Download or read book Development of Artificial Antigen Presenting Cells for Prostate Cancer Immunotherapy written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A major goal in cancer immunotherapy is to generate an effective anti-tumor immune response. Adoptive immunotherapy involves stimulation of tumor-specific T cells, ex vivo (outside the body), followed by transfer of expanded numbers of activated T cells back into patients. While adoptive immunotherapy holds promise as a treatment for cancer, development of adoptive immunotherapy has been impeded by the lack of a reproducible and economically viable method for generating therapeutic numbers of antigen-specific CTL. The work proposed in this application will enable advances in adoptive immunotherapy. Most prostate cancers express prostate specific molecules. These molecules, including PSA and PMSA, can serve as potential targets for immune-based treatments. Studies on immune recognition of these molecules have already identified potential target regions within these proteins and are the basis of a variety of different experimental immunotherapies for treatment of prostate cancer. In this study we propose to study the ability to use HLA-Ig based aAPC as a viable method for induction, expansion and activation of prostate specific T cells for immunotherapy for prostate cancer. These studies will serve as precursor ones for induction and expansion of prostate specific CTL from patients with disease for initiation of adoptive immunotherapy phase I clinical studies.
Download or read book Development of Antigen Presenting Cells for Adoptive Immunotherapy in Prostate Cancer written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While adoptive immunotherapy holds promise as a treatment for cancer and infectious diseases, development has been impeded by the lack of reproducible methods for generating therapeutic numbers of antigen-specific CD8+ CTL. As a result, there are only limited reports of expansion of antigen-specific CTL to levels required for clinical therapy. Therefore, our groups has previously developed artificial Antigen-Presenting Cells (aAPC), made by coupling soluble HLAIg and anti-CD28 to beads. These aAPC have successfully been used to induce and expand CTL specific for CMV or melanoma. For the current study we have proposed to used and further developed those aAPC for the generation of prostate cancer specific CTL. Our preliminary data demonstrate that aAPC loaded with the prostate cancer specific antigen EpHA2 have been used to generate functional active prostate cancer-specific CTL from peripheral blood healthy donors.
Download or read book In Situ Gene Therapy for Prostate Cancer Development of Systemic Anti Tumor Immunity written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although to our knowledge there are no dearly defined tumor antigens for prostate cancer, based on our preliminary data we of the opinion that specific gene-modified cell-based immunotherapy protocols could result in the generation of a systemic anti-metastatic immune response. We have shown that IL-12+B7 transduced antigen-presenting cells (APC) can effectively induce an anti-tumor immunity; that IL-12+B7 modified prostate cancer cell vaccine strategies can generate a systemic anti-tumor immune response; and, that IL-12+B7 gene delivery has specific therapeutic effects against bone metastases. We proposed to test the efficacy of specific therapeutic approaches incorporating novel biological concepts of IL-12 gene modified cell-based therapy using preclinical models of metastatic prostate cancer.
Download or read book Prostate Cancer Immunotherapy Development in Prostate Specific Antigen Transgenic Mice written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 17 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Our research is focused on the development of a PSA directed immunotherapy for prostate cancer. Through repetition of the experiments with additional controls, we confirmed our conclusion of last year that PSA can serve as a tumor rejection marker in the PSA transgenic mouse in spite of the potential tolerance to the PSA protein due to its self-status. Vaccination with a PSA expressing human tumor cell line elicited a specific anti-PSA response that protected mice from a challenge of PSA/OM-2 but not the control vector/OM-2 cell line. We identified PSA peptides that are immunogenic in the human HLA-A0̂201 haplotype. Of nine candidate peptides five have been proven to be immunogenic in the HLA-A2Dd transgenic mouse after vaccination with peptide pulsed dendritic cells. These five peptides were further characterized with binding as says to reveal that four were exclusively bound by the A2 MHC molecule and one by the murine H-2D(sup b) MHC molecule. Individually, all five peptides were shown to be efficacious in inducing an anti-PSA immune response capable of protecting 33-60% of A2Dd transgenic mice challenged with the tumor cell line, PSA/EL4A2Kb. The results of these experiments allow us to continue to pursue an anti-PSA directed prostate cancer immunotherapy.
