chemical stimulus. Once the cell fate is determined, the metabolomics and proteomic features of the cell will subsequently alter. Knowing the details of the molecular interplays between cellular and chemical heterogeneities is crucial in the understanding of the complex biological system. Mass spectrometry, provides a way of label-free strategy to obtain the chemical information. In the recent decades, considerable amounts of new ionization methods were developed for the use of mass spectrometric analysis on biological system. Among those methods, those so-called "soft ionization" techniques, such as matrix-assisted laser desorption (MALDI) and electrospray ionization (ESI), have been greatly utilized for biomedical studies. However, some technical limitations currently hinder the application to the more general biology society. First, the spatial mass spectrometric measurement is solely based on passive imaging processes. In this regard, a real-time chemical investigation guided by the histological measurement, e.g. optical microscopy, is difficult. Second, high sensitive instruments that allow detection of full molecular weight range, e.g. covering small metabolites, lipids, and proteins, are rare and hardly used for imaging. Third, ionization methods for surface analysis are challenging for soft biological samples, e.g. bacterial colonies, at their native states. My thesis work is the development of mass spectrometry-based tools that are less limited by the abovementioned aspects and to extend the potential use of mass spectrometry. In Chapter 1, I will briefly review the current progress of the development on ambient ionization techniques as well as the emergence of their applications to biological system. Chapter 2 describes how I interfaced an inverted fluorescence microscope with an ambient ionization source (nanoDESI) so that the molecular information was obtained via the guidance of microscope directly on glass slides. Endogenous molecules as large as hemoglobin could be characterized without immunostaining. This is for the first time that proteins on ex vivo tissue sections could be identified using ambient mass spectrometry. Using this platform we found unique molecular patterns that only express at certain embryonic stages. In Chapter 3 a new ways of microbial metabolomics are introduced using a different surface flow-probe. Chapter 4 we further applied the microscope-mass spectrometry interface to study bats with white-nose syndrome. Key molecules that may be causal to the devastating disease are found. Lastly, Chapter 5 put forth a future direction how tools described in the thesis can be extended to cancer pathology.

Download or read book Ambient Ionization Mass Spectrometry written by Marek Domin and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2014-11-14 with total page 529 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ambient ionization has emerged as one of the hottest and fastest growing topics in mass spectrometry enabling sample analysis with minimal sample preparation. Introducing the subject and explaining the basic concepts and terminology, this book will provide a comprehensive, unique treatise devoted to the subject. Written by acknowledged experts, there are full descriptions on how new ionization techniques work, with an overview of their strengths, weaknesses and applications. This title will bring the reader right up to date, with both applications and theory, and will be suitable as a tutorial text for those starting in the field from a variety of disciplines.

Download or read book Ambient Ionization Mass Spectrometry in Life Sciences written by Kei Zaitsu and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2019-11-06 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ambient Ionization Mass Spectrometry in Life Sciences: Principles and Applications is a systematic introduction to this rapidly expanding area of study. Underlying principles of each technique are explained in detail, along with discussions on their applications across life science disciplines. Ambient ionization has recently emerged as one of the hottest and fastest growing topics in mass spectrometry, hence this book is not just for analysts and researchers who use and study mass spectrometry. This volume would be of interest to anyone who works in or studies analytical chemistry, omics sciences (including metabolomics), pharmacokinetics, forensic science or drug analysis. Covers the most up-to-date techniques, including DART, DCBI, DESI, PESI, PSI, REIMS and laser-based ambient ionization Includes easy-to-understand pros and cons of each ionization technique to aid in decision-making Provides plentiful examples of life science applications

Download or read book Advanced Development of Ambient Ionization Mass Spectrometry Imaging Methods and Their Utilization Towards the Understanding of Metabolic Diseases written by Clara Leigh Feider and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ambient ionization mass spectrometry (MS) technologies offer a unique opportunity to bring the specificity and sensitivity of MS into clinics, potentially allowing rapid analyses of biospecimens without need for sample preparation or highly trained personnel. As these technologies offer significant advantages over current technologies in terms of speed and suitability for a hospital environment, ambient ionization methods have been applied to a wide variety of clinical applications such as disease diagnosis, therapeutic drug monitoring, and biomarker discovery. Despite these successes, there remain challenges for these methods to overcome before they can be relied upon for routine analysis of patient samples. Prior to their use by physicians to inform decisions regarding patient care, ambient ionization MS technologies must be robust, versatile, and be shown to improve patient outcomes by providing information that is lacking in current standard of care procedures. This dissertation serves to outline recent advancements made towards the improvements of ambient ionization MS technologies as well as the application of these techniques towards disease indications that have yet to be explored. Chapter 2 provides data and discussion about how relative humidity can contribute to variability and poor data quality during desorption electrospray ionization (DESI) MS experiments, providing essential information about how atmospheric conditions can contribute to the robustness of the technique. Chapters 3 and 4 present methods for integration of new separation and fragmentation techniques with ambient ionization methods in order to increase the amount of information that can be gathered from a biological specimen. Finally, Chapter 5 presents results from the utilization of DESI-MS imaging towards understanding endometriosis, a chronic gynecological condition that has limited diagnosis and treatment options for patients. The entirety of this work aims to discuss how further improvements to ambient ionization MS technologies can make them useful for understanding a wider variety of disease processes and the progress that is being made to this end

Download or read book Ambient Mass Spectroscopy Techniques in Food and the Environment written by Leo M.L. Nollet and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-01-30 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ambient mass spectrometry—that is the use of mass spec but in the atmospheric environment—has been widely employed in food and environmental analysis. Ambient Mass Spectroscopy Techniques in Food and the Environment presents the theoretical underpinnings of mass spectrometry, and the benefits and pitfalls of ambient mass spectrometry, as well as the latest developments of the technique, in the analysis of food and environmental parameters. It describes methods that enable the detection of surface materials like waxes, alkaloids, flavors, or pesticides by plainly exposing the corresponding items to the ionization region of the interface, without harm to samples. Features: Explains the theoretical aspects of ambient mass spectrometry Describes how to use ambient MS techniques for food safety, authenticity, and traceability screening Lists the benefits of ambient MS in analysis of food and environmental parameters Covers recent developments of ambient MS in analysis of food and environmental parameters The specialized work provides insight to professionals practicing in food and the environment, including food scientists, food engineers, food biotechnologists, chemical engineers, and those working in research labs, universities, and government regulatory agencies.

Download or read book Development of Substrate based Ambient Ionization Techniques for Direct Sampling by Mass Spectrometry written by Sierra Jackson and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mass spectrometry (MS) has evolved into one of the most important methods for the characterization and detection of biological and chemical molecules. The development of soft ionization methods such as electrospray ionization (ESI) and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) have made these applications possible. However, the requirement for extensive sample preparation has limited analyses that require complex sampling. These limitations in the analysis process have led to the expansion of ambient ionization mass spectrometry. This dissertation describes the development and optimization of novel ambient ionization methods that rely on porous/cellulose-based substrates such as thread and paper. Chapter 2 depicts a thread spray ionization method with forensic serology applications. Thread spray ionization enables direct analysis of trace levels of blood on textiles without extensive sample preparation reducing backlog seen in many criminal laboratories. This dissertation describes the successful implementation of thread spray as a rapid presumptive method of blood-stained textiles through the identification of heme in whole blood. Thread spray ionization is also a suitable confirmatory method through the direct differentiation of human, canine, and horse blood by determining the species’ specific phospholipid lipid profiles. Chapter 3 outlines thread spray ionization as a rapid in situ method for detection of agrochemicals in complex matrices such as surface water and foodstuff. Determination of pesticide residues in a wide variety of matrices is an ongoing challenge due to small quantities of analytes and substantial amounts of interfering substances that can be coextracted with the analytes. In this chapter, we detail the use of a nano-thread spray mass spectrometry approach that utilizes a nano spray like emitter, as opposed to the traditional thread spray ionization apparatus, to enhance on-thread separation of agrochemicals and environmental matrices. This analysis was used for the detection of glyphosate (GLYP) and its metabolite, aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA), in surface water. Nano thread spray ionization was then used for the detection of the pesticides diphenylamine (DPA) and thiabendazole on the surface and cores of post-harvest dipped fruits. Chapter 4 describes the development and optimization of a 3-dimensional (3D) wax-printed microfluidic paper-based analytical device, μPAD, for multiplexed disease detection. The 3D wax-printed μPAD is designed for on-line sample splitting, reagent storage, and MS analysis via stacking different layers of two-dimensional (2D) wax-printed paper substrates together. Assembled devices’ transport efficiency were evaluated using Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA-FITC), where μPADs efficiently transported BSA-FITC through devices. We believe the proof-of-concept 3D wax-printed μPAD described in this chapter will be capable of direct multiplex analysis for paper-based immunoassay in resource-limited settings.

Download or read book Imaging Mass Spectrometry written by Mitsutoshi Setou and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-01-29 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Addressing the widespread need for a practical guide to imaging mass spectrometry (IMS), this book presents the protocols of IMS technology. As that technology expands, research groups around the world continue its development. Pharmaceutical companies are using IMS for drug analyses to study pharmacokinetics and medical properties of drugs. Drug research and disease-related biomarker screening are experiencing greater use of this technology, with a concurrent increase in the number of researchers in academia and industry interested in wider applications of IMS. Intended for beginners or those with limited experience with IMS technology, this book provides practical details and instructions needed for immediate know-how, including the preparation of animal tissue samples, the application of a matrix, instrumental operations, and data analysis, among others. By describing the foundations of IMS, this volume contributes to the ongoing development of the field and to progress in human health.

Download or read book Advancements in Ambient Ionization and MALDI Mass Spectrometry Imaging Methods and Their Application in Disease Diagnosis and Characterization written by Monica Lin and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Direct analysis using mass spectrometry (MS) techniques provide a powerful approach to investigate the molecular composition and spatial distribution of complex samples with high sensitivity and specificity. In particular, these techniques have been widely applied to achieve rapid molecular analysis of complex clinical samples including native tissue samples and biospecimens. Several types of direct analysis MS techniques have been developed for tissue analysis including a variety of ambient ionization MS techniques and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) MS. Notably, both approaches are highly capable of performing molecular imaging of endogenous metabolites, lipids, and proteins to characterize tissue samples. Furthermore, through applying ambient ionization and MALDI MS imaging techniques, new insights into disease state can be learned by investigating the correlation between spatially resolved molecular information with histological evaluation in tissue samples. Although several other types of direct analysis MS techniques have been developed, this dissertation focuses on advancements using solvent-based ambient ionization MS (e.g. desorption electrospray ionization (DESI)) and MALDI MS imaging methods for tissue analysis and disease characterization. In Chapter 2, a fundamental and systematic investigation of the affect of solvent properties on molecular extraction processes in solvent-based ambient ionization was performed. In Chapter 3, the performance of DESI MS imaging for the analysis and statistical classification of thyroid fine needle aspiration (FNA) biopsies using different solvents, sources, and high-performance MS systems was evaluated. Next, Chapter 4 describes the development of a sample preparation method for MALDI MS imaging to improve detection of various endogenous proteins by selectively reducing signal from hemoglobin proteins in blood-rich tissues. Lastly, in Chapter 5, various MALDI imaging MS methods were applied to characterize the protein and N-glycan molecular signatures in endometriosis tissues and provide new insights into possible mechanisms of endometriosis development and progression. Collectively, this dissertation provides insights into the fundamental aspects, method developments, and applications of direct analysis MS techniques including solvent-based ambient ionization MS and MALDI MS imaging for tissue analysis. Furthermore, this dissertation showcases the exciting and significant potential of direct analysis MS techniques to solve current challenges in the clinic and provide new insights in healthcare and medicine

Download or read book Photoionization and Photo Induced Processes in Mass Spectrometry written by Ralf Zimmermann and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-07-06 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides comprehensive coverage of laser-induced ionization processes for mass spectrometry analysis Drawing on the expertise of the leading academic and industrial research groups involved in the development of photoionization methods for mass spectrometry, this reference for analytical scientists covers both the theory and current applications of photo-induced ionization processes. It places widely used techniques such as MALDI side by side with more specialist approaches such as REMPI and RIMS, and discusses leading edge developments in ultrashort laser pulse desorption, to give readers a complete picture of the state of the technology. Photoionization and Photo-Induced Processes in Mass Spectrometry: Fundamentals and Applications starts with a complete overview of the fundamentals of the technique, covering the basics of the gas phase ionization as well as those of laser desorption and ablation, pulse photoionization, and single particle ionization. Numerous application examples from different analytical fields are described that showcase the power and the wide scope of photo ionization in mass spectrometry. -The first general reference book on photoionization techniques for mass spectrometry -Examines technologies and applications of gas phase resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization mass spectrometry (REMPI-MS) and gas phase resonance ionization mass spectrometry (RIMS) -Provides complete coverage of popular techniques like MALDI -Discusses the current and potential applications of each technology, focusing on process and environmental analysis Photoionization and Photo-Induced Processes in Mass Spectrometry: Fundamentals and Applications is an excellent book for spectroscopists, analytical chemists, photochemists, physical chemists, and laser specialists.

Download or read book Time Resolved Mass Spectrometry written by Pawel L. Urban and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-01-19 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Time is an important factor in physical and natural sciences. It characterizes the progress of chemical and biochemical processes. Mass spectrometry provides the means to study molecular structures by detecting gas-phase ions with the unique mass-to-charge ratios. Time-resolved mass spectrometry (TRMS) allows one to differentiate between chemical states that can be observed sequentially at different time points. Real-time mass spectrometric monitoring enables recording data continuously with a specified temporal resolution. The TRMS approaches – introduced during the past few decades – have shown temporal resolutions ranging from hours down to microseconds and beyond. This text covers the key aspects of TRMS. It introduces ion sources, mass analyzers, and interfaces utilized in time-resolved measurements; discusses the influence of data acquisition and treatment; finally, it reviews most prominent applications of TRMS – in the studies of reaction kinetics and mechanism, physicochemical phenomena, protein structure dynamics, biocatalysis, and metabolic profiling. It will assist science and engineering students to gain a basic understanding of the TRMS concept, and to recognize its usefulness. In addition, it may benefit scientists who conduct molecular studies in the areas of chemistry, physics and biology.

Download or read book Imaging Mass Spectrometry written by Laura M Cole and published by Humana. This book was released on 2024-07-07 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This second edition details new and updated chapters on key methodologies and breakthroughs in the mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) field. Chapters guide readers through nano-Desorption Electrospray Ionisation (nDESI), Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionisation-2 (MALDI-2), Laser Ablation - Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) ,Imaging Mass Cytometry (IMC) with a variety of diverse samples including eye tissue, crop analysis, 3D cell culture models, and counterfeit goods analysis. Written in the format of the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, each chapter includes an introduction to the topic, lists necessary materials and reagents, includes tips on troubleshooting and known pitfalls, and step-by-step, readily reproducible protocols. Authoritative and cutting-edge, Imaging Mass Spectrometry: Methods and Protocols, Second Edition aims to be a useful and practical guide to new researchersand experts looking to expand their knowledge.

Download or read book Miniaturization and Mass Spectrometry written by Severine le Gac and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2008-12-03 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The recent explosion in the use of analytical chemistry, particularly in the biological sciences, has led to a need for fast, reliable and highly sensitive tools able to handle small sample sizes. This book illustrates how microfluidics and lab-on-a-chip devices can satisfy the growing need for miniaturized and enhanced analysis. They lend themselves well to mass spectrometric detection as they use samples in the low microlitre range and are handled on a chip. Miniaturization and Mass Spectrometry focuses on one particular technique, mass spectrometry, whose popularity has increased dramatically in the last two decades with the increase in use of biological analysis and the development of two "soft" ionization techniques, ESI and MALDI. These enable the analysis of large but fragile biological molecules such as DNA, proteins and oligosaccharides. The book starts with an introduction to the coupling of microfluidics to mass spectrometry techniques. It then goes on demonstrate the advantages of such a coupling: the MS analysis benefits from improved sample preparation when performed on a chip while MS yields more information on the sample handled on the chip compared to conventional optical detection. A history on the developments in this field, starting from the off-chip coupling to the on-chip ionization, is also provided. Daniel Figeys, a pioneer in the development of microfluidic systems for MS analysis, describes the early beginnings of this hyphenated analysis technique. Solutions to couple microfluidic systems to the two most popular ionization methods, ESI and MALDI, are presented throughout the chapters. Various examples are given of the application of this microfluidics-MS hyphenated analysis technique to proteomics, metabolomics, organic chemistry and forensics. Coverage is not limited to academic research. The development of commercialized systems and their current use for routine biological analysis are also presented. Lastly, a future vision of the integration of the mass spectrometer on the chip is raised, as a last step to yield fully portable systems for on-site analysis.

Download or read book Development of Advanced Optics and High Resolution Instrumentation for Mass Spectrometry Based Proteomics written by Stacy D. Sherrod and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Imaging mass spectrometry (MS) analysis allows scientists the ability to obtain spatial and chemical information of analytes on a wide variety of surfaces. The ability to image biological analytes is an important tool in many areas of life science research, including: the ability to map pharmaceutical drugs in targeted tissue, to spatially determine the expression profile of specific proteins in healthy vs. diseased tissue states, and to rapidly interrogate biomolecular microarrays. However, there are several avenues for improving the imaging MS experiment for biological samples. Three significant directions this work addresses include: (1) reducing chemical noise and increasing analyte identification by developing sample preparation methodologies, (2) improving the analytical figures of merit (i.e., spatial resolution, analysis time) by implementing a spatially dynamic optical system, and (3) increasing both mass spectral resolution and ion detection sensitivity by modifying a commercial time-of-flight (TOF) MS. Firstly, sample methodology schemes presented in these studies consist of obtaining both?top-down? and?bottom-up? information. In that, both intact mass and peptide mass fingerprinting data can be obtained to increase protein identification. This sample methodology was optimized on protein microarrays in preparation for bio tissue analysis. Other work consists of optimizing novel sample preparation strategies for hydrated solid-supported lipid bilayer studies. Sample methods incorporating nanomaterials for laser desorption/ionization illustrate the ability to perform selective ionization of specific analytes. Specifically, our results suggest that silver nanoparticles facilitate the selective ionization of olefin containing species (e.g., steroids, vitamins). Secondly, an advanced optical design incorporating a spatially dynamic optical scheme allows for laser beam expansion, homogenization, collimation, shaping, and imaging. This spatially dynamic optical system allows user defined beam shapes, decreases analysis times associated with mechanical movement of the sample stage, and is capable of increasing the MS limits of detection by simultaneously irradiating multiple spots. Lastly, new data acquisition strategies (multiple anode detection schemes) were incorporated into a commercial time-of-flight mass spectrometer to increase both sensitivity and resolution in a matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometer. The utility of this technique can be applied to many different samples, where high mass spectral resolution allows for increased mass measurement accuracy.

Download or read book Development of High throughput Microscope Imaging Mass Spectrometry written by Robert J. Burleigh and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Molecular Characterization of Biological Samples by Ambient Ionization Mass Spectrometry to Advance Clinical Assessment of Human Disease written by Kyana Yvette Garza and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ambient ionization mass spectrometry (MS) approaches have revolutionized the way diagnostic molecular information can be obtained from biological and clinical samples, requiring minimal to no sample pretreatment, being operationally simple, and most importantly, providing near real time assessment of molecular information directly from biospecimens. Ambient ionization approaches have been widely applied to various clinical applications including screening of inborn errors of metabolism, therapeutic drug monitoring, and disease diagnosis and subtyping, with the goal of evaluating their use for addressing complex challenges in human health. Desorption electrospray ionization (DESI) MS is the most extensively used ambient ionization method for the investigation of molecular changes in tissue biospecimens, showing great potential for providing complimentary information to routine histopathology. Since its inception, a variety of other ambient ionization MS methods have been developed, with newer techniques, such as the MasSpec Pen, envisioned for the intraoperative analysis of in vivo and ex vivo tissue specimen during surgery. This dissertation describes the development and application of ambient ionization MS methods for the investigation of various human diseases. Chapter 2 provides discussion on the robustness of DESI-MS for breast cancer tissue section evaluation and receptor status determination in a multi-center study, providing evidence of its potential use to compliment routine histopathological assessment. Chapter 3 describes the optimization of DESI-MS to expand the molecular information obtained from a single tissue section, demonstrating for the first time the detection of proteins directly from tissue sections by DESI-MS. Chapters 4 and 5 discuss the clinical translation of the MasSpec Pen into an operating room for feasibility testing as well as the evaluation of the technology for improving intraoperative surgical margin evaluation during breast cancer surgeries. Lastly, Chapter 6 discusses the modification of the MasSpec Pen to better analyze clinical nasal swabs and its application toward screening of COVID-19 disease using lipid information

Download or read book Development of Ambient Mass Spectrometry for Protein peptide Characterization Solvent free Analysis and Electrochemical Reaction Monitoring written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book New Development of Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry written by Bin Hu and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 221 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: