Download or read book Development of a Fluidized Bed Reactor for Biological Treatment of Perchlorate in Ion exchange Brine written by Arti Patel and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Development of Cultures Capable of Reducing Perchlorate and Nitrate in Ion Exchange Regenerant Brine written by Yu Cang and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Demonstration of a Full Scale Fluidized Bed Bioreactor for the Treatment of Perchlorate at Low Concentrations in Groundwater written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study demonstrated the treatment of low and high concentration levels of perchlorate laden groundwater to potable-like water using a biological fluidized bed reactor (FBR) treatment train. The objectives were to demonstrate: (1) complete treatment of nitrate and perchlorate to drinking water standards using a only a biological inoculum from the incoming groundwater and (2) the use of a downstream post aeration vessel, multimedia filter, and LGAC to produce a potable-like effluent water stream. For the study, the objectives were successfully demonstrated. Using only the groundwater, the FBR system was biologically seeded and demonstrated effective removal of the nitrate and perchlorate at the design loading conditions to meet the State of California Public Health Goal standards. In addition, the downstream equipment operated to produce an effluent water of potable quality, meeting all State of California primary and secondary MCL requirements established under Title 22.

Download or read book Membrane Biofilm Reactor Process for Nitrate and Perchlorate Removal written by S. Adham and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2005-04-30 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objectives of this project were to evaluate the performance of an innovative hydrogen-fed membrane biofilm reactor (MBfR) for nitrate and perchlorate removal, and identify the system operational and design parameters that affect the biological reduction process. The MBfR contained hollow-fiber membranes within a cylindrical module. Hydrogen was fed to the fibers filling the inside and passively diffusing through the membrane avoiding the formation of a hydrogen atmosphere and serving as an electron donor for the biofilm growing on the outside of the hollow fibers. The biofilm within the reactor was developed from the indigenous bacteria present in the groundwater and was not artificially inoculated or amended. Following the MBfR, an aeration process was employed to oxygenate the water in preparation for its introduction into a distribution system as a drinking water source. A subsequent media filter captured any sloughed biomass and provided a support for aerobic organisms to remove any residual dissolved hydrogen. Process Demonstration The MBfR process was demonstrated at pilot-scale to reduce perchlorate contaminated groundwater (55 ?g/L) to below the current 4 ?g/L California Department of Health Services (CaDHS) perchlorate action limit. The simultaneous removal of influent dissolved oxygen and nitrate to below detection limits was also observed. Their removal has been observed with the MBfR system operated at system flow rates corresponding to theoretical hydraulic residence times between 15 and 60 minutes. In addition, measured hydrogen consumption closely matches theoretical calculations based on stoichiometry and anaerobic biomass development. Microbial Ecology Bench-scale investigations into the microbial ecology of the mixed cultures in MBfRs revealed that perchlorate reducing bacteria (PCRB) were found to be present in a denitrifying system that had not been previously exposed to perchlorate. However, a dominant PCRB species increased from 14 to 21 percent of total bacteria when 100-?g/L perchlorate was added to the influent. Increasing perchlorate reduction led to further increases in the dominant PCBR and the perchlorate-removal capacity of MBfRs. Another important finding is that oxygen alone can serve as a primary acceptor for perchlorate reduction, and that the oxygen reduction appeared to be more favorable for perchlorate reduction than was nitrate reduction. Ultimately, full-scale application MBfR technology could effectively and economically be used to replace costly treatment technologies currently used by municipalities to treat perchlorate-contaminated drinking water sources. This research defined the critical parameters and operating conditions required for full-scale application and provided an extensive review of the critical water quality issues considered for drinking water by CaDHS and other state primacy agencies. In addition, this project has direct relevance to the application of biological treatment for the removal of nitrate (or other biologically reducible compounds) from contaminated groundwater. For a long time, biological denitrification has long been used in wastewater treatment, but not in drinking water treatment. Due to concerns about operating a biological process in a water treatment plant, nitrate removal in the United States has been largely limited to ion-exchange or membranes, both of which are expensive processes and can generate difficult to handle residuals. The results obtained in this study looked at simultaneous biological perchlorate removal and denitrification. Originally published by AwwaRF for its subscribers in 2004. This publication can be purchased and downloaded via Pay Per View on Water Intelligence Online - click on the Pay Per View icon below

Download or read book Bioreactor Systems for Treating Perchlorate Contaminated Water written by B. Logan and published by International Water Assn. This book was released on 2005-01-01 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of the project was to develop in the laboratory, and test in the field, a biological water treatment process for treating perchlorate-contaminated water. Bench- scale experiments were conducted on three processes: a packed bed reactor amended with soluble substrates (acetate); a hydrogen gas fed four-phase unsaturated trickle-type packed column; and a membrane-immobilized biofilm reactor. Based on these tests, one reactor system, an acetate-fed packed bed reactor (PSU-O4 system), was selected for further testing in pilot-plant tests at the Texas Street well field in Redlands, California. All three systems successfully removed perchlorate at rates sufficient to achieve an acceptable level of perchlorate removal for subsequent treatment for potable use. Pilot- scale tests at the Redlands site in California showed that perchlorate could be removed to non-detectable levels (

Download or read book Design and Operation of Novel Up flow Bioreactor for Microbial Perchlorate Removal written by Brian Hubbard and published by ProQuest. This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Perchlorate is a major groundwater contaminant that is derived mostly from anthropogenic activities. As more sensitive analytical techniques were developed, perchlorate was detected in groundwater throughout the United States. Due to the possibility of adverse health effects, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency recently set the perchlorate reference dose to 0.0007 mg/kg/day, which corresponds to a drinking water equivalent level of 24.5 ppb. In this research, a novel up-flow microbial reactor was constructed and operated to evaluate its effectiveness on the removal of high perchlorate concentrations in a synthetic wastewater containing acetate (600 mg/L) as the primary source of electrons. Batch kinetic tests were conducted to determine optimum flow rate for perchlorate removal. A flow rate of 150 mL/min sufficiently expanded bacteria matrices and provided the optimum perchlorate removal rate. A fluidized bed reactor (FBR), using granular activated carbon as attachment medium, was operated in parallel to compare the performance of the novel up-flow bioreactor to FBR process. In the fluidized bed reactor, twenty percent bed expansion was achieved at a flow rate of 780 mL/min. Batch perchlorate removal in both reactors followed first order kinetics and the first order removal rate constant for the up-flow reactor (k = -0.0654 min -1) was substantially higher than that of FBR (k = -0.0385 min -1). After batch-feed experiments, both up-flow bioreactor and FBR were modified for continuous treatment of synthetic wastewater containing 100 mg/L perchlorate and 600 mg/L acetate. The systems were operated at hydraulic retention times (HRT) of 22, 15, 11 and 6 hours and daily influent and effluent perchlorate concentrations were measured to determine removal efficiencies. Complete removal of perchlorate was achieved with both systems at HRT of 22, 15, and 11 hours. Significant breakthrough of perchlorate occurred at HRT of six hours in the up-flow bioreactor. Breakthrough also occurred at six hours HRT for the fluidized bed reactor, but the effluent perchlorate concentration was substantially lower than that from up-flow bioreactor. Our results show that the up-flow bioreactor, operating at 20% the flow rate of an FBR, achieves similar effluent perchlorate concentrations and is a more cost effective treatment alternative.

Download or read book Research and Development written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 1002 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Perchlorate written by Baohua Gu and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-07-02 with total page 413 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides a detailed description of perchlorate chemistry and recent advances in innovative remediation technologies for perchlorate contamination and their pros and cons Additionally, the first book to describe the natural occurrence of perchlorate and its unique isotopic signatures for environmental forensics and its detection in the environment, particularly the real-time analysis using surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy

Download or read book Monitored Natural Attenuation of Inorganic Contaminants in Ground Water written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: V.3 ... consists of individual chapters that describe 1) the conceptual background for radionuclides, including tritium, radon, strontium, technetium, uranium, iodine, radium, thorium, cesium, plutonium-americium and 2) data requirements to be met during site characterization.

Download or read book Fluid Bed Technology in Materials Processing written by C. K. Gupta and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1998-12-28 with total page 526 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fluid Bed Technology in Materials Processing comprehensively covers the various aspects of fluidization engineering and presents an elaborate examination of the applications in a multitude of materials processing techniques. This singular resource discusses: All the basic aspects of fluidization essential to understand and learn about various techniques The range of industrial applications Several examples in extraction and process metallurgy Fluidization in nuclear engineering and nuclear fuel cycle with numerous examples Innovative techniques and several advanced concepts of fluidization engineering, including use and applications in materials processing as well as environmental and bio-engineering Pros and cons of various fluidization equipment and specialty of their applications, including several examples Design aspects and modeling Topics related to distributors effects and flow regimes A separate chapter outlines the importance of fluidization engineering in high temperature processing, including an analysis of the fundamental concepts and applications of high temperature fluidized bed furnaces for several advanced materials processing techniques. Presenting information usually not available in a single source, Fluid Bed Technology in Materials Processing serves Fluidization engineers Practicing engineers in process metallurgy, mineral engineering, and chemical metallurgy Researchers in the field of chemical, metallurgical, nuclear, biological, environmental engineering Energy engineering professionals High temperature scientists and engineers Students and professionals who adopt modeling of fluidization in their venture for design and scale up

Download or read book Ion Exchange written by C E Harland and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2007-10-31 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ion Exchange, 2nd Edition is a totally revised and updated version of the highly popular Monograph for Teachers, first published by The Royal Society of Chemistry in 1975. It covers the practical application of ion exchange and the synthesis of organic ion exchange resins, which have spanned nearly 60 years of development since the pioneering work of Adams and Holmes in 1935. This book covers the theory, development, and application in considerable detail and describes the history of development of ion exchange materials and the advances in their utilization in industrial processes. Key applications in such areas as water purification, hydrometallurgy, and chromatography are described and supported by chapters on the related scientific fundamentals governing equilibria and kinetics of ion exchange. Twenty-two experiments using inexpensive equipment are detailed, which not only complement a chapter dedicated to the characterization of organic exchangers, but also serve to illustrate several other pure and applied principles related to ion exchange phenomena. It is anticipated that the unique inclusion of experiments and the broad coverage of the whole text should appeal to a wide readership and offer particular relevance to practitioners in schools, colleges, and industry.

Download or read book Innovative Wastewater Treatment Resource Recovery Technologies Impacts on Energy Economy and Environment written by Juan M. Lema and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2017-06-15 with total page 690 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book introduces the 3R concept applied to wastewater treatment and resource recovery under a double perspective. Firstly, it deals with innovative technologies leading to: Reducing energy requirements, space and impacts; Reusing water and sludge of sufficient quality; and Recovering resources such as energy, nutrients, metals and chemicals, including biopolymers. Besides targeting effective C,N&P removal, other issues such as organic micropollutants, gases and odours emissions are considered. Most of the technologies analysed have been tested at pilot- or at full-scale. Tools and methods for their Economic, Environmental, Legal and Social impact assessment are described. The 3R concept is also applied to Innovative Processes design, considering different levels of innovation: Retrofitting, where novel units are included in more conventional processes; Re-Thinking, which implies a substantial flowsheet modification; and Re-Imagining, with completely new conceptions. Tools are presented for Modelling, Optimising and Selecting the most suitable plant layout for each particular scenario from a holistic technical, economic and environmental point of view.

Download or read book Perchlorate in the Environment written by Edward Todd Urbansky and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on a symposium sponsored by the Environmental Division of the American Chemical Society, Perchlorate in the Environment is the first comprehensive book to address perchlorate as a potable water contaminant. The two main topics are: analytical chemistry (focusing on ion chromatography and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry), and treatment or remediation. Also included are topics such as ion exchange, phytoremediation, bacterial reduction of perchlorate, bioreactors, and in situ bioremediation. To provide complete coverage, background chapters on fundamental chemistry, toxicology, and reulatory issues are also included. The authors are environmental consultants, government researchers, industry experts, and university professors from a wide array of disciplines.

Download or read book Minewater Treatment written by Melanie Brown and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2002-03-31 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Part of Groundwater Set - Buy all six books and save over 30% on buying separately! Biffaward Winner 2002 The Clean Rivers Trust has fought off stiff competition to become the Research and Development - Technology Category winner at the Biffaward Awards 2002, with its project "Technology Analysis of Acid Mine Drainage Treatment Methods". Minewater Treatment - Technology, Application and Policy, was produced based on the findings of the research to aid in the selection, design and implementation of the most appropriate treatment techniques for particular minewater discharges. Much work has been carried out in recent decades concerning minewater treatment, both in the UK and worldwide. Many different bodies and organizations are involved in developing minewater treatment processes and schemes. Minewater Treatment addresses the need for a single source of state-of-the-art information that draws all the latest research material together. Key features of the book include: a full literature review of minewater treatment throughout the world an overview of relevant legislation and policy in a global context a review of currently available methods for treating minewater worldwide a site specific inventory of minewater treatment schemes within the UK, including compilation of available monitoring data and assessment of performance a review of emerging and innovative minewater treatment technologies and consideration of related academic research within the UK a comprehensive list of active and innovative minewater treatment technologies that are not currently compiled in a book or other review publication a detailed summary and recommendations section assessing the applicability, efficiency and cost-effectiveness of minewater treatment schemes Relevant scientific subject matter is presented in a concise, easily accessible manner to assist with the objective assessment of the progress made to date. Heavily illustrated with many colour photographs, the book allows best use to be made of the collective experience of minewater treatment practitioners throughout the UK, whilst at the same time placing the UK experience within a global context. An invaluable reference work for mining companies, consultants, planning officers, environmental research scientists, environmental agencies, water utilities and regulatory bodies, Minewater Treatment is a definitive source of information on minewater treatment technologies and will help facilitate the selection of the most appropriate technique required to tackle particular minewater discharge problems. Contents The minewater problem Treatment options Existing sites in the UK: Case studies Existing sites in the UK: Site summaries Summary & conclusions

Download or read book Advanced Oxidation Processes for Water Treatment written by Mihaela I. Stefan and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2017-09-15 with total page 712 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) rely on the efficient generation of reactive radical species and are increasingly attractive options for water remediation from a wide variety of organic micropollutants of human health and/or environmental concern. Advanced Oxidation Processes for Water Treatment covers the key advanced oxidation processes developed for chemical contaminant destruction in polluted water sources, some of which have been implemented successfully at water treatment plants around the world. The book is structured in two sections; the first part is dedicated to the most relevant AOPs, whereas the topics covered in the second section include the photochemistry of chemical contaminants in the aquatic environment, advanced water treatment for water reuse, implementation of advanced treatment processes for drinking water production at a state-of-the art water treatment plant in Europe, advanced treatment of municipal and industrial wastewater, and green technologies for water remediation. The advanced oxidation processes discussed in the book cover the following aspects: - Process principles including the most recent scientific findings and interpretation. - Classes of compounds suitable to AOP treatment and examples of reaction mechanisms. - Chemical and photochemical degradation kinetics and modelling. - Water quality impact on process performance and practical considerations on process parameter selection criteria. - Process limitations and byproduct formation and strategies to mitigate any potential adverse effects on the treated water quality. - AOP equipment design and economics considerations. - Research studies and outcomes. - Case studies relevant to process implementation to water treatment. - Commercial applications. - Future research needs. Advanced Oxidation Processes for Water Treatment presents the most recent scientific and technological achievements in process understanding and implementation, and addresses to anyone interested in water remediation, including water industry professionals, consulting engineers, regulators, academics, students. Editor: Mihaela I. Stefan - Trojan Technologies - Canada

Download or read book The MBR Book written by Simon Judd and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2011-04-18 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The MBR Book

Download or read book Phytoremediation written by Steven C. McCutcheon and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2004-04-05 with total page 1019 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Phytormediation is an exciting new method for controlling and cleaning up hazardous wastes using green plants. This book is the first to compile the state of the science and engineering arts in this rapidly advancing field. Phytormediation: Approaches the subject from the perspectives of biochemistry, genetics, toxicology, and pathway analysis. Is written by two of the premier experts in the field.