Download or read book Prostate Tumor Antigen Discovery Development of a Novel Genetic Approach written by Dean L. Mann and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Immunotherapy may provide an effective adjunct to current treatment modalities for prostate cancer. To achieve this goal, several fundamental immunologic questions need to be addressed. These include optimization of cellular immune responses to candidate tumor antigen and exploration of the extent to which HLA Class I and Class II diversity will restrict application of a candidate prostatic cancer vaccine. PSA was chosen as a candidate antigen for study and dendritic cells (DC) the vehicle for antigen delivery. DC armed with PSA generated predominately HLA Class II mediated CD4+ (helper) responses. However when combined with an anti-PSA monoclonal antibody, CD4+ as well as CDB+ T cell responses were generated. CDB+ T cell responses were at least in part restricted by PSA peptides known to bind the HLA-A*0201 allele. T cell clones were generated from peripheral blood from two patients with disease of the prostate (cancer, prostatitis) and HLA restriction studied. We identified peptide sequences in PSA that were presented by HLA-B*0702 to CD8+ T cells (previously unreported), and an HLA Class II allele (HLA DR*1501) restricted CD4+ T cell response. The result of these studies contribute to a rational basis for prostate cancer immunotherapy.
Download or read book Development of Immunotherapy Against Prostate Cancer Using Lentivirally transduced Dendritic Cells Expressing Murine ErbB2 as a Model Tumor associated Antigen written by Miriam Esmat Mossoba and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Rescuing High Avidity T Cells for Prostate Cancer Immunotherapy written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first annual report on the grant Rescuing high avidity T cells for prostate cancer immunotherapy". The purpose of the grant proposal is to rescue high avidity tumor-antigen specific T cells that can respond effectively to prostate cancer cells and delay the development of prostate cancer in the TRAMP mouse model. The innovative idea is based on the hypothesis that blockade of the T cell costimulatory pathway in adults will inhibit the deletion of high avidity tumor antigen specific T cells. We have proposed three specific aims in the grant, (I) - Identify the cells in thymus that express peripheral tumor antigen to induce clonal deletion of tumor antigen reactive T cells. (2). Examine whether anti-B7 antibody treatment in TRAMP mice can rescue the tumor-antigen specific T cells that are otherwise deleted. (3). Determine the thymic function in prostate cancer patients undergoing hormonal therapy. In the past funding period, we have completed the specific aim 1 and obtained promising preliminary data in specific aim 2. Through bone marrow radiation chimera mice experiments that we proposed in specific aim 1, we have shown that expression of the self antigen in thymic epithelial cells is both necessary and sufficient to induce clonal deletion. Surprisingly, while bone marrow-derived peripheral antigen expressing cells failed to induce clonal deletion, they did cause the activation-induced cell death of autoreactive cells in the secondary lymphoid organs. Thus, the BM-derived PAE have a distinct function in the maintenance of tolerance to tissue-specific antigens.
Download or read book Development of a Novel Methodology for Improving CTL Recognition of Prostate Specific Antigen PSA for the Immunotherapy of Prostate Cancer written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The major goal of the research was to develop a novel methodology for improving T cell epitopes. The underlying hypothesis is that T cells capable of recognizing tumor-associated antigens (TAA) are present but often difficult to activate. However, once activated such T cells might be effective against tumors due to the less stringent triggering requirements of mature effectors. We developed a novel bacterial expression system for screening the epitopes of PSA, a known TAA. We have employed a saturation mutagenesis technique to a PSA peptide epitope identified. Expression libraries constructed corresponding to each position in the peptide were screened functionally. Plasmids from clones showing enhanced activity were sequenced. Peptides were synthesized and tested in a functional assay and showed enhanced activity with the T cell hybridoma. Using a competitive binding assay for MHC binding, we showed that some mutants enhance T cell activation by binding better to MHC whereas others appear to improve interaction with the T cell receptor. Immunization with a mixture of altered peptide ligand and the wild-type peptide can enhance the frequency of responding cells. The findings show that altered peptide ligands can be discovered using this novel methodology and should be applicable to other tumor antigens.
