Download or read book Development of a Multi wall Virtual Environment and Implementation of Vehicle Model for a Driving Simulator written by Sumanth Raghavendra and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This thesis describes the construction of a low-cost, four-wall immersive driving simulator that can perform motions similar to a road vehicle. A driving simulation is a good example of applications that utilize a dynamic model in a simulated environment. Such simulations can be decomposed into a graphic model responsible for rendering a specific space-configuration of entities within a virtual world as well as a dynamic model responsible for determining the evolution of this configuration over time. This thesis attempts to address some important aspects of building these two models, with an emphasis on their cooperation. To build the simulator car this study concentrates on the integrative methods of evaluating a dynamic vehicle model. The virtual environment development is accomplished by using Level of Detail (LOD) application. The experiments prove that the designed simulator is adequate in performing some realistic vehicle effects as discussed in the thesis"--Abstract, leaf iii.
Download or read book Vehicle Simulation written by Alfred T. Lee and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-11-13 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers the problem of fidelity in the design of virtual environments with specific reference to the design of vehicle simulators. The default design goal has been on the physical replication of a given real-world environment and, in the case of vehicles, the specific appearance and function of vehicle components. This book discusses that perceptual, rather than physical, fidelity of a virtual environment, should be the design goal and the principal purpose is to produce human behavior. This book provides the rationale and design guidance to maximize perceptual fidelity in the development of virtual environments, and therefore maximize the costeffectiveness as well.
Download or read book Development and Testing of a Driving Simulator with a Multi wall Virtual Environment written by Krishna Reddy Nandanoor and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The purpose of the thesis work is to lay the framework for the development of a multiple screen driving simulator that can be applied to driving simulation based testing scenarios"--Abstract, leaf iii.
Download or read book Distributed Moving Base Driving Simulators written by Anders Andersson and published by Linköping University Electronic Press. This book was released on 2019-04-30 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Development of new functionality and smart systems for different types of vehicles is accelerating with the advent of new emerging technologies such as connected and autonomous vehicles. To ensure that these new systems and functions work as intended, flexible and credible evaluation tools are necessary. One example of this type of tool is a driving simulator, which can be used for testing new and existing vehicle concepts and driver support systems. When a driver in a driving simulator operates it in the same way as they would in actual traffic, you get a realistic evaluation of what you want to investigate. Two advantages of a driving simulator are (1.) that you can repeat the same situation several times over a short period of time, and (2.) you can study driver reactions during dangerous situations that could result in serious injuries if they occurred in the real world. An important component of a driving simulator is the vehicle model, i.e., the model that describes how the vehicle reacts to its surroundings and driver inputs. To increase the simulator realism or the computational performance, it is possible to divide the vehicle model into subsystems that run on different computers that are connected in a network. A subsystem can also be replaced with hardware using so-called hardware-in-the-loop simulation, and can then be connected to the rest of the vehicle model using a specified interface. The technique of dividing a model into smaller subsystems running on separate nodes that communicate through a network is called distributed simulation. This thesis investigates if and how a distributed simulator design might facilitate the maintenance and new development required for a driving simulator to be able to keep up with the increasing pace of vehicle development. For this purpose, three different distributed simulator solutions have been designed, built, and analyzed with the aim of constructing distributed simulators, including external hardware, where the simulation achieves the same degree of realism as with a traditional driving simulator. One of these simulator solutions has been used to create a parameterized powertrain model that can be configured to represent any of a number of different vehicles. Furthermore, the driver's driving task is combined with the powertrain model to monitor deviations. After the powertrain model was created, subsystems from a simulator solution and the powertrain model have been transferred to a Modelica environment. The goal is to create a framework for requirement testing that guarantees sufficient realism, also for a distributed driving simulation. The results show that the distributed simulators we have developed work well overall with satisfactory performance. It is important to manage the vehicle model and how it is connected to a distributed system. In the distributed driveline simulator setup, the network delays were so small that they could be ignored, i.e., they did not affect the driving experience. However, if one gradually increases the delays, a driver in the distributed simulator will change his/her behavior. The impact of communication latency on a distributed simulator also depends on the simulator application, where different usages of the simulator, i.e., different simulator studies, will have different demands. We believe that many simulator studies could be performed using a distributed setup. One issue is how modifications to the system affect the vehicle model and the desired behavior. This leads to the need for methodology for managing model requirements. In order to detect model deviations in the simulator environment, a monitoring aid has been implemented to help notify test managers when a model behaves strangely or is driven outside of its validated region. Since the availability of distributed laboratory equipment can be limited, the possibility of using Modelica (which is an equation-based and object-oriented programming language) for simulating subsystems is also examined. Implementation of the model in Modelica has also been extended with requirements management, and in this work a framework is proposed for automatically evaluating the model in a tool.
Download or read book Driving in Virtual Reality written by Björn Blissing and published by Linköping University Electronic Press. This book was released on 2020-09-02 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the last decades, there has been a substantial increase in the development of complex active safety systems for automotive vehicles. These systems need to be tested for verification and validation to ensure that the system intervenes in the correct situations using the correct measures. There are multiple methods available to perform such testing. Software-in-the-loop and hardware-in-the-loop testing offer effective driverless testing. Other methods increase the fidelity by including human drivers, such as driving simulators and experiments performed at test tracks. This thesis examines vehicle-in-the-loop testing, an innovative method where the driver of a real vehicle wears a head-mounted display that displays virtual targets. This method combines the benefits of driving simulators with the benefits of using a real vehicle on a test track. Driving simulators offer repeatability, safety, and the possibility of complex interactions between actors. In contrast, the real vehicle provides the correct vehicle dynamics and motion feedback. There is a need to know how the technology behind the method might influence the results from vehicle-in-the-loop testing. Two techniques for vehicle-in-the-loop systems are studied. The first involves video-see through head-mounted displays, where the focus of the research is on the effects of visual latency on driving behavior. The results show that lateral driving behavior changes with added latency, but longitudinal behavior appears unaffected. The second system uses an opaque head-mounted display in an entirely virtual world. The research shows that this solution changes speed perception and results in a significant degradation in performance of tasks dependent on visual acuity. This research presents results that are relevant to consider when developing vehicle-in-the-loop platforms. The results are also applicable when choosing scenarios for this test method. Dagens fordon innehåller fler och fler säkerhetssystem. Vissa av dessa system ger varningar i potentiellt kritiska trafiksituationer. Det finns också mer komplexa system som tillfälligt kan ta kontroll över fordonet för att förhindra en olycka eller åtminstone mildra effekterna. Komplexiteten hos dessa system innebär att man måste genomföra omfattande tester. Både för att se att systemen reagerar vid rätt tidpunkt, men också för att se att valet av åtgärd är korrekt. Det finns många olika sätt att testa dessa system. Man börjar vanligtvis med simuleringar av programvara och hårdvara. Därefter kan systemet introduceras i ett fordon för att se vilka effekter systemet har när det interagerar med en riktig förare. Att utföra tester med förare ställer dock höga säkerhetskrav, och det är ofta svårt att samordna komplexa trafiksituationer på en testbana. Traditionellt har körsimulatorer varit ett naturligt alternativ eftersom de kan utföra komplexa scenarier i en säker miljö. Denna avhandling undersöker en testmetod där man utrustar föraren med en virtual reality-display. Genom att presentera omvärlden med hjälp av virtual reality, så kan man genomföra scenarion som tidigare varit omöjliga på en testbana. Det kan dock finnas inbyggda begränsningar i virtual reality tekniken som kan påverka körbeteendet. Det är därför viktigt att hitta och kvantifiera dessa effekter för att kunna lita på resultaten från testmetoden. Att känna till dessa effekter på körbeteendet dessutom kan hjälpa till att avgöra vilka typer av scenarier som är lämpade för denna testmetod. Det är också viktig information för att avgöra var man bör fokusera den tekniska utvecklingen av testutrustningen.
Download or read book Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences written by Wade H. Shafer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences was first conceived, published, and disseminated by the Center for Information and Numerical Data Analysis and Synthesis (CINDAS)* at Purdue University in 1957, starting its coverage of theses with the academic year 1955. Beginning with Volume 13, the printing and dis semination phases of the activity were transferred to University Microfilms/Xerox of Ann Arbor, Michigan, with the thought that such an arrangement would be more beneficial to the academic and general scientific and technical community. After five years of this jOint undertaking we had concluded that it was in the interest of all concerned if the printing and distribution of the volumes were handled by an international publishing house to assure improved service and broader dissemination. Hence, starting with Volume 18, Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences has been disseminated on a worldwide basis by Plenum Publishing Corporation of New York, and in the same year the coverage was broadened to include Canadian universities. All back issues can also be ordered from Plenum. We have reported in Volume 40 (thesis year 1995) a total of 10,746 thesis titles from 19 Canadian and 144 United States universities. We are sure that this broader base for these titles reported will greatly enhance the value of this impor tant annual reference work. While Volume 40 reports theses submitted in 1995, on occasion, certain uni versities do report theses submitted in previous years but not reported at the time.
Download or read book Extensions for Distributed Moving Base Driving Simulators written by Anders Andersson and published by Linköping University Electronic Press. This book was released on 2017-03-30 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modern vehicles are complex systems. Different design stages for such a complex system include evaluation using models and submodels, hardware-in-the-loop systems and complete vehicles. Once a vehicle is delivered to the market evaluation continues by the public. One kind of tool that can be used during many stages of a vehicle lifecycle is driving simulators. The use of driving simulators with a human driver is commonly focused on driver behavior. In a high fidelity moving base driving simulator it is possible to provide realistic and repetitive driving situations using distinctive features such as: physical modelling of driven vehicle, a moving base, a physical cabin interface and an audio and visual representation of the driving environment. A desired but difficult goal to achieve using a moving base driving simulator is to have behavioral validity. In other words, A driver in a moving base driving simulator should have the same driving behavior as he or she would have during the same driving task in a real vehicle.". In this thesis the focus is on high fidelity moving base driving simulators. The main target is to improve the behavior validity or to maintain behavior validity while adding complexity to the simulator. One main assumption in this thesis is that systems closer to the final product provide better accuracy and are perceived better if properly integrated. Thus, the approach in this thesis is to try to ease incorporation of such systems using combinations of the methods hardware-in-the-loop and distributed simulation. Hardware-in-the-loop is a method where hardware is interfaced into a software controlled environment/simulation. Distributed simulation is a method where parts of a simulation at physically different locations are connected together. For some simulator laboratories distributed simulation is the only feasible option since some hardware cannot be moved in an easy way. Results presented in this thesis show that a complete vehicle or hardware-in-the-loop test laboratory can successfully be connected to a moving base driving simulator. Further, it is demonstrated that using a framework for distributed simulation eases communication and integration due to standardized interfaces. One identified potential problem is complexity in interface wrappers when integrating hardware-in-the-loop in a distributed simulation framework. From this aspect, it is important to consider the model design and the intersections between software and hardware models. Another important issue discussed is the increased delay in overhead time when using a framework for distributed simulation.
Download or read book Developments on a Virtual Environment System for Intelligent Vehicle Applications written by Coşku Kasnakoğlu and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the latest years there have been extensive advances in the field of intelligent vehicle systems and virtual environment simulation technology has played an important role in these advances, enabling researchers to design, develop and test new technologies utilizing computer-based test-beds, without the standard problems associated with real world testing. In this thesis, developments on the Ohio State University Virtual Environment System (OSU-VES) will be presented, which is one such system being developed at The Ohio State University since 1996. First, two main components of the system, which are the Virtual Environment Builder RoadEZ, and the Virtual Environment Simulator VESim, will be discussed in detail. We will present the implementation details of the automation of the environment generation process, including the inputting of the environment data; function fitting to road data; detection and handling of intersections and merges; interpolation, population and triangulation of road, terrain and vehicle path data; placement and editing of 3D objects; and data and configuration generation for virtual simulation. Next we will discuss the advances on the virtual environment simulation process, including key concepts such as modular structure, generic modules for decoupling of module algorithms from simulation interface, triggering events and event trigger modules. This will be followed by three applications of OSU-VES to demonstrate the usefulness and power of the system for intelligent vehicle research: Synchronization of virtual environment simulations with actual sensor data, development of an emergency driver assistance system called the Control Authority Transition (CAT) System, and the building of the environments and scenarios for a human factors research on driver distractions.
Download or read book Developing Virtual Reality Applications written by Alan B. Craig and published by Morgan Kaufmann. This book was released on 2009-06-02 with total page 399 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Virtual Reality systems enable organizations to cut costs and time, maintain financial and organizational control over the development process, digitally evaluate products before having them created, and allow for greater creative exploration. In this book, VR developers Alan Craig, William Sherman, and Jeffrey Will examine a comprehensive collection of current,unique, and foundational VR applications in a multitude of fields, such as business, science, medicine, art, entertainment, and public safety among others.An insider’s view of what works, what doesn’t work, and why, Developing Virtual Reality Applications explores core technical information and background theory as well as the evolution of key applications from their genesis to their most current form. Developmental techniques are cross-referenced between different applications linking information to describe overall VR trends and fundamental best practices. This synergy, coupled with the most up to date research being conducted, provides a hands-on guide for building applications, and an enhanced, panoramic view of VR development. Developing Virtual Reality Applications is an indispensable one-stop reference for anyone working in this burgeoning field. Dozens of detailed application descriptions provide practical ideas for VR development in ALL areas of interest! Development techniques are cross referenced between different application areas, providing fundamental best practices!
Download or read book Driving Simulation written by Hichem Arioui and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-12-02 with total page 133 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Passive and active safety systems (ABS, ESP, safety belts, airbags, etc.) represent a major advance in terms of safety in motoring. They are increasingly developed and installed in cars and are beginning to appear in twowheelers. It is clear that these systems have proven efficient, although there is no information about their actual operation by current users. The authors of this book present a state of the art on safety systems and assistance to driving and their two-wheeled counterparts. The main components constituting a driving simulator are described, followed by a classification of robotic architectures. Then, a literature review on driving simulators and two-wheeled vehicles is presented. The aim of the book is to point out the differences of perspectives between motor vehicles and motorcycles to identify relevant indicators to help in choosing the mechanical architecture of the motorcycle simulator and appropriate controls. Contents 1. Driving Simulation. 2. Architecture of Driving Simulators. 3. Dynamics of Two-Wheeled Vehicles. 4. Two-Wheeled Riding Simulator: From Design to Control.
Download or read book Evaluation of Automated Driving in a Virtual Environment written by Griffin J. Leisenring and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Automated vehicle testing in real-world driving scenarios is required for system development but may not always be able to be performed due to safety or other concerns. Testing scenarios can be replicated at a closed test track as an alternative to the real-world driving scenarios. While safer, the maneuvers performed may not be able to completely match those of the actual road. A simulated testing environment can be created to perform testing on a complete digital replica of the real-world roads. Scenes can be created to accurately match the real-world roads and surroundings. Simulated testing can be the first step in validating the automated driving functionality performance and safety for eventual implementation on a physical vehicle. The Ohio State University team in the Advanced Research Projects Agency - Energy (ARPA-E) Next-Generation Energy Technologies for Connected and Automated On-Road Vehicles (NEXTCAR) program is working on utilizing Level 4 automated driving technology to improve upon their energy saving and mobility benefits of a Plugin Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV) platform. A test route representative of real-world driving scenarios is selected to measure the increased energy efficiency of the system. The automated driving platform has additional limitations that must be taken into consideration when selecting a route for testing. To reach the point at which a simulation can occur, the autonomous driving platform being used must be configured properly and a model scene must be created for simulated maneuvers to be performed. This thesis covers the initialization steps for the automated driving platform, the creation of a digital replica for a selected test route, and the validation of automated driving features in the simulated environment. Multiple open-source autonomous vehicle platforms exist for interested teams to work with the systems that enable autonomous driving. The Robot Operating System (ROS) is utilized by Autoware to allow for easier communication between the different automated driving sensors and modules. Open-source software provides clear information about the structure of the system and how modifications can be made to different modules to produce desired energy saving results. Once the automated driving platform is properly set up, simulations are run. ROSBag playback consists of replaying the Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) point scan values for a given time window and testing accuracy of point cloud maps through localization. The SVL Simulator is used to test automated driving functionality using a virtual vehicle in a custom-made virtual environment. Corresponding point cloud and high-definition maps were created to provide necessary road and positioning information to Autoware. Various tools including OpenStreetMap, MathWorks RoadRunner, and the Unity game engine ease the process of creating a virtual replica of the real-world test route. With localization possible, additional automated driving functions were performed using Autoware's mission and motion planning modules.
Download or read book Honors Thesis written by Karan Durgesh Shah and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The primary way to test safety-critical driver vehicle systems is via driving simulators and this is particularly true for multi-vehicle Connected and Autonomous Vehicle (CAV) systems. Currently, it is difficult to implement a virtual reality environment to incorporate virtual traffic that can accurately identify and respond to a human-controlled virtual car. Moreover, the update time of the virtual traffic and human controlled car is often different between typical traffic-simulation software versus the software used to display driver situations within simulators, making it difficult to study the simulations simultaneously. To address these issues, this project enables two simulators based on two different software to interact with each other. The goal is to develop an algorithm to create a bridge between a virtual car simulator and a traffic simulator developed in AIMSUN such that both the simulators can interact with each other in a time-synchronized manner. Each simulator will be able to see the other simulator and react based on the input it receives. The goal of this thesis is to develop algorithms that will allow a simultaneous and smooth co simulation of these two simulators as described above. The thesis will focus on developing these algorithms, comparing them and analyzing their accuracy. This interaction will enhance the working of the simulators and provide a new dimension to virtual reality simulators.
Download or read book Perception and Action in Virtual Environments written by Curtis William Hammond and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Development and Evaluation of a Multi modal Virtual Environment for Emulating Product Interfaces written by Pi-Ming Cheng and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 474 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Development Of An Adaptive Driving Simulator written by Sarah Tudor and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Human testing was performed and through the use of a survey, feedback about the system was obtained. Changes were made to the simulator using the feedback obtained and further testing showed that those changes improved the simulator. The driving simulator showed the capability to provide dynamic feedback and, therefore, may be more realistic and beneficial than current static adaptive driving simulators. The dynamic adaptive driving simulator developed may improve driving training and performance of persons with spinal cord injuries. Future work will include more human testing. The dynamic feedback provided through the system's moving platform and virtual camera movement will be optimized in order to perform similarly to a real car. Testing will also be completed with and without the dynamics from the moving platform to see how this type of feedback affects the user's driving ability in the virtual environment.
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 602 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lists citations with abstracts for aerospace related reports obtained from world wide sources and announces documents that have recently been entered into the NASA Scientific and Technical Information Database.
Download or read book Proceedings of the ASME International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference 2005 written by American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Design Engineering Division Staff and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 620 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
