Download or read book Development of an Ontology Supporting Failure Analysis of Surface Safety Valves Used in Oil Gas Applications written by Dephna Albor Mejia and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The project describes how to apply Root Cause Analysis (RCA) in the form of a Failure Mode Effect and Criticality Analysis (FMECA) on hydraulically actuated Surface Safety Valves (SSVs) of Xmas trees in oil and gas applications, in order to be able to predict the occurrence of failures and implement preventive measures such as Condition and Performance Monitoring (CPM) to improve the life-span of a valve and decrease maintenance downtime. In the oil and gas industry, valves account for 52% of failures in the system. If these failures happen unexpectedly it can cause a lot of problems. Downtime of the oil well quickly becomes an expensive problem, unscheduled maintenance takes a lot of extra time and the lead-time for replacement parts can be up to 6 months. This is why being able to predict these failures beforehand is something that can bring a lot of benefits to a company. To determine the best course of action to take in order to be able to predict failures, a FMECA report is created. This is an analysis where all possible failures of all components are catalogued and given a Risk Priority Number (RPN), which has three variables: severity, detectability and occurrence. Each of these is given a rating between 0 and 10 and then the variables are multiplied with each other, resulting in the RPN. The components with an RPN above an acceptable risk level are then further investigated to see how to be able to detect them beforehand and how to mitigate the risk that they pose. Applying FMECA to the SSV mean breaking the system down into its components and determining the function, dependency and possible failures. To this end, the SSV is broken up into three sub-systems: the valve, the actuator and the hydraulic system. The hydraulic system is the sub-system of the SSV responsible for containing, transporting and pressurizing of the hydraulic fluid and in turn, the actuator. It also contains all the safety features, such as pressure pilots, and a trip system in case a problem is detected in the oil line. The actuator is, as the name implies, the sub-system which opens and closes the valve. It is made up of a number of parts such as a cylinder, a piston and a spring. These parts are interconnected in a number of ways to allow the actuator to successfully perform its function. The valve is the actual part of the system which interacts with the oil line by opening and closing. Like the actuator, this sub-system is broken down into a number of parts which work together to perform its function. After breaking down and defining each subsystem on a functional level, a model was created using a functional block diagram. Each component also allows for the defining of dependencies and interactions between the different components and a failure diagram for each component. This model integrates the three sub-systems back into one, creating a complete picture of the entire system which can then be used to determine the effects of different failures in components to the rest of the system. With this model completed we created a comprehensive FMECA report and test the different possible CPM solutions to mitigate the largest risks.

Download or read book The Safety Relief Valve Handbook written by Marc Hellemans and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2009-08-31 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Safety Valve Handbook is a professional reference for design, process, instrumentation, plant and maintenance engineers who work with fluid flow and transportation systems in the process industries, which covers the chemical, oil and gas, water, paper and pulp, food and bio products and energy sectors. It meets the need of engineers who have responsibilities for specifying, installing, inspecting or maintaining safety valves and flow control systems. It will also be an important reference for process safety and loss prevention engineers, environmental engineers, and plant and process designers who need to understand the operation of safety valves in a wider equipment or plant design context. - No other publication is dedicated to safety valves or to the extensive codes and standards that govern their installation and use. A single source means users save time in searching for specific information about safety valves - The Safety Valve Handbook contains all of the vital technical and standards information relating to safety valves used in the process industry for positive pressure applications. - Explains technical issues of safety valve operation in detail, including identification of benefits and pitfalls of current valve technologies - Enables informed and creative decision making in the selection and use of safety valves - The Handbook is unique in addressing both US and European codes:- covers all devices subject to the ASME VIII and European PED (pressure equipment directive) codes;- covers the safety valve recommendations of the API (American Petroleum Institute);- covers the safety valve recommendations of the European Normalisation Committees;- covers the latest NACE and ATEX codes;- enables readers to interpret and understand codes in practice - Extensive and detailed illustrations and graphics provide clear guidance and explanation of technical material, in order to help users of a wide range of experience and background (as those in this field tend to have) to understand these devices and their applications - Covers calculating valves for two-phase flow according to the new Omega 9 method and highlights the safety difference between this and the traditional method - Covers selection and new testing method for cryogenic applications (LNG) for which there are currently no codes available and which is a booming industry worldwide - Provides full explanation of the principles of different valve types available on the market, providing a selection guide for safety of the process and economic cost - Extensive glossary and terminology to aid readers' ability to understand documentation, literature, maintenance and operating manuals - Accompanying website provides an online valve selection and codes guide.

Download or read book Recommended Practice for Installation Maintenance and Repair of Surface Safety Valves and Underwater Safety Valves Offshore written by American Petroleum Institute. Production Department and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book API Recommended Practice for Use of Surface Safety Valves and Underwater Safety Valves Offshore written by American Petroleum Institute and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Recommended Practice for Installation Maintenance and Repair of Surface Safety Valves and Underwater Safety Valves Offshore written by American Petroleum Institute. Exploration and Production Department and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Specification for Wellhead Surface Safety Valves and Underwater Safety Valves for Offshore Service written by American Petroleum Institute. Production Department and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Specification for Subsurface Safety Valve Equipment written by American Petroleum Institute. Production Dept and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Recommended Practice for Installation Maintenance and Repair of Surface Safety Valves and Underwater Safety Valves Offshore written by American Petroleum Institute. Exploration and Production Department and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book API Specification for Wellhead Surface Safety Valves and Underwater Safety Valves for Offshore Service written by American Petroleum Institute. Production Department and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Specification for Wellhead Surface Safety Valves and Underwater Safety Valves for Offshore Service written by American Petroleum Institute. Exploration and Production Department and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 57 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Specification for Validation of Wellhead Surface Safety Valves and Underwater Safety Valves for Offshore Service written by American Petroleum Institute and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Gas Lift Valve Failure Mode Analysis and the Design of a Thermally actuated Positive locking Safety Valve written by Eric W. Gilbertson and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 135 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gas-lifted oil wells are susceptible to failure through malfunction of gas lift valves. This is a growing concern as offshore wells are drilled thousands of meters below the ocean floor in extreme temperature and pressure conditions and repair and monitoring become more difficult. Gas lift valves and oil well systems have been modeled but system failure modes are not well understood. In this thesis a quasi-steady-state fluid-mechanical model and a transient thermal model are constructed to study failure modes and sensitivities of a gas-lifted well system including the reservoir, two-phase flow within the tubing, and gas lift valve geometry. A set of three differential algebraic equations of the system is solved to determine the system state. Gas lift valve, two-phase flow, and reservoir models are validated with well and experimental data. Sensitivity analysis is performed on the model and sensitive parameters are identified. Failure modes of the system and parameter values that lead to failure modes are identified using Monte Carlo simulation. In particular, we find that the failure mode of backflow through the gas lift valve with a leaky check valve is sensitive to small variations in several design parameters. To address the failure modes studied, a positive-locking, thermally-actuated safety valve is designed to shut off flow through the gas lift valve in the event of failure. A prototype of the positive-locking valve is constructed and thermal actuation is tested.

Download or read book Failure Analysis of Pressure Letdown Valve from the Synthoil Process Development Unit written by and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Several processes are being developed to convert coal with high S and ash contents to fuel oil with significantly lower concentrations of these constituents. One such process is Synthoil, a one-step hydrodesulfurization process that accomplishes over 94% conversion to oil in a short time. The reaction is carried out at temperatures around 450°C and pressures of 2000 and 4000 psig. One area subject to excessive wear is the pressure letdown valve on the product oil line. At 900 kg/day PDU at PERC, these valves, which operate at a pressure differential of 4000 psi and a temperature of 125°C must be replaced after about 1000 hr. One of these valves that failed in a typical manner after 915 hr was examined. It contained a replaceable trim set made of cemented WC inserts brazed to the valve plug and press-fitted to the valve seat. Failure of the valve was due to localized erosion of the WC inserts. The failure mode was preferential erosion-corrosion of the Co-Cr binder, allowing the hard WC particles to be washed away in the product oil. A full-scale Plexiglas model of the valve was made and it was found that slight misalignments of the plug with respect to the seat cause large changes in flow patterns through the valve. Many factors can change the local rate of erosion at a plug-to-seat region. In this case eccentricity of the trim set probably contributed to uneven flow aroundthe plug, and progressively higher local flow rates with increasing wear caused failure. The eccentricity may have arisen during manufacture or during service as a result of cracking of the stem-to-tip braze.

Download or read book API Specification for Wellhead Surface Safety Valves and Underwater Safety Valves for Offshore Service written by American Petroleum Institute and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Prevention of Valve Fugitive Emissions in the Oil and Gas Industry written by Karan Sotoodeh and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-05-26 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Prevention of Valve Fugitive Emissions in the Oil and Gas Industry delivers a critical reference for oil and gas engineers and managers to get up-to-speed on all factors surrounding valve fugitive emissions. New technology is included on monitoring, with special attention given to valve seals which are typically the biggest emitting factor on the valve. Proper testing requirements to mitigate future leaks are also covered. Rounding out with international standards, laws and specifications to apply to projects around the world, this book gives today's engineers updated knowledge on how to lower emissions on today's equipment. Helps readers understand the sources and key factors that contribute to fugitive emissions and leakage from oil and gas valves Teaches ways to select proper seals and perform valve testing to mitigate future emissions Includes international standards, laws and specifications to help readers stay compliant and environmentally responsible

Download or read book Failure Analysis written by and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 55 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Safety Valves in Oil and Gas Plants written by Karan Sotoodeh and published by Wiley. This book was released on 2025-02-19 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "When an overpressure event occurs in the piping or facility, an automated on--off safety valve shuts down the system immediately. Pressure Safety Valves (PSVs) are included in the design of processing facilities to protect assets such as piping and vessels by relieving system pressures during abnormal plant conditions. PSVs are safety-critical devices, and there may easily be hundreds of them installed on a plant depending on the size and complexity of same. In most countries, industries are legally required to protect pressure vessels and other equipment by using relief valves. Also, in most countries, equipment design codes such as those provided by the ASME, API and other organizations like ISO (ISO 4126) must be complied with. These codes include design standards for relief valves and schedules for periodic inspection and testing after valves have been removed by the company engineer"--