Download or read book Ti III catalyzed synthesis of exocyclic allenes and development of new titanocene complexes written by Carmen Hernández Cervantes and published by Universidad Almería. This book was released on 2016-01-25 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis deals with the Ti(III) catalyzed synthesis of exocyclic allenes and the development of new titanocene complexes. It is structured in six chapters: Chapter 1 is a general introduction about the generation and reactivity of [TiCp2Cl]. A review about the different [TiCp2Cl] catalyzed or promoted reactions reported to date, is included. Chapter 2 is divided in introduction and results and discussion. In the introduction, an overview about the promoted or catalyzed methodologies, already available for the synthesis of α-allenols, is included. Results and discussion section is sub-divided in other two parts. The first one describes the synthesis of carbocyclic or nitrogen heterocyclic precursors bearing a propargyl halide and a carbonyl group. Next, the [TiCp2Cl] catalyzed synthesis of exocyclic allenols is studied. Additionally, a mechanistic study through deuterium incorporation and reaction of secondary propargyl halide precursors is performed. In the second part, the preparation of oxygen precursors and its cyclization are studied. In chapter 3, there is an introduction about enantioselective syntheses using chiral titanocene catalysts. The results and discussion section deals with the enantioselective cyclization of some of the precursors previously prepared using precatalyst (R,R)-ethylenebis(4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1-indenyl) titanium(IV), also known as Brintzinger complex. A formal synthesis of the alkaloid (})-stemoamide is carried out in chapter 4, being the key step for this synthesis the generation of an α-allenol derivative through a [TiCp2Cl] catalyzedcyclization. This chapter is also divided in an introduction, in which a review about the different methods of synthesis of stemoamide are included, and results and discussion. Chapter 5 compiles the project that I have developed during my research stay at University of Bonn, under the supervision of Prof. Gansauer. The target of this project was to develop an azide functionalized short linker titanocene derivative with the aim of linking it to a surface by click chemistry. The chapter is divided in introduction and results and discussion. In the introduction the different methodologies for the synthesis of titanocene derivatives are reviewed. This section also includes the background in which this project is based. Chapter 6 includes the experimental part. In this chapter all reactions performed during the development of this thesis, as well as the spectroscopic characterization of compounds, are compiled.
Download or read book Proceedings of the 13th World Conference on Titanium written by Vasisht Venkatesh and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-04-26 with total page 4024 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains the Proceedings of the 13th World Conference on Titanium.
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Understanding the Evolution of Regional Economic Development and Tourism Efficiency in China written by Tsung Pao Wu and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2024-07-16 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This insightful volume delves into the intricate relationship between economic growth and tourism effectiveness in China’s diverse regions. With a focus on practical insights and accessible language, this book is essential reading for policymakers, economists, and tourism professionals seeking to understand the dynamics of regional development. By emphasizing China’s unique experiences, the text offers valuable lessons applicable to regions worldwide. Engaging and concise, it navigates complex concepts with clarity, making it accessible to a global audience. Highlighting key trends and emerging theories, this work serves as a vital resource for anyone interested in the intersection of economic development and tourism efficiency.
Download or read book Light Metals 2014 written by John Grandfield and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-12-23 with total page 1351 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Light Metals symposia are a key part of the TMS Annual Meeting & Exhibition, presenting the most recent developments, discoveries, and practices in primary aluminum science and technology. Publishing the proceedings from these important symposia, the Light Metals volume has become the definitive reference in the field of aluminum production and related light metal technologies. The 2014 collection includes papers from the following symposia: •Alumina and Bauxite •Aluminum Alloys: Fabrication, Characterization and Applications •Aluminum Processing •Aluminum Reduction Technology •Cast Shop for Aluminum Production •Electrode Technology for Aluminum Production •Light-metal Matrix (Nano)-composites
Download or read book The Development of High Efficiency Ti Doped PbTe N type Thermoelectric Material written by Genady Komisarchik and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In an attempt to reduce the reliance on fossil fuels, associated with severe environmental effects, the current research is focused on the identification of the thermoelectric potential of n-type PbTe alloys doped with minute amount of Ti (atomic fraction of Ti is less than 3%). An impressive maximal dimensionless thermoelectric figure of merit ZT of 1.2 was obtained upon 0.1 at% Ti doping at 500 °C, indicating a 9% efficiency enhancement compared to undoped PbTe. It is shown that generating a functionally graded material (FGM) based on undoped PbTe as a low temperature segment and a 0.1%Ti doped PbTe as a high temperature segment has a potential to enhance the efficiency by ~14% compared to the undoped sample. This makes doping with Ti a promising opportunity for the generation of highly efficient n-type PbTe-based thermoelectric materials. Using combined Density Functional theory (DFT) calculations and the statistical thermodynamic approach, the actual Ti solubility limit in PbTe was found to be ~0.3 at% at room temperature and in agreement with the experimentally observed appearance of a secondary intermetallic TiTe2 phase. For the first time, the temperature dependence of the solubility of Ti in PbTe is considered. The quasi-binary PbTe-TiTe2 cross-section of the ternary Pb-Ti-Te phase diagram, indicating the Ti solubility in (Pb1-cTic)Te, is presented. Such combined study enables a comprehensive understanding of the phases stability range in the (Pb1-cTic)Te system, paving a route for a future development of highly thermoelectrically efficient n-type Ti-doped PbTe materials. -- abstract.
Download or read book Scientific Bases for the Preparation of Heterogeneous Catalysts written by E. Gaigneaux and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2010-06-29 with total page 882 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These meetings, held every four years, bring together researchers from academia and industry and offer a forum for discussions on the chemistry involved in the preparation of industrial heterogeneous catalysts. Contributions focus on the aspects of catalyst preparation. Reports on physico-chemical characteristics of catalysts and catalytic performances are limited to correlations with the preparation parameters. Contains a collection of the papers presented at the workshop
Download or read book Fatigue and efficiency written by Josephine Clara Goldmark and published by . This book was released on 1912 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 1020 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Plant Tissue Culture Development and Biotechnology written by Robert N. Trigiano and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2011-06-30 with total page 604 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Under the vast umbrella of Plant Sciences resides a plethora of highly specialized fields. Botanists, agronomists, horticulturists, geneticists, and physiologists each employ a different approach to the study of plants and each for a different end goal. Yet all will find themselves in the laboratory engaging in what can broadly be termed biotechnology. Addressing a wide variety of related topics, Plant Tissue Culture, Development, and Biotechnology gives the practical and technical knowledge needed to train the next generation of plant scientists regardless of their ultimate specialization. With the detailed perspectives and hands-on training signature to the authors’ previous bestselling books, Plant Development and Biotechnology and Plant Tissue Culture Concepts and Laboratory Exercises, this book discusses relevant concepts supported by demonstrative laboratory experiments. It provides critical thinking questions, concept boxes highlighting important ideas, and procedure boxes giving precise instruction for experiments, including step-by-step procedures, such as the proper microscope use with digital photography, along with anticipated results, and a list of materials needed to perform them. Integrating traditional plant sciences with recent advances in plant tissue culture, development, and biotechnology, chapters address germplasm preservation, plant growth regulators, embryo rescue, micropropagation of roses, haploid cultures, and transformation of meristems. Going beyond the scope of a simple laboratory manual, this book also considers special topics such as copyrights, patents, legalities, trade secrets, and the business of biotechnology. Focusing on plant culture development and its applications in biotechnology across a myriad of plant science specialties, this text uses a broad range of species and practical laboratory exercises to make it useful for anyone engaged in the plant sciences.
Download or read book The Efficiency of Elementary Schools in China written by E. L. Terman and published by . This book was released on 1924 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Regional Inequality and Development written by Takahiro Akita and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-07-14 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses three main issues in regional income inequality and development: meaning of regional inequality, measurement of regional inequality and the relationship between national economic development and regional income inequality. It provides analytical methods useful in exploring the determinants of regional inequality in income and productivity. Some software commands in Stata (statistical software package) available for the measurement and analysis of income inequality are also introduced. Some researchers have argued that spatial concentration of population in and around major cities and the concurrent increase in regional inequality do not hinder national economic development, and may stimulate it. Nevertheless, many national governments seek to promote balanced regional economic development and reduce regional income inequality, because unbalanced development and higher levels of regional inequality may cause political or ethnic conflicts between different regions of the country. As the applications of the analytical methods introduced in the first part of the book, the second part presents four independent empirical studies on regional inequality and development in Indonesia. They offer very interesting case studies for the formulation of policies and programs to reduce regional inequalities, because as the world’s largest archipelagic country with more than 13 thousand islands and 300 ethnic groups, Indonesia is spatially diverse in terms of its ecology, natural resource endowments, economy, ethnicity and culture.This book can be used as a textbook for undergraduate and graduate students who are interested in national economic development and regional income inequality. It is also beneficial for practitioners and policy makers who are in charge of the formulation, implementation and evaluation of development policies and programs.
Download or read book Mineral Facts and Problems written by United States. Bureau of Mines and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 1306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Strategic Infrastructure Development for Economic Growth and Social Change written by Ray, Nilanjan and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2015-01-31 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Obtaining the ultimate objective of economic growth depends largely on the availability of infrastructure in the economy. New developments in finance also play an important role in enhancing economic prosperity in a country. Strategic Infrastructure Development for Economic Growth and Social Change explores different avenues of research in the areas of corporate governance, socioeconomic conditions, modern business infrastructure, business automation, strategic financial management, and financial aspects of modern businesses. This reference work discusses practical applications, skills, practices, and strategies involved in economic and business growth, and overall economic development. Academicians, practitioners, professionals, and researchers will benefit from the topics discussed in this book.
Download or read book USITC Publication written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 1044 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The relationship between farm size and efficiency in south african agriculture written by Johan Van Zyl and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1995 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Handbook of Crystal Growth written by Peter Rudolph and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-11-04 with total page 1420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vol 2A: Basic TechnologiesHandbook of Crystal Growth, Second Edition Volume IIA (Basic Technologies) presents basic growth technologies and modern crystal cutting methods. Particularly, the methodical fundamentals and development of technology in the field of bulk crystallization on both industrial and research scales are explored. After an introductory chapter on the formation of minerals, ruling historically the basic crystal formation parameters, advanced basic technologies from melt, solution, and vapour being applied for research and production of the today most important materials, like silicon, semiconductor compounds and oxides are presented in detail. The interdisciplinary and general importance of crystal growth for human live are illustrated.Vol 2B: Growth Mechanisms and DynamicsHandbook of Crystal Growth, Second Edition Volume IIB (Growth Mechanisms and Dynamics) deals with characteristic mechanisms and dynamics accompanying each bulk crystal growth method discussed in Volume IIA. Before the atoms or molecules pass over from a position in the fluid medium (gas, melt or solution) to their place in the crystalline face they must be transported in the fluid over macroscopic distances by diffusion, buoyancy-driven convection, surface-tension-driven convection, and forced convection (rotation, acceleration, vibration, magnetic mixing). Further, the heat of fusion and the part carried by the species on their way to the crystal by conductive and convective transport must be dissipated in the solid phase by well-organized thermal conduction and radiation to maintain a stable propagating interface. Additionally, segregation and capillary phenomena play a decisional role for chemical composition and crystal shaping, respectively. Today, the increase of high-quality crystal yield, its size enlargement and reproducibility are imperative conditions to match the strong economy. Volume 2A Presents the status and future of Czochralski and float zone growth of dislocation-free silicon Examines directional solidification of silicon ingots for photovoltaics, vertical gradient freeze of GaAs, CdTe for HF electronics and IR imaging as well as antiferromagnetic compounds and super alloys for turbine blades Focuses on growth of dielectric and conducting oxide crystals for lasers and non-linear optics Topics on hydrothermal, flux and vapour phase growth of III-nitrides, silicon carbide and diamond are explored Volume 2B Explores capillarity control of the crystal shape at the growth from the melt Highlights modeling of heat and mass transport dynamics Discusses control of convective melt processes by magnetic fields and vibration measures Includes imperative information on the segregation phenomenon and validation of compositional homogeneity Examines crystal defect generation mechanisms and their controllability Illustrates proper automation modes for ensuring constant crystal growth process Exhibits fundamentals of solution growth, gel growth of protein crystals, growth of superconductor materials and mass crystallization for food and pharmaceutical industries