Download or read book Biomaterials in Regenerative Medicine and the Immune System written by Laura Santambrogio and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-09-04 with total page 283 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The generation of tridimensional tissues, assembled from scaffolding materials populated with biologically functional cells, is the great challenge and hope of tissue bioengineering and regenerative medicine. The generation of biomaterials capable of harnessing the immune system has been particularly successful. This book provides a comprehensive view of how immune cells can be manipulated to suppresses inflammation, deliver vaccines, fight cancer cells, promote tissue regeneration or inhibit blood clotting and bacterial infections by functionally engineered biomaterials. However, long-lived polymers, such as those employed in orthopedic surgery or vascular stents, can often induce an immune reaction to their basic components. As a result, this book is also an important step towards coming to understand how to manipulate biomaterials to optimize their beneficial effects and downplay detrimental immune responses.
Download or read book Guide to Immunotherapy written by Suzanne L. Walker and published by . This book was released on 2018-10 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Interaction of Immune and Cancer Cells written by Magdalena Klink and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-02-14 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Now, it its second edition, this book summarizes the role of immune cells in tumor suppression and progression. It describes in detail why tumor cells can survive and spread in spite of the antitumor response of immune cells. Since immunotherapy is an attractive approach to cancer therapy, this book also provides information on the two main strategies: monoclonal antibodies and adaptive T cell immunotherapy, with a focus on recent human clinical trials. A newly added chapter also focuses on the role of Natural Killer cells in tumor progression. The book provides a state-of-the-art, comprehensive overview of immune cells in cancer and is an indispensable resource for researchers and practitioners working or lecturing in the field of cancer research and immunology.
Download or read book Vaccines for Cancer Immunotherapy written by Nima Rezaei and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-10-17 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Therapeutic cancer vaccines represent a type of active cancer immunotherapy. Clinicians, scientists, and researchers working on cancer treatment require evidence-based and up-to-date resources relating to therapeutic cancer vaccines. Vaccines for Cancer Immunotherapy provides a reference for cancer treatment for clinicians and presents a well-organized resource for determining high-potential research areas. The book considers that this promising modality can be made more feasible as a treatment for cancer. Chapters cover cancer immunology, general approaches to cancer immunotherapy, vaccines, tumor antigens, the strategy of allogeneic and autologous cancer vaccines, personalized vaccines, whole-tumor antigen vaccines, protein and peptide vaccines, dendritic cell vaccines, genetic vaccines, candidate cancers for vaccination, obstacles to developing therapeutic cancer vaccines, combination therapy, future perspectives and concluding remarks on therapeutic cancer vaccines. - Introduces the feasible immunotherapeutic vaccines for patients with different types of cancer - Presents the status of past and current vaccines for cancer treatment - Considers advantages and disadvantages of different therapeutic cancer vaccines - Looks at the combination of vaccines and other modalities, including immunotherapeutic and conventional methods - Analyzes obstacles to development of therapeutic cancer vaccines - Gives a view on future perspectives in the application of therapeutic cancer vaccines
Download or read book Insights into the Pharmaceutical and Clinical Applications of Nanoparticles in Cancer Therapy written by Sheba R. David and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2022-11-04 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Healthcare has long been on a quest for a ‘magic bullet’ to cure the dreaded disease cancer. As this book shows, nanoparticles perfectly fit the bill with their promising characteristics. Meticulously engineered nanostructures, with a useful drug or molecule, target a specific cancer in unique ways. However, as with many targeted systems, the effectiveness of the system needs to be weighed against the adverse effects. The toxicity of nanoparticles has been a worldwide concern, and evidence-based medicine analyses nanostructures for proof of safety and their efficacy in killing cancer cells. This book gives a fresh perspective on a wealth of diverse nanotechnological advances for various cancers.
Download or read book Cancer Vaccines and Immunotherapy written by Peter L. Stern and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2000-08-17 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rapid progress in the definition of tumor antigens, and improved immunization methods, bring effective cancer vaccines within reach. In this wide-ranging survey, leading clinicians and scientists review therapeutic cancer vaccine strategies against a variety of diseases and molecular targets. Intended for an interdisciplinary readership, their contributions cover the rationale, development, and implementation of vaccines in human cancer treatment, with specific reference to cancer of the cervix, breast, colon, bladder, and prostate, and to melanoma and lymphoma. They review target identification, delivery vectors and clinical trial design. The book begins and ends with lucid overviews from the editors, that discuss the most recent developments.
Download or read book Heat Shock Proteins in Cancer written by Stuart K. Calderwood and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-09-09 with total page 399 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Heat shock proteins are emerging as important molecules in the development of cancer and as key targets in cancer therapy. These proteins enhance the growth of cancer cells and protect tumors from treatments such as drugs or surgery. However, new drugs have recently been developed particularly those targeting heat shock protein 90. As heat shock protein 90 functions to stabilize many of the oncogenes and growth promoting proteins in cancer cells, such drugs have broad specificity in many types of cancer cell and offer the possibility of evading the development of resistance through point mutation or use of compensatory pathways. Heat shock proteins have a further property that makes them tempting targets in cancer immunotherapy. These proteins have the ability to induce an inflammatory response when released in tumors and to carry tumor antigens to antigen presenting cells. They have thus become important components of anticancer vaccines. Overall, heat shock proteins are important new targets in molecular cancer therapy and can be approached in a number of contrasting approaches to therapy.
Download or read book Engineering Medicine written by Lawrence S. Chan and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-05-15 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This transformative textbook, first of its kind to incorporate engineering principles into medical education and practice, will be a useful tool for physicians, medical students, biomedical engineers, biomedical engineering students, and healthcare executives. The central approach of the proposed textbook is to provide principles of engineering as applied to medicine and guide the medical students and physicians in achieving the goal of solving medical problems by engineering principles and methodologies. For the medical students and physicians, this proposed textbook will train them to “think like an engineer and act as a physician”. The textbook contains a variety of teaching techniques including class lectures, small group discussions, group projects, and individual projects, with the goals of not just helping students and professionals to understand the principles and methods of engineering, but also guiding students and professionals to develop real-life solutions. For the biomedical engineers and biomedical engineering students, this proposed textbook will give them a large framework and global perspective of how engineering principles could positively impact real-life medicine. To the healthcare executives, the goal of this book is to provide them general guidance and specific examples of applying engineering principles in implementing solution-oriented methodology to their healthcare enterprises. Overall goals of this book are to help improve the overall quality and efficiency of healthcare delivery and outcomes.
Download or read book Rossi s Principles of Transfusion Medicine written by Toby L. Simon and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-03-15 with total page 760 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rossi's Principles of Transfusion Medicine is the most comprehensive and practical reference on transfusion science and medicine available Led by a world class Editor team, including two past-presidents of AABB, a past- President of the American Board of Pathology and members of the FDA Blood Products Advisory Committee , and international contributor team Comprehensive reference resource, considered the gold standard in transfusion Covers current hot topics such as donor care – including the frequency of donation and management of iron deficiency/status), patient blood management, hemovigilance, cstem cell therapies, and global aspects of the organization of transfusion and transplant services New material on molecular immunohematology Companion website includes figures, full text and references
