Download or read book Development of a Spatially Resolved Optical Technique for Measuring Heat Flux and Thermal Footprint of Firebrand Piles written by Yasin M. Abul-Huda and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Firebrand showers have been identified as a primary mechanism of fire spread and cause of destruction in wildland-urban interface fires. The heat transfer processes that follow deposition of firebrands and lead to ignition have received little attention until recently. While conventional methods of measuring temperature and heat flux provide bulk-averaged information regarding deposited firebrand piles, they fall short of elucidating essential information such as surface contact areas and heat feed-back mechanisms, that are necessary for understanding ignition propensity and developing high-fidelity physics-based models. This work describes the development and implementation of a spatially resolved optical technique for quantifying heat flux and thermal footprint of firebrand piles using laser induced phosphorescence of YAG:Dy. The technique involves coating the surface of a UVtransparent substrate with YAG:Dy phosphors to yield surface temperature. Heat flux is inferred through simultaneously measuring the top and bottom substrate surface temperatures after they are coated with a staggered grating pattern. An intensity ratio over two separate spectral regions of emission is used to calibrate the optical measurement system and infer temperature from 300 K - 1100 K over a 7 cm diameter interrogation area. The uncertainty in temperature and heat flux are discussed in detail. The spatial resolution of the temperature and heat flux measurements are 0.5 mm and 4 mm, respectively.
Download or read book Development of a Spatially Resolved Optical Technique to Measure Temperature Using Two photon Absorption of Xenon written by Natalie J. Bednar and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Using Directional Flame Thermometers for Measuring Thermal Exposure written by James T. Nakos and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 17 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the recommendations that came from the NIST investigation of the World Trade Center disaster was the need for quantitative heat flux measurements in larger scale fire safety tests. These heat flux data are needed to support the development of engineering models to predict the performance of fire protection materials and systems. Current standardized fire resistance tests such as ASTM E119 or ISO 834 or IMO A754 are all qualitative tests. The furnace temperature is controlled to a standard time-temperature curve. Implicit assumptions are made that (1) the thermal exposure can be described solely by the measured furnace temperature history and (2) that exposure will be repeatable. Historical variations of 50 % or more in the qualitative fire protection ratings, such as a 1 h fire barrier, between different furnaces or laboratories indicate that these two assumptions are not well founded. This paper describes the use of a proven type of sensor called a directional flame thermometer (DFT) for making quantitative heat flux measurements in fire resistance tests. DFTs have been used for over 20 years to characterize the thermal environment in both large pool fires and in furnaces, to monitor flashover in structure fires, and in many other fire environments. DFTs are passive thermocouple-based sensors. They do not require calibration. Instead, the designs and materials with known thermal properties are fixed to provide a repeatable response. Using inverse heat conduction analysis techniques, heat fluxes are calculated using a heat conduction model of the DFT with temperature-dependent thermal properties and two or more thermocouple temperature measurements in a DFT. A fully nonlinear inverse heat conduction code is used for detailed post-test data analysis. A new data analysis tool for DFTs, called an inverse heat conduction-digital filter functions (IHC-DFF) has been developed for specific DFT designs to provide heat flux measurements in real-time, much like a calibration curve. IHC-DFFs are convolution-type digital filters that are used to provide real-time heat flux readouts during a test or for a quick-look capability for large sets of data. Simpler models are also used for analyzing early (5-10 min) and late-time DFT data ( 15 min). The current work demonstrates that DFT measurements can provide the quantitative data needed to support the development of performance models and improve our understanding of the thermal exposure in fire resistance tests.
Download or read book Heat Flux Measurements and Their Uncertainty in a Large Scale Fire Test written by Cecilia S. Lam and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Heat flux data from a series of controlled experiments involving a 2 m diameter, wind-blown pool fire are examined to highlight the difficulties involved in conducting heat flux measurements in a realistic, large-scale, hydrocarbon-fueled fire. Data were taken at several locations along the ground near the fire. At each location, three different heat flux sensors were positioned together: a Gardon gage, a directional flame thermometer (DFT) and a Sandia heat flux gage (HFG). Methods were first developed to correct measured values of heat flux for the slight differences in gage location relative to the fire. The remaining discrepancies between the values of heat flux measured by the different gages were then used to highlight uncertainties in heat flux measurements due to differences in gage surface temperature, in gage thermal response to the inherent modes of heating involved in the large hydrocarbon fire environment, and in conduction losses from the gage sensor plates. The importance of these sources of discrepancy varied depending on the magnitude of the measured heat flux and on whether the gages were located in a radiation-dominated or mixed radiative-convective environment within the fire.
Download or read book Military Geography for Professionals and the Public written by John M. Collins and published by Potomac Books, Inc.. This book was released on 1998 with total page 462 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An examination of geography's critical effects on battles throughout the ages
Download or read book Telemorphosis written by Tom Cohen and published by . This book was released on 2020-10-09 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The writers in the volume ask, implicitly, how the 21st century horizons that exceed any political, economic, or conceptual models alters or redefines a series of key topoi. These range through figures of sexual difference, bioethics, care, species invasion, war, post-carbon thought, ecotechnics, time, and so on. As such, the volume is also a dossier on what metamorphoses await the legacies of -humanistic- thought in adapting to, or rethinking, the other materialities that impinge of contemporary -life as we know it.- With essays by Robert Markley, J. Hillis Miller, Bernard Stiegler, Justin Read, Timothy Clark, Claire Colebrook, Jason Groves, Joanna Zylinska, Catherine Malabou, Mike Hill, Martin McQuillan, Eduardo Cadava and Tom Cohen. This work was published by Saint Philip Street Press pursuant to a Creative Commons license permitting commercial use. All rights not granted by the work's license are retained by the author or authors.
Download or read book Capitalism in the Web of Life written by Jason W. Moore and published by Verso Books. This book was released on 2015-08-18 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Integrating both social and historical factors, this radical analysis of the development of capitalism reveals the ever-deepening relationship between capital and ecology Finance. Climate. Food. Work. How are the crises of the twenty-first century connected? In Capitalism in the Web of Life, Jason W. Moore argues that the sources of today’s global turbulence have a common cause: capitalism as a way of organizing nature, including human nature. Drawing on environmentalist, feminist, and Marxist thought, Moore offers a groundbreaking new synthesis: capitalism as a “world-ecology” of wealth, power, and nature. Capitalism’s greatest strength—and the source of its problems—is its capacity to create Cheap Natures: labor, food, energy, and raw materials. That capacity is now in question. Rethinking capitalism through the pulsing and renewing dialectic of humanity-in-nature, Moore takes readers on a journey from the rise of capitalism to the modern mosaic of crisis. Capitalism in the Web of Life shows how the critique of capitalism-in-nature—rather than capitalism and nature—is key to understanding our predicament, and to pursuing the politics of liberation in the century ahead.
Download or read book Learn Better written by Ulrich Boser and published by Rodale. This book was released on 2017-03-07 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For centuries, experts have argued that learning was about memorizing information: You're supposed to study facts, dates, and details, burn them into your memory, and then apply that knowledge at opportune times. But this approach to learning isn’t nearly enough for the world that we live in today, and in Learn Better journalist and education researcher Ulrich Boser demonstrates that how we learn can matter just as much as what we learn. In this brilliantly researched book, Boser maps out the new science of learning, showing how simple techniques like comprehension check-ins and making material personally relatable can help people gain expertise in dramatically better ways. He covers six key steps to help you “learn how to learn,” all illuminated with fascinating stories like how Jackson Pollock developed his unique painting style and why an ancient Japanese counting device allows kids to do math at superhuman speeds. Boser’s witty, engaging writing makes this book feel like a guilty pleasure, not homework. Learn Better will revolutionize the way students and society alike approach learning and makes the case that being smart is not an innate ability—learning is a skill everyone can master. With Boser as your guide, you will be able to fully capitalize on your brain’s remarkable ability to gain new skills and open up a whole new world of possibilities.
Download or read book The Adornment of the Middle Way written by Shantarakshita and published by Shambhala Publications. This book was released on 2010-02-09 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the Madhyamakalankara, Shantarakshita synthesized the views of Madhyamaka and Yogachara, the two great streams of Mahayana Buddhism. This was the last great philosophical development of Buddhist India. In his brilliant and searching commentary, Mipham re-presented Shantarakshita to a world that had largely forgotten him, defending his position and showing how it should be understood in relation to the teaching of Chandrakirti. To do this, he subtly reassessed the Svatantrika-Prasangika distinction, thereby clarifying and rehabilitating Yogachara-Madhyamaka as a bridge whereby the highest philosophical view on the sutra level flows naturally into the view of tantra. Mipham’s commentary has with reason been described as one of the most profound examinations of Madhyamaka ever written.
Download or read book Joseph Conrad and Popular Culture written by S. Donovan and published by Springer. This book was released on 2005-09-30 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This highly original study opens up a new dimension to Joseph Conrad by revealing his lifelong fascination with the popular culture of his day. Drawing on original archival materials and treating subjects as diverse as Bovril advertising, spirit photography, sea shanties, global tourism, and the new sport of speed-walking, it shows how Conrad's fiction makes a sustained response to early-twentieth-century popular culture and will be of interest to all students, scholars and enthusiasts of Conrad.
Download or read book Bodies and Voices written by Anna Rutherford and published by Rodopi. This book was released on 2008 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The articles investigate representations in literature, both by the colonizers and colonized. Many deal with the effect the dominant culture had on the self image of native inhabitants. They cover areas on all continents that were colonized by European countries.
Download or read book Shock Wave Boundary Layer Interactions written by Holger Babinsky and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2011-09-12 with total page 481 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Shock wave-boundary-layer interaction (SBLI) is a fundamental phenomenon in gas dynamics that is observed in many practical situations, ranging from transonic aircraft wings to hypersonic vehicles and engines. SBLIs have the potential to pose serious problems in a flowfield; hence they often prove to be a critical - or even design limiting - issue for many aerospace applications. This is the first book devoted solely to a comprehensive, state-of-the-art explanation of this phenomenon. It includes a description of the basic fluid mechanics of SBLIs plus contributions from leading international experts who share their insight into their physics and the impact they have in practical flow situations. This book is for practitioners and graduate students in aerodynamics who wish to familiarize themselves with all aspects of SBLI flows. It is a valuable resource for specialists because it compiles experimental, computational and theoretical knowledge in one place.
Download or read book Seeing with Different Eyes written by Patrick Curry and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2009-05-05 with total page 345 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seeing with Different Eyes: Essays in Astrology and Divination represents the cutting-edge of contemporary thought and research on divination. The thirteen authors come from a variety of academic disciplines, ranging from anthropology and classics to English literature and religious studies, and all address the question of divination, astrology and oracles in a spirit of critical but sympathetic inquiry. The emphasis is on a participatory and reflexive approach which is firmly post-positivist, seeking to understand the divinatory act on its own terms within widely varying contexts – ancient Greek and Chaldean philosophy and theurgy, Theravadan Buddhism, Biblical studies, Elizabethan Hermeticism, Jacobean drama, Heideggerian philosophy, Medieval scholasticism, 19th century occultism, contemporary Guatemalan divination and Western medical practice. The authors are all teachers or researchers in the area of divination and symbolism, which is a new disciplinary focus developing at the University of Kent, Canterbury under the aegis of the MA programme in the Cultural Study of Cosmology and Divination. The essays in this volume originally contributed to an international conference of the same name held there in April 2006.
Download or read book Forest Fire Research written by Universidade de Coimbra and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 355 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Mathematical Modelling in Engineering Human Behaviour 2018 written by Lucas Jódar and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2019-04-15 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book includes papers in cross-disciplinary applications of mathematical modelling: from medicine to linguistics, social problems, and more. Based on cutting-edge research, each chapter is focused on a different problem of modelling human behaviour or engineering problems at different levels. The reader would find this book to be a useful reference in identifying problems of interest in social, medicine and engineering sciences, and in developing mathematical models that could be used to successfully predict behaviours and obtain practical information for specialised practitioners. This book is a must-read for anyone interested in the new developments of applied mathematics in connection with epidemics, medical modelling, social issues, random differential equations and numerical methods.
Download or read book Anagram Solver written by Bloomsbury Publishing and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2009-01-01 with total page 719 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Anagram Solver is the essential guide to cracking all types of quiz and crossword featuring anagrams. Containing over 200,000 words and phrases, Anagram Solver includes plural noun forms, palindromes, idioms, first names and all parts of speech. Anagrams are grouped by the number of letters they contain with the letters set out in alphabetical order so that once the letters of an anagram are arranged alphabetically, finding the solution is as easy as locating the word in a dictionary.
