Download or read book Development of an Automated System for Building a Large Population based Statistical Model of Femur Morphology written by Ju Zhang and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Studying femur morphology on a large population of computed-tomography (CT) images requires automatic methods. This thesis presents a fully automatic CT-to- model pipeline that accurately segments and models femur morphology. The pipeline is composed of a training phase, where a statistical shape model is created, and a processing phase, which segments and models cortical bone geometry and cancellous bone mineral density (BMD) distribution. Development and testing of the pipeline was carried out on a set of 262 quantitative-CT images from the Victorian Institute of Forensic Medicine (VIFM). In the training phase, corresponding regions on a training-set of 41 femoral surfaces were automatically partitioned and grouped using region-growing and mean-shift clustering. These regions were used to design a region-based quartic-Lagrange femur mesh, which was fitted region-by-region to manually segmented surfaces, to train the femur statistical shape model. Validation experiments showed that this region-based shape model was more accurate and correspondent than an equivalent non-regional model. Cortical bone geometry was automatically extracted and modelled in the first step of the processing phase, using the shape mode above. Active shape modelling and cortical thickness mapping were adapted and combined to mesh the inner and outer cortical surfaces. Segmented meshes were accurate to 0.9 mm root-mean-square (RMS), and cortical thickness to 0.6 mm RMS. The method achieved a success rate of 83%. Cancellous BMD images were automatically segmented and registered in the second step of the processing phase. BMD values from CT images were mapped to a reference volume by radial basis functions (RBFs), which interpolated the mapping between segmented and reference inner cortical surface meshes. Compared to conventional free- form deformation (FFD) registration, RBF registration followed by FFD led to a four- fold reduction in run time, a surface accuracy of 0.76 mm (versus 3.7 mm), and better alignment of anatomical features. Principal component analysis of registered images showed BMD variations in clinically relevant regions. The development of the CT-to-model pipeline has enabled unsupervised data col- lection from VIFM CT scans for scientific and clinical studies of femur morphology. As a general framework, minor modifications of the pipeline will also allow unsupervised data collection for other bones and other image sets.
Download or read book Statistical Shape Analysis of the Proximal Femur written by Claudia Lindner and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Statistical Shape Modeling for Custom Design and Analysis written by Xilu Wang and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 167 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The goal of this dissertation research is to use pre-existing shape data to improve efficiency and quality of custom design and analysis. The rapid advancement of sensor miniaturization and growing sensor networks and computer power has lead to wide availability of massive shape data from populations of objects. Such massive shape data range from human body shapes to longitudinal knee observations of osteoarthritis patients. Populations of shape data also include shapes of man-made objects, such as part shapes of the same model due to manufacturing process variation as well as part shapes due to shape degradation after deployment. Mining and analysis of such massive population-based shape data can result in knowledge of shape variability of the population and lead to the construction of faithful subject-specific 3D shape models from sparse measurements. It is then possible to predict shape-specific functional performance and population-wide structural performance variation. Such an ability brings about unprecedented capabilities and tantalizing opportunities for mass customization, part-specific failure prediction and just-in-time part maintenance, and patient-specific biomedical intervention and treatment. This work aims at developing efficient approaches that can: 1) construct faithful subject-specific shape models from sparse measurements; 2) predict shape-specific structural performance from a given subject-specific shape model; and 3) predict structural performance variation over a shape population. Toward this end, we present a statistical atlas based approach that incorporates statistical shape modeling in subject-specific shape reconstruction, finite element (FE) modeling and analysis. The statistical atlas contains three parts: the mean shape and the variation modes of the shape population which span a linear shape space, the FE mesh of the mean shape, and the selected feature points and sizing dimensions. The feature points and sizing dimensions are selected by maximizing the total variance they capture of the shape population. Given a subject (e.g. a person), the corresponding dimensions are measured and the subject specific shape model is synthesized. The FE mesh of the mean shape serves as the template mesh which can be morphed to the subject shape to conduct subject-specific FE analysis. The FE solution on the template mesh can also be extrapolated to the subject shape through Taylor expansion. The shape variances along the variation modes are obtained by the principal component analysis. These variances tell the amount of shape variabilities in the population and are combined with the Taylor expansion of the FE solution to obtain the structural performance variation across the population. The numerical testings with various 2D and 3D shape databases demonstrate the efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed approach for custom design and analysis. In this dissertation a statistical atlas based framework is developed for custom design and analysis. The main contributions of this work are: 1) An approach that selects feature points and sizing dimensions based on the total variance captured of the shape population. 2) Automated subject-specific FE modeling through mesh morphing based on the shape correspondence obtained by searching in the shape space. A multi-correlation based metric is developed to evaluate the quality of the obtained shape correspondences. 3) A Taylor expansion approach for predicting subject-specific structural performance and computing structural performance variation over a shape population. Multi-point Taylor expansion approach is developed for the cases that the structural performance is highly nonlinear with respect to the shape parameters.
Download or read book Development and Validation of Statistical Models of Femur Geometry for Use with Parametric Finite Element Models written by Katelyn F. Klein and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Statistical models from a previous study that predict male and female femur geometry as functions of age, body mass index (BMI), and femur length were updated as part of an effort to develop lower-extremity finite element models with geometries that are parametric with subject characteristics. The process for updating these models involved extracting femur geometry from clinical CT scans of an additional 8 men and 36 women (previous models used CT scans from 62 men and 36 women for a new total of 70 men and 72 women), using all of the scans for fitting a template finite element femur mesh to the surface geometry of each patient, and then programmatically determining thickness at each nodal location. Principal component analysis was then performed on the thickness and geometry nodal coordinates, and linear regression models were developed to predict principal component scores as functions of age, BMI, and femur length. The results from the updated models were compared to the previous study, and the only improvement was in the R2 value for the female models (0.74 to 0.82). The largest differences between the original models and the previous models occurred in the ends of the femur, where the largest errors in model predictions occurred.
Download or read book Statistical Models of Shape written by Rhodri Davies and published by Springer. This book was released on 2008-09-10 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The goal of image interpretation is to convert raw image data into me- ingful information. Images are often interpreted manually. In medicine, for example, a radiologist looks at a medical image, interprets it, and tra- lates the data into a clinically useful form. Manual image interpretation is, however, a time-consuming, error-prone, and subjective process that often requires specialist knowledge. Automated methods that promise fast and - jective image interpretation have therefore stirred up much interest and have become a signi?cant area of research activity. Early work on automated interpretation used low-level operations such as edge detection and region growing to label objects in images. These can p- ducereasonableresultsonsimpleimages,butthepresenceofnoise,occlusion, andstructuralcomplexity oftenleadstoerroneouslabelling. Furthermore,- belling an object is often only the ?rst step of the interpretation process. In order to perform higher-level analysis, a priori information must be incor- rated into the interpretation process. A convenient way of achieving this is to use a ?exible model to encode information such as the expected size, shape, appearance, and position of objects in an image. The use of ?exible models was popularized by the active contour model, or ‘snake’ [98]. A snake deforms so as to match image evidence (e.g., edges) whilst ensuring that it satis?es structural constraints. However, a snake lacks speci?city as it has little knowledge of the domain, limiting its value in image interpretation.
Download or read book Automated Selection and Entry of Computed Tomography Data in Finite Element Modelling of the Human Femur written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cumulated Index Medicus written by and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 1104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Index Medicus written by and published by . This book was released on 2001-08 with total page 2156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vols. for 1963- include as pt. 2 of the Jan. issue: Medical subject headings.
Download or read book Hand Bone Age written by Vicente Gilsanz and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-10-20 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the past, determination of bone maturity relied on visual evaluation of skeletal development in the hand and wrist, most commonly using the Greulich and Pyle atlas. The Gilsanz and Ratib digital atlas takes advantage of digital imaging and provides a more effective and objective approach to assessment of skeletal maturity. The atlas integrates the key morphological features of ossification in the bones of the hand and wrist and provides idealized, sex- and age-specific images of skeletal development New to this revised second edition is a description and user manual for Bone Age for iPad®, iPhone® and iPod touch®, which can be purchased and used separately from this book. The App can be easily employed to calculate the deviation of the patient’s age from the normal range and to predict a possible growth delay. This easy-to-use atlas and the related App will be invaluable for radiologists, endocrinologists, and pediatricians and also relevant to forensic physicians.
Download or read book Oral Health in America written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Proceedings of International Conference on Intelligent Computing Information and Control Systems written by A. Pasumpon Pandian and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-01-24 with total page 972 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a collection of papers presented at the International Conference on Intelligent Computing, Information and Control Systems (ICICCS 2020). It encompasses various research works that help to develop and advance the next-generation intelligent computing and control systems. The book integrates the computational intelligence and intelligent control systems to provide a powerful methodology for a wide range of data analytics issues in industries and societal applications. The book also presents the new algorithms and methodologies for promoting advances in common intelligent computing and control methodologies including evolutionary computation, artificial life, virtual infrastructures, fuzzy logic, artificial immune systems, neural networks and various neuro-hybrid methodologies. This book is pragmatic for researchers, academicians and students dealing with mathematically intransigent problems.
Download or read book Bone Tissue Engineering written by Jeffrey O. Hollinger and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2004-10-14 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Focusing on bone biology, Bone Tissue Engineering integrates basic sciences with tissue engineering. It includes contributions from world-renowned researchers and clinicians who discuss key topics such as different models and approaches to bone tissue engineering, as well as exciting clinical applications for patients. Divided into four sections, t
Download or read book Genes Behavior and the Social Environment written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2006-12-07 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past century, we have made great strides in reducing rates of disease and enhancing people's general health. Public health measures such as sanitation, improved hygiene, and vaccines; reduced hazards in the workplace; new drugs and clinical procedures; and, more recently, a growing understanding of the human genome have each played a role in extending the duration and raising the quality of human life. But research conducted over the past few decades shows us that this progress, much of which was based on investigating one causative factor at a time—often, through a single discipline or by a narrow range of practitioners—can only go so far. Genes, Behavior, and the Social Environment examines a number of well-described gene-environment interactions, reviews the state of the science in researching such interactions, and recommends priorities not only for research itself but also for its workforce, resource, and infrastructural needs.
Download or read book Molecular Evolution written by Roderick D.M. Page and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-07-14 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study of evolution at the molecular level has given the subject of evolutionary biology a new significance. Phylogenetic 'trees' of gene sequences are a powerful tool for recovering evolutionary relationships among species, and can be used to answer a broad range of evolutionary and ecological questions. They are also beginning to permeate the medical sciences. In this book, the authors approach the study of molecular evolution with the phylogenetic tree as a central metaphor. This will equip students and professionals with the ability to see both the evolutionary relevance of molecular data, and the significance evolutionary theory has for molecular studies. The book is accessible yet sufficiently detailed and explicit so that the student can learn the mechanics of the procedures discussed. The book is intended for senior undergraduate and graduate students taking courses in molecular evolution/phylogenetic reconstruction. It will also be a useful supplement for students taking wider courses in evolution, as well as a valuable resource for professionals. First student textbook of phylogenetic reconstruction which uses the tree as a central metaphor of evolution. Chapter summaries and annotated suggestions for further reading. Worked examples facilitate understanding of some of the more complex issues. Emphasis on clarity and accessibility.
Download or read book Personalized Hip and Knee Joint Replacement written by Charles Rivière and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-06-30 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book describes and illustrates the surgical techniques, implants, and technologies used for the purpose of personalized implantation of hip and knee components. This new and flourishing treatment philosophy offers important benefits over conventional systematic techniques, including component positioning appropriate to individual anatomy, improved surgical reproducibility and prosthetic performance, and a reduction in complications. The techniques described in the book aim to reproduce patients’ native anatomy and physiological joint laxity, thereby improving the prosthetic hip/knee kinematics and functional outcomes in the quest of the forgotten joint. They include kinematically aligned total knee/total hip arthroplasty, partial knee replacement, and hip resurfacing. The relevance of available and emerging technological tools for these personalized approaches is also explained, with coverage of, for example, robotics, computer-assisted surgery, and augmented reality. Contributions from surgeons who are considered world leaders in diverse fields of this novel surgical philosophy make this open access book will invaluable to a wide readership, from trainees at all levels to consultants practicing lower limb surgery
Download or read book The Zoological Record written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 1240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Medical and Veterinary Entomology written by Gary R. Mullen and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2009-04-22 with total page 646 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Medical and Veterinary Entomology, Second Edition, has been fully updated and revised to provide the latest information on developments in entomology relating to public health and veterinary importance. Each chapter is structured with the student in mind, organized by the major headings of Taxonomy, Morphology, Life History, Behavior and Ecology, Public Health and Veterinary Importance, and Prevention and Control. This second edition includes separate chapters devoted to each of the taxonomic groups of insects and arachnids of medical or veterinary concern, including spiders, scorpions, mites, and ticks. Internationally recognized editors Mullen and Durden include extensive coverage of both medical and veterinary entomological importance. This book is designed for teaching and research faculty in medical and veterinary schools that provide a course in vector borne diseases and medical entomology; parasitologists, entomologists, and government scientists responsible for oversight and monitoring of insect vector borne diseases; and medical and veterinary school libraries and libraries at institutions with strong programs in entomology. Follows in the tradition of Herm's Medical and Veterinary Entomology The latest information on developments in entomology relating to public health and veterinary importance Two separate indexes for enhanced searchability: Taxonomic and Subject New to this edition: Three new chapters Morphological Adaptations of Parasitic Arthropods Forensic Entomology Molecular Tools in Medical and Veterinary Entomology 1700 word glossary Appendix of Arthropod-Related Viruses of Medical-Veterinary Importance Numerous new full-color images, illustrations and maps throughout
