Download or read book Development of a Tomographic Instrument for Gamma ray Nondestructive Assay written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The most widely used Transmission-corrected gamma-ray nondestructive assay (NDA) instruments is the Segmented Gamma Scanner (SGS) that was developed by the Los Alamos Nuclear Safeguards program in the early 1970s to determine the radioisotopic content of waste. SGS assays are accurate for low-density samples and also for high-density samples that are known to be uniform and homogeneous. However, for dense, heterogeneous samples, substantial bias is observed in SGS assays. To assay heterogeneous samples, knowledge of the distribution of emitting and attenuating materials is required. As a result we are developing a tomographic instrument to assay samples for which the assumptions of the SGS analysis are grossly violated. This instrument, known as the Tomographic Gamma Scanner (TGS), has the same basic components as the SGS, including a HPGE detector, a transmission source, and a mechanism to rotate and elevate the sample. However, an additional mechanical motion has been added that allows the detector to move in the direction transverse to the sample axis. This additional motion in combination with more stringent detector collimation enables the TGS to acquire, three-dimensional transmission and emission tomographic projection data from which the distributions of emitting and attenuating material can be determined. This spatial information provides a detailed correction for sample heterogeneities that results in more accurate assays. Our work on the development of the TGS has emphasized the role of the TGS as an NA instrument. Accurate determination of the quantity of emitting material is the primary goal. Precise determination of the distribution of emitting materials is a secondary and potentially conflicting objective. Consequently, desip considerations and analysis techniques differ from those of computerized tomography applied to medicine and nondestructive testing. An experimental TGS has been used to assay 208-l drums containing plutonium.

Download or read book Development of a Computerised Tomographic Gamma ray Scanning System for Non destructive Testing written by John Foster and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Field Experience with a Mobile Tomographic Nondestructive Assay System written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A mobile tomographic gamma-ray scanner (TGS) developed by Los Alamos National Laboratory was recently demonstrated at the Rocky Flats Environmental Technology Site and is currently in use at Los Alamos waste storage areas. The scanner was developed to assay radionuclides in low-level, transuranic, and mixed waste in containers ranging in size from 2 ft3 boxes to 83-gallon overpacks. The tomographic imaging capability provides a complete correction for source distribution and matrix attenuation effects, enabling accurate assays of Pu-239 and other gamma-ray emitting isotopes. In addition, the system can reliably detect self-absorbing material such as plutonium metal shot, and can correct for bias caused by self-absorption. The system can be quickly configured to execute far-field scans, segmented gamma-ray scans, and a host of intermediate scanning protocols, enabling higher throughput (up to 20 drums per 8-hour shift). In this paper, we will report on the results of field trials of the mobile system at Rocky Flats and Los Alamos. Assay accuracy is confirmed for cases in which TGS assays can be compared with assays (e.g. with calorimetry) of individual packages within the drums. The mobile tomographic technology is expected to considerably reduce characterization costs at DOE production and environmental technology sites.

Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1994-12 with total page 508 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Active and Passive Computed Tomography for Nondestructive Assay written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Traditional gamma-ray methods used to characterize nuclear waste introduce errors that are related to non-uniform measurement responses associated with unknown radioactive source and matrix material distributions. These errors can be reduced by applying an active and passive tomographic technique (A & PCT) developed at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL). The technique uses an external radioactive source and active tomography to map the attenuation within a waste barrel as a function of mono-energetic gamma-ray energy. Passive tomography is used to localize and identify specific radioactive waste within the same container. Reconstruction of the passive data using the attenuation maps at specific energies allows internal waste radioactivity to be corrected for any overlying heterogeneous materials, thus yielding an absolute assay of the waste activity. LLNL and Bio-Imaging Research, Inc. have collaborated in a technology transfer effort to integrate an A & PCT assay system into a mobile waste characterization trailer. This mobile system has participated in and passed several formal DOE-sponsored performance demonstrations, tests and evaluations. The system is currently being upgraded with multiple detectors to improve throughput, automated gamma-ray analysis code to simplify the assay, and a new emission reconstruction code to improve accuracy.

Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 704 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Application of Gamma ray Active and Passive Computed Tomography to Nondestructively Assay TRU Waste written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The authors have developed an active and passive computed tomography scanner for assaying radioactive waste drums. They describe the hardware and software components of the system used for data acquisition, gamma-ray spectroscopy analysis, and image reconstruction. They have measured the performance of the system using mock waste drums and calibrated radioactive sources. They describe the results of measurements using this system to assay a real TRU waste drum with relatively low Pu content.

Download or read book Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Facility Operations Safeguards Interface written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Development and Applications of a Gamma ray Tomographic Scanner written by M. Folkard and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Development of a New Matrix Correction Scheme for Pulsed Neutron Interrogation of Fissile Material written by Sheila G. Melton and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 570 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Advanced Signal Processing Handbook written by Stergios Stergiopoulos and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-09-08 with total page 752 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in digital signal processing algorithms and computer technology have combined to produce real-time systems with capabilities far beyond those of just few years ago. Nonlinear, adaptive methods for signal processing have emerged to provide better array gain performance, however, they lack the robustness of conventional algorithms. The challenge remains to develop a concept that exploits the advantages of both-a scheme that integrates these methods in practical, real-time systems. The Advanced Signal Processing Handbook helps you meet that challenge. Beyond offering an outstanding introduction to the principles and applications of advanced signal processing, it develops a generic processing structure that takes advantage of the similarities that exist among radar, sonar, and medical imaging systems and integrates conventional and nonlinear processing schemes.

Download or read book Industrial Process Gamma Tomography written by International Atomic Energy Agency and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 153 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book A Weighted Least squares Lump Correction Algorithm for Transmission corrected Gamma ray Nondestructive Assay written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With transmission-corrected gamma-ray nondestructive assay instruments such as the Segmented Gamma Scanner (SGS) and the Tomographic Gamma Scanner (TGS) that is currently under development at Los Alamos National Laboratory, the amount of gamma-ray emitting material can be underestimated for samples in which the emitting material consists of particles or lumps of highly attenuating material. This problem is encountered in the assay of uranium and plutonium-bearing samples. To correct for this source of bias, we have developed a least-squares algorithm that uses transmission-corrected assay results for several emitted energies and a weighting function to account for statistical uncertainties in the assay results. The variation of effective lump size in the fitted model is parameterized; this allows the correction to be performed for a wide range of lump-size distributions. It may be possible to use the reduced chi-squared value obtained in the fit to identify samples in which assay assumptions have been violated. We found that the algorithm significantly reduced bias in simulated assays and improved SGS assay results for plutonium-bearing samples. Further testing will be conducted with the TGS, which is expected to be less susceptible than the SGS to systematic source of bias.

Download or read book Proceedings of The 20th Pacific Basin Nuclear Conference written by Hong Jiang and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-02-14 with total page 912 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the third in a series of three proceedings of the 20th Pacific Basin Nuclear Conference (PBNC). This volume covers the topics of Power Reactor and New Buildings, Waste Management, Acquiring Medical and Biological Benefits and Student program. As one in the most important and influential conference series of nuclear science and technology, the 20th PBNC was held in Beijing and the theme of this meeting was “Nuclear: Powering the Development of the Pacific Basin and the World”. It brought together outstanding nuclear scientist and technical experts, senior industry executives, senior government officials and international energy organization leaders from all across the world. The book serves as a useful reference not only for the professionals and public to know more about nuclear industry, but also for policymakers to adjust or make energy strategies.

Download or read book Applications of gamma ray tomography to non destructive testing of industrial materials written by Mohamed Mahmud Ennami and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Energy and Water Development Appropriations for 1996 Department of Energy fiscal year 1996 budget justifications written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Energy and Water Development and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 2690 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Development of a Semi automated Gamma ray Tomography Research System written by Woojune Yi and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: