Download or read book Development of a Methodology to Delineate Hurricane Evacuation Zones written by Nandagopal Meduri and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Information for the Committee on Coastal Erosion Zones Management written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Modeling Hurricane Evacuation Traffic written by Haoqiang Fu and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Little attention has been given to estimating dynamic travel demand in transportation planning in the past. However, when factors influencing travel are changing significantly over time - such as with an approaching hurricane - dynamic demand and the resulting variation in traffic flow on the network become important. In this study, dynamic travel demand models for hurricane evacuation were developed with two methodologies: survival analysis and sequential choice model. Using survival analysis, the time before evacuation from a pending hurricane is modeled with those that do not evacuate considered as censored observations. A Cox proportional hazards regression model with time-dependent variables and a Piecewise Exponential model were estimated. In the sequential choice model, the decision to evacuate in the face of an oncoming hurricane is considered as a series of binary choices over time. A sequential logit model and a sequential complementary log-log model were developed. Each model is capable of predicting the probability of a household evacuating at each time period before hurricane landfall as a function of the household's socio-economic characteristics, the characteristics of the hurricane (such as distance to the storm), and policy decisions (such as the issuing of evacuation orders). Three datasets were used in this study. They were data from southwest Louisiana collected following Hurricane Andrew, data from South Carolina collected following Hurricane Floyd, and stated preference survey data collected from the New Orleans area. Based on the analysis, the sequential logit model was found to be the best alternative for modeling dynamic travel demand for hurricane evacuation. The sequential logit model produces predictions which are superior to those of the current evacuation participation rate models with response curves. Transfer of the sequential logit model estimated on the Floyd data to the Andrew data demonstrated that the sequential logit model is capable of estimating dynamic travel demand in a different environment than the one in which it was estimated with reasonable accuracy. However, more study is required on the transferability of models of this type, as well as the development of procedures that would allow the updating of transferred model parameters to better reflect local evacuation behavior.

Download or read book Transactions on Large Scale Data and Knowledge Centered Systems XXVII written by Abdelkader Hameurlain and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-09-03 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This, the 27th issue of Transactions on Large-Scale Data- and Knowledge-Centered Systems, contains extended and revised versions of 12 papers presented at the Big Data and Technology for Complex Urban Systems symposium, held in Kauai, HI, USA in January 2016. The papers explore the use of big data in complex urban systems in the areas of politics, society, commerce, tax, and emergency management.

Download or read book Development of a Time dependent Audio visual Stated Choice Method of Data Collection for Hurricane Evacuation Behavior written by Ravindra Gudishala and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Lower Southeast Florida Hurricane Evacuation Study written by Post, Buckley, Schuh & Jernigan, Inc and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Background: the lower southeast Florida region, comprised of Monroe, Dade, Broward and Palm Beach Counties, has been identified by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration as one of the most hurricane vulnerable areas of the United States. The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Jacksonville District, recognizing the need to identify and measure time components critical to the hurricane evacuation process, provided funding through its Flood Plain Management Services Program and leadership to accomplish this study. Funding assistance was also provided by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). Detailed technical study results are provided through this Technical Data Report. Implementation Reports will be developed subsequently by county civil defense officials with the assistance of the Jacksonville District, Corps of Engineers to provide a decision making guide for local county officials. Public information materials will then be developed by the South Florida and Treasure Coast Regional Planning Councils. Major technical work tasks were performed by Post, Buckley, Schuh & Jernigan, Inc. under contract to and under the guidance of, the Jacksonville District, Corps of Engineers.

Download or read book Managing Coastal Development Through the Coastal Zone Management and Flood Insurance Programs written by Gary Kamimura and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Development of a Time dependent Hurricane Evacuation Model for the New Orleans Area written by Chester G. Wilmot and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Hurricane Relocation Planning for Brazoria Galveston Harris Fort Bend and Chambers Counties written by Carlton E. Ruch and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This study of five Texas coastal counties provides data for decision making leading to regional coordination of evacuation before hurricanes. The data can also be used in specific county or city evacuation plans. Three methodologies are developed that can be used in other coastal areas as well. SLOSH (Sea, Lake and Overland Surges from Hurricanes) is one such method. The following information is presented to help in deciding how soon evacuation must begin in certain areas to safely evacuate residents before routes are cut off by winds or storm surge that accompanies hurricanes: (a) possible surge penetration for hurricanes of varying intensities; (b) critical places in the study area to indicate road cutoff times by hurricane type for both surge penetration and wind intensity (given in hours plus or minus anticipated time of storm center landfall); (c) hurricane-prone areas that probably should evacuate for most storms (these areas are divided into evacuation zones by county); (d) areas subject to surge intrusion only in extremely severe hurricanes (these areas are divided into contingency zones by county); and (e) the number of hours required to evacuate the residents of evacuation zones who indicated that they would evacuate if advised to, and the number of hours required to evacuate all persons from evacuation and contingency zones if hurricane winds exceed 130 m.p.h. Data are also supplied for the Freeport and Texas City levee systems and for Galveston Island, and data on shelter needs are provided. Information and cautions in using this report are addressed to the media. In addition, hurricane categories and words associated with hurricanes are defined"--Texas A & M University sea grant publication website (http://texasseagrant.org/publications/category/1981-publications/P15)

Download or read book Accessibility based Assessment and Modeling of Evacuations and Sheltering for Hurricanes and Pandemics written by Mahyar Ghorbanzadeh and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 139 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Every year, natural hazards such as hurricanes devastate entire regions, cause widespread major infrastructure damages (e.g., roadway/bridge closures, power outages, et cetera), and claim lives in the U.S. The State of Florida, which is surrounded by subtropical waters from three sides due to its unique geography, is one of the southern states significantly vulnerable to hurricanes. In recent years, hurricanes Hermine (2016), Irma (2017), and Michael (2018) have caused substantial damages to the infrastructure such as roadway and bridge closures and power outages in Florida. Many Floridians had to evacuate to safer locations under mandatory or voluntary evacuation orders before these hurricanes hit. Massive delays and major congestion on the evacuation routes made the problem even more challenging for the residents of affected regions as they needed to evacuate in a timely manner. In 2017, Hurricane Irma, a Category 4 hurricane, took on the entirety of Florida, causing the state's largest evacuation ever as 7 million residents fled the hurricane. Floridians fleeing the hurricane faced a unique challenge on where to go since Irma made an unusual landfall from the south, enveloping the entire state forcing evacuees to drive farther north, and creating traffic jams along Florida evacuation routes worse than any other hurricane in history. Therefore, there is no doubt that there is a need to extensively assess the spatiotemporal traffic impacts of hurricanes such as Irma on Florida's major highways based on the real-time traffic data before, during, and after the hurricane made landfall. Furthermore, due to hurricanes, many Floridian communities and specifically those along coastal areas are required to evacuate to safer places such as emergency shelters. Therefore, shelters in Florida play a pivotal role in meeting the needs of their communities and providing services to the public. Ensuring spatial accessibility to these facilities is essential. Providing accessibility has been even more challenging since these communities were hit by the COVID-19 pandemic during the hurricane season, thereby restricting shelter capacity due to social distancing requirements. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) also indicate that it is potentially hazardous to use congregate shelters. This capacity challenge can be addressed by the use of alternative non-congregate shelters (id est, lodging establishments such as hotels and motels). These are recommended by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) in order to protect public health and limit general population sheltering. In addition to hurricane shelters, rapid population growth, urbanization, and economic development have been creating other challenges in providing transportation-based accessibility to other critical facilities over the last decade. This is especially critical when we consider ensuring the transportation-based accessibility to essential facilities such as healthcare providers since these facilities provide important services to people. During a disaster such as the Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, this issue becomes more confounding since these facilities play crucial roles in helping their communities to better prepare and recover from this uncontrolled outbreak. For example, during the COVID-19 pandemic, a drastic increase in the number of coronavirus patients caused a shortage of healthcare resources such as Intensive Care Unit (ICU) beds and ventilators in the U.S. The high demands for these services led to a reduction in the efficiency of the entire healthcare system. This dissertation proposes several novel methodological approaches to help solve aforementioned problems with the following objectives: " to assess the spatial accessibility of different age groups to mental health facilities that offer mental and behavioral services to the people in the State of Florida." to assess accessibility of COVID-19 patients to healthcare providers in Florida." to assess the spatial accessibility of Northwest Florida communities to congregate and non-congregate shelters during a disaster such as the COVID-19 pandemic." to spatiotemporally analyze Hurricane Irma's traffic impacts on Florida's major highways (I-95, I-75, I-10, I-4, and turnpike) based on real-time traffic data before, during, and after the hurricane made landfall." to develop a methodology to integrate evacuation and storm surge modeling with a case study analysis of Hurricane Irma hitting Southeast Florida. Findings clearly showed that imperfect forecasts and the uncertainty surrounding Irma's predicted path resulted in high levels of congestion and severe delays on Florida's major evacuation routes. Moreover, the results revealed that many areas in the northwest and southern Florida have lower access to critical facilities such as shelters or healthcare facilities compared to other locations. The residents in central Florida (e.g., Tampa and Orlando cities) had the highest level of accessibility given their higher access ratios. In addition, the results indicated that people in coastal areas where a higher number of lodging facilities are located have better access. Considering the capacity of each facility shows that many areas in Northwest Florida have lower access to lodging establishments than emergency relief shelters

Download or read book Water Resources Development by the U S Army Corps of Engineers in Alabama written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Role of Social Science Research in Disaster Preparedness and Response written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science. Subcommittee on Research and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Hurricane Evacuation Modeling written by Kun Yang and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation describes a new computational framework to support hurricane evacuation order decision-making. The integrated scenario-based evacuation (ISE) framework explicitly captures the dynamics, uncertainty, and human-nature system interactions that are fundamental to the challenge of hurricane evacuations but have not been fully captured in previous formal evacuation models. The ISE framework recommendations offer an advance in the state-of-the-art because they: (a) are based on integrated hazard assessment, (b) explicitly balance the aims of minimizing risk and minimizing travel time, (c) offer a well-hedged solution that is robust under the range of ways the hurricane may evolve, and (d) leverage the substantial value of increasing information (or decreasing degree of uncertainty) over the course of a hurricane event. ☐ The ISE framework was developed by an interdisciplinary research team. The contributions of this dissertation specifically are summarized as follows. First, this dissertation introduces scenario-based hazard trees, a new tool that describes the resolution over time of uncertainty in impacts of a hurricane. The primary input is a scenario ensemble, commonly developed as part of a hurricane forecast. Repeated application of a linear integer program transforms the ensemble into a tree. The hazard trees provide a new dynamic way to characterize how uncertainty changes during the course of a hurricane, potentially useful information for emergency managers. The scenario tree that is an intermediate product of the method is a required input for the multi-stage stochastic programming evacuation model in the ISE framework. ☐ Second, three full-scale case studies of the ISE framework are conducted for the eastern half of North Carolina and Hurricane Isabel (2003) with the aim of improving understanding and management of hurricane evacuations. The first case study demonstrates the major benefits of the ISE framework after calibrating and improving the first version of it. Results suggest the multi-stage stochastic plans can efficiently reduce risk for severe scenarios without increasing travel time for scenarios that cause little impact. Emergency managers can run the framework once to generate adaptive plans that are robust for all possible scenarios. ☐ The second case study compares various evacuation decision approaches, including deterministic, robust, adaptive, and repeated planning. It provides new knowledge in dealing with hurricane development uncertainty and hurricane forecast uncertainty. Results indicate that robust, adaptive, and repeated planning should improve the performance of evacuation plan by reducing both number of people at risk and unnecessary evacuation orders and travel time. The magnitude of benefits depends on characteristics of a particular hurricane. ☐ The third case study analyzes the impacts of incorporating inland flooding on evacuation order recommendations and performance of evacuation plans. Results provide insight into managing hurricane evacuation with inclusion of inland flooding. Inland flooding can bring travel risk to evacuees from coastal zones, and the risk may be even higher than their stay-at-home risk. Therefore, incorporation of inland flooding in evacuation order decision-making may influence order issuance and timing in coastal regions. In addition, evacuations from inland zones can efficiently reduce total risk without substantial increase in total travel time since inland zones are close to safety.

Download or read book Hurricane Evacuation Modeling written by Lei Fang (Engineer) and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 119 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hurricane evacuation has attracted renewed emphasis since hurricane Katrina in 2005. Every coastal state is establishing their evacuation guidelines and searching new methods to improve evacuations. In this dissertation, first, hurricane evacuation of the Hampton Roads region of Virginia is investigated using large-scale regional mesoscopic traffic simulation models. Fourteen evacuation scenarios consisting of various combinations of storm categories and traffic control strategies are evaluated. The evaluation of scenarios provided information on the clearance time, average travel times, bottleneck locations, and congestion durations. The major findings from scenario evaluations include: (1) The differences in participation rates (100% versus 70%) did not impact the clearance times in a Category 1 storm evacuation, but have significant impact in a Category 3 storm evacuation, (2) The status (open or close) of a critical tunnel crossing, the Monitor-Merrimac Memorial Bridge-Tunnel did not have impact on the evacuation performance in Category 1 and 2 storm. However, opening the tunnel would improve the performance in a Category 3 storm, (3) The clearance times derived from simulations can be used to determine when to issue evacuation orders for various storm intensities, and (4) The bottleneck locations and durations identified for each evacuation scenario can be used to allocate the limited traffic monitoring equipment during an evacuation. The second focus of this dissertation is to investigate the impact of assumptions made regarding evacuee route choice on evacuation performance estimates. In the hurricane evacuation literature, very few studies have documented the realistic route choice behavior of evacuees during a hurricane. Due to this lack of realistic route choice behavior data, modelers make assumptions about the route choice behavior and traffic assignment. User-equilibrium traffic assignment has been extensively used in past evacuation studies. In this dissertation, realistic route choice behavior was determined by evaluating findings of a few published studies. The impact of route choice behavior on evacuation performance, especially travel times, is then investigated using the regional simulation model of the Hampton Roads region. The analysis found that the user-equilibrium traffic assignment significantly underestimates the travel times during an evacuation. The extent of underestimation of evacuation travel times depends on the total evacuation demand (a function of storm intensity), and the percent of evacuees willing to use en-route information to seek alternate routes when facing congestion. For the three en-route percentages reported in the literature i.e., 30%, 50%, and 70%, the UE travel times were 58%, 42%, and 33% lower than actual travel times realized in a Category 1; 94%, 71%, and 57% lower in a Category 2; and 90%, 69%, and 54% lower in a Category 3 evacuation. These findings illustrate the need to collect real-world data on evacuee route choice in order to build accurate evacuation models. The third focus of dissertation is to propose a procedure to assess the benefit of adding additional intermediate crossovers on a contra flow facility. Contra flow operation in which the direction of traffic on one or more travel lanes is reversed in order to increase the capacity of a road network is becoming a critical component of the evacuation plans of coastal states. Several coastal states have a contra flow plan in place for evacuation, however only a few states have intermediate crossovers between the origin and termination points. The impact of intermediate crossovers on network performance has not been well investigated in previous research. This dissertation investigates the benefits of having intermediate crossovers between regular and contra flow lanes. Based on the investigation, it can be concluded that adding intermediate crossovers did improve network performance for medium and high evacuation demand situations. Adding intermediate crossovers for low demand situations did not improve the network performance and thus any considerations for intermediate crossovers for the low demand evacuations must be based solely on providing access to road-side services (gas, food, and others). For high and medium demand situations and for the road network studied in this section, a 28% improvement in the average travel time was observed by deploying four intermediate crossovers out of the 44 potential crossover locations. The iterative elimination procedure proposed in this dissertation is the first attempt in the literature to provide a systematic approach to determine the critical intermediate crossover locations within reasonable computation times.

Download or read book Preparing for Hurricanes and Coastal Flooding written by and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The role of social science research in disaster preparedness and response hearing before the Subcommittee on Research Committee on Science House of Representatives One Hundred Ninth Congress first session November 10 2005 written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science. Subcommittee on Research and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2006 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Hurricane Evacuation written by Vinayak V. Dixit and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: