Download or read book Development of a Novel Method for the Analysis of Haloacetic Acids in Drinking Water written by Li Zhang and published by International Water Assn. This book was released on 2005-01-01 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The main objective of this research was to develop a new approach for HAA analysis that was accurate, reproducible, sufficiently sensitive, and relatively safe and simple to perform. This method involved the use a CE ion analyzer for separation and detection of HAAs. Preliminary results from our laboratory using distilled and deionized water spiked with HAAs indicated that this approach was capable of separating and detecting all nine chlorinated and brominated HAAs. The method detection limit (MDL) for monochloroacetic acid measured in our laboratory was 32 ppb using a bubble cell without any sample pretreatment (i.e. direct aqueous sample injection). Given this unacceptably high MDL, more work was needed to fully develop and test the CE-based method especially with regard to improving method sensitivity.

Download or read book Determination of Nine Haloacetic Acids in Finished Drinking Water written by Hossein Pourmoghaddas and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Method 552 3 determination of haloacetic acids and dalapon in drinking water by liquidliquid microextraction derivatization and gas chromatography with electron capture detection written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on with total page 55 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Method 552 written by J. W. Hodgeson and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Applying Post Column Reaction Ion Chromatography and Other Techniques to Analysis of Haloacetic Acids in Drinking Water and Sodium Hypochlorite Solutions written by Christina Michelle Henson and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Haloacetic acids (HAAs) are a class of chlorinated disinfection by-products produces during the chlorination of drinking water. HAAs have potentially adverse health effects and are regulated by the USEPA at a maximum contaminant level of 0.060 mg L-1. Post-column reaction-ion chromatography with nicotinamide fluorescence (PCR-IC) was developed for analysis of HAAs in drinking water. The PCR-IC analyzer has two forms of selectivity toward the HAAs, and originally had method detection limit (MDL) values between 1 - 10 µg L-1.A sequential injection analysis (SIA) module has been developed for fully automated preconcentration of HAAs prior to analysis by PCR-IC--the SIA-PCR-IC. Preconcentration is achieved by solid phase extraction with a resin designed for environmental analysis. Optimization of method parameters was carried out, along with detailed MDL, accuracy, precision, and linearity studies; individual MDL values were all less than 1 µg L-1. Side-by-side comparison studies of HAAs in real-world drinking water samples were also performed, comparing the optimized SIA-PCR-IC method with USEPA Method 552.3. Trace levels of HAAs detected in samples are reported, and bias values calculated between the two methods are less than 10 µg L-1 for eight of the nine individual HAAs.In addition to studies focused on their formation in drinking water, HAAs research has recently branched out to investigate their presence in hypochlorite solutions used for drinking water disinfection. In response to previous work resulting in the detection of HAAs in over 30 different samples of hypochlorite, the PCR-IC analyzer and USEPA 552.3 were utilized to develop and apply a model for determining the contribution of HAAs detected in hypochlorite to those measured in finished water--the Dose-Dilution Model. Application of this model to eight different utilities resulted in an average contribution of about 40%.In order to gain more knowledge about the behavior of HAAs detected in hypochlorite solutions, studies were developed to monitor their formation and stability using the PCR-IC; short- and long-term storage temperature conditions were varied, while monitoring HAAs. Results suggest that HAAs formation occurs immediately following hypochlorite generation, while degradation was observed over time at various rates depending on strength and storage temperature. .

Download or read book Determination of Haloacetic Acids in Drinking Water by Liquid liquid Extraction Derivatization and Gas Chromatography with Electron Capture Detection written by Jimmie W. Hodgeson and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Determination of Haloacetic Acids and Dalapon in Drinking Water by Ion exchange Liquid solid Extraction and Gas Chromatography with an Electron Capture Detector written by Jimmie W. Hodgeson and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Method Development Analysis and Modeling of Drinking Water Contaminants and Disinfection By Products written by Thomas Eugene Watts and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drinking water contaminants exist in many different forms and come from a variety of different natural or anthropogenic sources. Some of these drinking water contaminants can be harmful to human life due to their toxic nature. Due to their harmful nature many of these contaminants are regulated by the United States Environmental Protection Agency. Two types of these regulated contaminants include hexavalent chromium and disinfection by-products. With growing concerns about hexavalent chromium contaminating drinking water supplies a comprehensive study of hexavalent chromium sources were evaluated to determine if alternative sources of hexavalent chromium are contributing to drinking water contamination. The study evaluted the possibility that hexavalent chromium could be added unintentionally to drinking water via sodium hypochlorite solutions used to disinfect drinking water. The stability as well as the oxidation states of chromium was also explored. In addition, a new method for detecting trihalomethanes and haloacetic acids was achieved. This method allows for the detection of both classes of compounds in one chromatographic analysis at the ug L-1 level by the use of gas chromatography with electron capture detection and dimethyl sulfate chemistry. As an alternative to measuring trihalomethane concentrations in drinking water many water treatment plants rely on the use of empirical models. In an effort to improve the way in which these models are used by water treatment plants, a new way of calibrating these empirical models was created. These models were calibrated using the Trihalomethane Rapid Response unit and used to predict trihalomethane concentration over a year later within 2 ug L-1 of measured concentrations.

Download or read book Development of Exposure Assessment Methods for THM and HAA in Water Distribution Systems written by Jay Nuckols and published by American Water Works Association. This book was released on 2001 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chlorination is commonly used by water utilities in the United States and around the world for the disinfection of public water supplies. Over the last 25 years, epidemiological research has provided mounting evidence of a possible link between by-products of the chlorination process and the incidence of colorectal, bladder, and brain cancer. This volume resents the results of a study on exposure assessment methods for two of these disinfection by-products (DBPs)--trihalomethanes (THMs) and haloacetic acids (HAAs). The volume is not indexed. c. Book News Inc.

Download or read book Methodology for the Accurate Quantification of Nine Haloacetic Acids in Drinking Water and Application to Real Water Systems written by Katherine S. Brophy and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Method of Analysis at the U S Geological Survey California Water Science Center Sacramento Laboratory determination of Haloacetic Acid Formation Potential Method Validation and Quality control Practices written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Handbook of Water Analysis Third Edition written by Leo M.L. Nollet and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2013-07-29 with total page 999 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Extensively revised and updated, Handbook of Water Analysis, Third Edition provides current analytical techniques for detecting various compounds in water samples. Maintaining the detailed and accessible style of the previous editions, this third edition demonstrates water sampling and preservation methods by enumerating different ways to measure chemical and radiological characteristics. It gives step-by-step descriptions of separation, residue determination, and clean-up techniques. See What’s New in the Second Edition: Includes five new chapters covering ammonia, nitrates, nitrites, and petroleum hydrocarbons, as well as organoleptical and algal analysis methodology Compares older methods still frequently used with recently developed protocols, and examines future trends Features a new section regarding organoleptical analysis of water acknowledging that ultimately the consumers of drinking water have the final vote over its quality with respect to odor, flavor, and color The book covers the physical, chemical, and other relevant properties of various substances found in water. It then describes the sampling, cleanup, extraction, and derivatization procedures, and concludes with detection methods. Illustrated with procedure flow charts and schematics, the text includes numerous tables categorizing methods according to type of component, origin of the water sample, parameters and procedures used, and application range. With contributions from international experts, the book guides you through the entire scientific investigation starting with a sampling strategy designed to capture the real-world situation as closely as possible, and ending with an adequate chemometrical and statistical treatment of the acquired data. By organizing data into more than 300 tables, graphs, and charts, and supplementing the text with equations and illustrations, the editors distill a wealth of knowledge into a single accessible reference.

Download or read book Analyzing and Removing Haloacetic Acids in Drinking Water written by Haojiang Zhou and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Sci tech News written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Development of Analytical Methods Applied to NASA Water Recovery Technologies written by Jill Paulette Williamson and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Three separate analytical methods have been developed for application in the National Aeronautics and Space Administration’s water recovery initiatives on-orbit. Two methods have immediate impact to these initiatives while the third expands methodologies that are of interest to water quality monitoring. The first method has been developed for monitoring water disinfectants silver ion (Ag+) and iodine (I2), separately, using a single flow injection manifold. The estimated MDL values for Ag+ and I2 are 52 µg L–1 Ag+ and 2 µg L–1 I2; the mean percent recovery were 104% and 96.2% for Ag+ and I2 respectfully; and percent relative standard deviations were estimated at 1.4% for Ag+ and 5.7% for I2. Sample analysis was evaluated for each respective disinfectant and compared to the standard methods of detecting Ag+ or I2, atomic absorption spectroscopy and a spectrophotometric leuco crystal violet method, respectively. The bias estimates compared to the reference methods were 11.3 µg L–1 Ag+ and 27.3 µg L–1 I2, in the same order. The second method utilized Nafion membrane in a capillary membrane sampler (CMS) device for sampling calcium ion (Ca2+) from raw and pretreated (sulfuric or phosphoric acid and hexavalent chromium dosed) urine prior to electrochemical detection. After optimization, the MDL, accuracy and precision measurements gave estimates at 2 mg L–1 Ca2+, 77% and 2.8% respectively. Standard addition has been used to minimize matrix effects found during sampling analysis of raw and pretreated urine. These results were compared to an ion chromatography method and reported Ca2+ biases of 6.6 mg L–1 (raw) and –59.9 mg L–1 (sulfuric dosed) and –19.1 mg L–1 (phosphoric dosed). The third project focused on developing a liquid-liquid microextraction with preconcentration method for haloacetic acid (HAA) analysis prior to separation using capillary electrophoresis with internal standardization. This method reported MDL estimates of 1.7–9.5 µg L–1 for the nine most common HAAs, a major class of disinfection by-product in drinking water. The results from HAA analysis of commercial bottled water demonstrated bias estimates compared to post column reaction-ion chromatography for HAAs averaged -0.11 µg L–1.

Download or read book Method 552 3 written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Development Evaluation and Application of Protocols for the Analyses of Trihalomethanes and Haloacetic Acids in Potable Water written by Imran Janmohamed and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: