Download or read book Development of Degradable Block Copolymers for Stereolithographic Printing Using Poly propylene Fumarate and Lactones written by Shannon Rae Petersen and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 131 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Versatile Ring-Opening Copolymerization and Postprinting Functionalization of Lactone and Poly(propylene fumarate) Block Copolymers: Resorbable Building Blocks for Additive Manufacturing. Additive manufacturing has the potential to change medicine, but clinical applications are limited by a lack of resorbable, printable materials. Herein, we report the first synthesis of polylactone and poly(propylene fumarate) (PPF) block copolymers with well-defined molecular masses and molecular mass distributions using sequential, ring-opening polymerization and ring-opening copolymerization methods. These new copolymers represent a diverse platform of resorbable printable materials. Furthermore, these polymers open a previously unexplored range of accessible properties among stereolithographically printable materials, which we demonstrate by printing a polymer with a molecular mass nearly 4 times that of the largest PPF homopolymer previously printed. To further demonstrate the potential of these materials in regenerative medicine, we report the postprinting "click" functionalization of the material using a copper-mediated azide-alkyne cycloaddition.Degradable, Printable Poly(propylene fumarate) Based ABA Triblock Elastomers. Additive manufacturing is rapidly advancing tissue engineering, but the scope of its clinical translation is limited by a lack of materials designed to meet specific mechanical properties and resorption timelines. Materials that are printable via photochemical crosslinking, fully degradable, and elastomeric have proven particularly challenging to develop. Herein, we report the synthesis of a series of poly(propylene fumarate-b-[gamma]-methyl-[epsilon]-caprolactone-b-propylene fumarate) ABA triblock polymers using a sequential ring-opening polymerization and ring-opening copolymerization. When crosslinked photochemically using a continuous liquid interface production digital light processing (DLP) Carbon M2 printer, these ABA type triblock copolymers are durable elastomers with tunable degradation and elastic properties. The polymers are shown to undergo slow, hydrolytic degradation in vitro with minimal loss of mechanical performance during degradation.The remarkable mechanical properties of elastomers found in nature are characterized by high elasticity and tensile strength that are difficult to mimic using synthetic methods. Sugar-based Thermoplastic Elastomers with Hydrogen Bond Induced Strain Hardening. Traditional strategies to synthetically recreate these properties primarily focus on the formation of chemically crosslinked networks or increasing the content of crystalline domains. While these provide materials that have found a myriad of uses, these strategies also have significant drawbacks including limited end-of-life options, reduced optical clarity, and a tradeoff between strength and extensibility. Herein, we report the synthesis of thermoplastic polyurethane elastomers containing renewably sourced 1,4:3,6-dianhydrohexitols that display exceptional strength and elongation at break, superior to both natural and synthetic commercial rubbers. The unique combination of the rigid ring structures adjacent to strong hydrogen bonding groups units are shown to impart unique material properties including strain rate dependent behavior, significant strain hardening, and high optical clarity that is retained throughout elongation. These phenomena are attributed to dynamic transitions between intra- and inter- molecular hydrogen bonding in the transient crosslinking network, as revealed by computational and experimental investigations. In addition to the renewably sourced feedstock, the self-assembled nature and high thermal stability of these materials enable facile reprocessing with minimal loss of mechanical performance, making them excellent candidates for sustainable alternatives to commodity elastomers.

Download or read book Amphiphilic Triblock Copolymers for 3D Printable and Biodegradable Hydrogels written by Zeyu Wang and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hydrogels have been extensively investigated as biomedical devices, such as for tissue engineering and drug release. Additive manufacturing provides numerous possibilities for the fabrication of biomaterials in a layer-by-layer manner. However, the diversity of 3D printed hydrogels investigated so far is generally limited chemically or geometrically. Herein, a novel triblock copolymer poly(propylene fumarate)-block-poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(propylene fumarate) with different block lengths were synthesized and photocrosslinked into hydrogels utilizing a continuous Digital Light Processing 3D printer. The effect of varying block lengths on mechanical properties, sol fraction, and in vitro degradation of the 3D printed hydrogels was investigated. Furthermore, functional epoxides were used to modify the triblock copolymer to introduce alkyne and hydroxyl pendant groups on the polyester and polyether backbones, respectively. The incorporation of alkyne moieties allows for post-polymerization and post-crosslinking modification by using copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition, and the additional hydroxyl groups can improve hydrophilicity of the block copolymers. The well-defined copolymer structure was confirmed by using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, size exclusion chromatography, and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry.

Download or read book Functional Dyes written by Sung-Hoon Kim and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2006-03-08 with total page 283 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the last 10 years organic dyes, traditionally used for coloring textiles and other materials, have become increasingly important in the hi-tech industries of electronics and optoelectronics. They can be used in optical data storage, new solar cells and biomedical sensors.Functional Dyes discusses the synthesis of these new, high-value dyes and pigments as well as their applications and performance. The chapters are arranged so that the reader logically advances from the fundamental concepts to more practical aspects of the technology in which they are used.In providing the reader with current information on functional dye chemistry, as well as important developments within the field, Functional Dyes is a valuable information source for dye and material chemists, researchers and graduates, who want a summary of the key advances in the field over the last 10 years and an authoritative view on future developments. * Provides a broad introduction to the science technology of the functional dye application* Reviews recent advances on synthesis and characteristics of the functional dyes and their applications* Is a valuable information source for dye and material chemists and researchers

Download or read book Biomaterials Fabrication and Processing Handbook written by Paul K. Chu and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2008-03-27 with total page 720 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume focuses on a variety of production and processing aspects of the latest biomaterials. It discusses how scaffolds are used in tissue engineering and describes common implant materials, such as hard tissue, blood contacting, and soft tissue. The book also examines the important role nanotechnology plays in the preparation of drugs, protein delivery, tissue engineering, cardiovascular biomaterials, hard tissue replacements, biosensors, and bio-MEMS. With contributions from renowned international experts and extensive reference lists in each chapter, this book provides detailed, practical information to produce biomaterials and employ them in biomedicine.

Download or read book Polymer Based Additive Manufacturing written by Declan M. Devine and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-09-16 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book aims to give readers a basic understanding of commonly used additive manufacturing techniques as well as the tools to fully utilise the strengths of additive manufacturing through the modelling and design phase all the way through to post processing. Guidelines for 3D-printed biomedical implants are also provided. Current biomedical applications of 3D printing are discussed, including indirect applications in the rapid manufacture of prototype tooling and direct applications in the orthopaedics, cardiovascular, drug delivery, ear-nose-throat, and tissue engineering fields. Polymer-Based Additive Manufacturing: Biomedical Applications is an ideal resource for students, researchers, and those working in industry seeking to better understand the medical applications of additive manufacturing.

Download or read book Polymer Nanocomposites in Biomedical Engineering written by Kishor Kumar Sadasivuni and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-01-29 with total page 409 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a thorough discussion of the physics, biology, chemistry and medicinal science behind a new and important area of materials science and engineering: polymer nanocomposites. The tremendous opportunities of polymer nanocomposites in the biomedical field arise from their multitude of applications and their ability to satisfy the vastly different functional requirements for each of these applications. In the biomedical field, a polymer nanocomposite system must meet certain design and functional criteria, including biocompatibility, biodegradability, mechanical properties, and, in some cases, aesthetic demands. The content of this book builds on what has been learnt in elementary courses about synthesising polymers, different nanoparticles, polymer composites, biomedical requirements, uses of polymer nanocomposites in medicine as well as medical devices and the major mechanisms involved during each application. The impact of hybrid nanofillers and synergistic composite mixtures which are used extensively or show promising outcomes in the biomedical field are also discussed. These novel materials vary from inorganic/ceramic-reinforced nanocomposites for mechanical property improvement to peptide-based nanomaterials, with the chemistry designed to render the entire material biocompatible.

Download or read book Stereolithography written by Paulo Jorge Bártolo and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-03-18 with total page 345 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stereolithography: Materials, Processes and Applications will focus on recent advances in stereolithography covering aspects related to the most recent advances in the field, in terms of fabrication processes (two-photon polymerization, micro-stereolithography, infrared stereolithography and stereo-thermal-lithography), materials (novel resins, hydrogels for medical applications and highly reinforced resins with ceramics and metals), computer simulation and applications.

Download or read book Clinical Applications of Biomaterials written by Gurbinder Kaur and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-06-07 with total page 485 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the most novel and state-of-the-art applications of biomaterials, with chapters that exemplify approaches with targeted drug delivery, diabetes, neurodegenerative diseases and cranioplasty implants. Expert contributors analyze biomaterials such as calcium phosphate, sol-gel and quenched glasses, metallic and polymer implants, bioactive glass, and polymer composites while also covering important areas such as the soft tissue replacement, apatites, bone regeneration and cell encapsulation. This book is appropriate for biomedical engineers, materials scientists, and clinicians who are seeking to implement the most advanced approaches and technologies with their patients.

Download or read book Biomanufacturing written by Chander Prakash and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-03-20 with total page 271 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ​Current Trends in Biomanufacturing focuses on cutting-edge research regarding the design, fabrication, assembly, and measurement of bio-elements into structures, devices, and systems. The field of biomaterial and biomanufacturing is growing exponentially in order to meet the increasing demands of for artificial joints, organs and bone-fixation devices. Rapid advances in the biological sciences and engineering are leading to newer and viable resources, methods and techniques that may providing better quality of life and more affordable health care services. The book covers the broad aspects of biomanufacturing, including: synthesis of biomaterials; implant coating techniques; spark plasma sintering; microwave processing; and cladding, powder metallurgy and electrospinning. The contributors illustrate the recent trends of biomanufacturing, highlighting the important aspects of biomaterial synthesis, and their use as feedstock of fabrication technologies and their characterization, along with their clinical practices. Current Trends in Biomanufacturing updates researchers and scientists the novelties and techniques of the field, as it summarises numerous aspects of biomanufacturing, including synthesis of biomaterials, fabrication of biomedical structures, their in-vivo/ in-vitro, mechanical analysis and associated ISO standards.

Download or read book Degradable Polymers written by G. Scott and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Few scientific developments in recent years have captured the popular imagination like the subject of'biodegradable' plastics. The reasons for this are complex and lie deep in the human subconscious. Discarded plastics are an intrusion on the sea shore and in the countryside. The fact that nature's litter abounds in the sea and on land is acceptable because it is biodegradable - even though it may take many years to be bioassimilated into the ecosystem. Plastics litter is not seen to be biodegradable and is aesthetically unacceptable because it does not blend into the natural environment. To the environmentally aware but often scientifically naive, biodegradation is seen to be the ecologically acceptable solution to the problem of plastic packaging waste and litter and some packaging manufacturers have exploited the 'green' consumer with exaggerated claims to 'environmentally friendly' biodegradable packaging materials. The principles underlying environmental degradation are not understood even by some manufacturers of 'biodegradable' materials and the claims made for them have been categorized as 'deceptive' by USA legislative authorities. This has set back the acceptance of plastics with controlled biodegradability as part of the overall waste and litter control strategy. At the opposite end of the commercial spectrum, the polymer manufactur ing industries, through their trade associations, have been at pains to discount the role of degradable materials in waste and litter management. This negative campaign has concentrated on the supposed incompatibility of degradable plastics with aspects of waste management strategy, notably materials recycling.

Download or read book Green Biopolymers and their Nanocomposites written by Dhorali Gnanasekaran and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-07-06 with total page 437 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book comprises a collection of chapters on green biopolymer nanocomposites. The book discusses the preparation, properties, and applications of different types of biodegradable polymers. An overview of recent advances in the fabrication of biopolymers nanocomposites from a variety of sources, including organic and inorganic nanomaterials, is presented. The book highlights the importance and impact of eco-friendly green nanocomposites, both environmentally and economically. The contents of this book will prove useful for students, researchers, and professionals working in the field of nanocomposites and green technology.

Download or read book Nanostructured Polymer Composites for Biomedical Applications written by Sarat Kumar Swain and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2019-06-15 with total page 552 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nanostructured Polymer Composites for Biomedical Applications addresses the challenges researchers face regarding the creation of nanostructured polymer composites that not only have superior performance and mechanical properties, but also have acceptable biological function. This book discusses current efforts to meet this challenge by discussing the multidisciplinary nature of nanostructured polymer composite biomaterials from various fields, including materials science, polymer science, biomedical engineering and biomedicine. This compilation of existing knowledge will lead to the generation of new terminology and definitions across individual disciplines. As such, this book will help researchers and engineers develop new products and devices for use in effective medical treatment. Summarizes the most recent strategies to develop nanostructured polymer composite biomaterials for biomedicine Outlines the major preparation and characterization techniques for a range of polymer nanocomposites used in biomedicine Explores the design of new types of nanostructured polymer composites for applications in drug delivery, tissue engineering, gene therapy and bone replacement

Download or read book Hydrogels written by Sajjad Haider and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2018-08-01 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new important book is a collection of research and review articles from different parts of the world discussing the dynamic and vibrant field of hydrogels. The articles are linking new findings and critically reviewing the fundamental concepts and principles that are making the base for innovation. Each chapter discusses the potential of hydrogels in diverse areas. These areas include tissue engineering, implants, controlled drug release, and oil reserve treatment. The book is offering an up-to-date knowledge of hydrogels to experienced as well as new researchers.

Download or read book Essentials of 3D Biofabrication and Translation written by Anthony Atala and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2015-07-17 with total page 441 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essentials of 3D Biofabrication and Translation discusses the techniques that are making bioprinting a viable alternative in regenerative medicine. The book runs the gamut of topics related to the subject, including hydrogels and polymers, nanotechnology, toxicity testing, and drug screening platforms, also introducing current applications in the cardiac, skeletal, and nervous systems, and organ construction. Leaders in clinical medicine and translational science provide a global perspective of the transformative nature of this field, including the use of cells, biomaterials, and macromolecules to create basic building blocks of tissues and organs, all of which are driving the field of biofabrication to transform regenerative medicine. Provides a new and versatile method to fabricating living tissue Discusses future applications for 3D bioprinting technologies, including use in the cardiac, skeletal, and nervous systems, and organ construction Describes current approaches and future challenges for translational science Runs the gamut of topics related to the subject, from hydrogels and polymers to nanotechnology, toxicity testing, and drug screening platforms

Download or read book Biodegradable Polymers in Clinical Use and Clinical Development written by Abraham J. Domb and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-05-12 with total page 594 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on biodegradable polymers that are already in clinical use or under clinical development. Synthetic and natural polymers will be included. This excludes polymers that have been investigated and did not reach clinical development. The purpose of this book is to provide updated status of the polymers that are clinical use and those that are now being developed for clinical use and hopefully will reach the clinic during the next 5 years. The book provides information that of interest to academics and practicing researchers including chemists, biologists and bioengineers and users: physicians, pharmacists.

Download or read book Biodegradable polymers for industrial applications written by Ray Smith and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2005-05-17 with total page 556 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The vast majority of plastic products are made from petroleum-based synthetic polymers that do not degrade in a landfill or in a compost-like environment. Therefore, the disposal of these products poses a serious environmental problem. An environmentally-conscious alternative is to design/synthesize polymers that are biodegradable. Biodegradable polymers for industrial applications introduces the subject in part one by outlining the classification and development of biodegradable polymers with individual chapters on polyhydroxyalkanoates, polyesteramides and thermoplastic starch biodegradable polymers and others. The second part explores the materials available for the production of biodegradable polymers. Polymers derived from sugars, natural fibres, renewable forest resources, poly(lactic acid) and protein-nanoparticle composites will be looked at in detail in this section. Part three looks at the properties and mechanisms of degradation, prefacing the subject with a chapter on current standards. The final part explores opportunities for industrial applications, with chapters on packing, agriculture and biodegradable polycaprolactone foams in supercritical carbon dioxide. Biodegradable polymers for industrial applications explores the fundamental concepts concerning the development of biodegradable polymers, degradable polymers from sustainable sources, degradation and properties and industrial applications. It is an authoritative book that will be invaluable for academics, researchers and policy makers in the industry.

Download or read book Handbook of Fluoropolymer Science and Technology written by Dennis W. Smith and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-05-05 with total page 671 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Handbook of Fluoropolymer Science and Technology A comprehensive handbook on fluoropolymer synthesis, characterization, and processing Fluoropolymers, one of the more durable classes of polymer materials, are known to enable novel technologies as a result of their remarkable properties. As key components in industry applications, fluoropolymers have established commercial interest and scientists have discovered more efficient approaches of handling them. This book reviews up-to-date fluoropolymer platforms as well as recently discovered methods for the preparation of fluorinated materials. It focuses on synthesis, characterization, and processing aspects, providing guidelines for practicing scientists and engineers. In addition, the book covers: Concepts and studies from leading international laboratories, including academia, government, and industrial institutions Emerging technologies and applications in energy, optics, space exploration, fuel cells, microelectronics, gas separation membranes, biomedical instrumentation, and more Current environmental concerns associated with fluoropolymers, relevant regulations, and growth opportunities Overall, the chapters provide coverage of chemical methods and help the reader further understand how fluoropolymer research provides solutions for material challenges. The concepts in this book also inspire professionals to identify new markets and funding sources for fluoropolymer research and development.