Download or read book Development of a Design Guideline for Pile Foundations Subjected to Liquefaction Induced Lateral Spreading written by and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Extensive loss of stiffness and strength in liquefied soils can cause large ground deformations during strong earthquake shaking. One of the major sources of damage in pile foundations in liquefied soil is the excessive deformation due to lateral spreading. Pile-supported wharves subjected to earthquake motions are expected to accommodate inertial loads imposed at pile head from the superstructure as well as the kinematic loads imposed on piles from the lateral ground deformations. Current design codes significantly vary on how to combine inertia and kinematic demands. Recent research on soil-foundation-structure interaction suffers from lack of experiment-based data. There is a serious need to fill the knowledge gap and help designers to better evaluate risk and design cost-effective pile foundations. In this research, the interaction of inertial and kinematic demands is investigated using data from five well-instrumented centrifuge tests on pile-supported wharves. The observations from these tests were used to investigate the time- and depth-dependent nature of kinematic and inertial demands on the deep foundations during earthquake loading. The test results were analyzed to provide the relative contributions of peak inertial loads and peak soil displacements during critical cycles, and the data revealed the depth-dependency of these factors. The results were used to refine existing guidelines for design of pile-supported wharves subjected to foundation deformations. The observations from centrifuge tests were then used to evaluate the accuracy of the equivalent static analysis (ESA) procedure using p-y models for the design of pile-supported wharves subjected to lateral ground deformations during earthquake loading. The piles in these centrifuge tests were subjected to the combined effects of wharf deck inertial loads and ground deformations. The experiments included soil properties ranging from nonliquefiable to fully liquefied cases which provided a wide range of conditions against which the ESA method could be evaluated. Finally, a nonlinear dynamic model of a pile-supported wharf was created and calibrated using recorded data from a centrifuge test. The objective of the numerical modeling was to create a calibrated numerical model that captures key responses of the wharf and the soil in order to be used in subsequent studies that are too costly and time-consuming to do using physical modeling. The calibrated numerical model was then used in an incremental dynamic analysis to evaluate the effects of ground motion duration on the dynamic response of a pile-supported wharf subjected to liquefaction-induced lateral ground deformations. The analysis results provided insights on the relative contribution of inertial and kinematic demands on the response of the wharf with respect to motion duration.

Download or read book Development of a Design Guideline for Bridge Pile Foundations Subjected to Liquefaction Induced Lateral Spreading written by and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 119 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Effective-stress nonlinear dynamic analyses (NDA) were performed for piles in liquefiable sloped ground to assess how inertia and liquefaction-induced lateral spreading combine in long-duration vs. short-duration earthquakes. A parametric study was performed using input motions from subduction and crustal earthquakes covering a wide range of earthquake durations. The NDA results were used to evaluate the accuracy of the equivalent static analysis (ESA) recommended by Caltrans/ODOT for estimating pile demands. Finally, the NDA results were used to develop new ESA methods to combine inertial and lateral spreading loads for estimating elastic and inelastic pile demands.

Download or read book Design of Pile Foundations in Liquefiable Soils written by Gopal Madabhushi and published by Imperial College Press. This book was released on 2010 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pile foundations are the most common form of deep foundations that are used both onshore and offshore to transfer large superstructural loads into competent soil strata. This book provides many case histories of failure of pile foundations due to earthquake loading and soil liquefaction. Based on the observed case histories, the possible mechanisms of failure of the pile foundations are postulated. The book also deals with the additional loading attracted by piles in liquefiable soils due to lateral spreading of sloping ground. Recent research at Cambridge forms the backbone of this book with the design methodologies being developed directly based on quantified centrifuge test results and numerical analysis. The book provides designers and practicing civil engineers with a sound knowledge of pile behaviour in liquefiable soils and easy-to-use methods to design pile foundations in seismic regions. For graduate students and researchers, it brings together the latest research findings on pile foundations in a way that is relevant to geotechnical practice. Sample Chapter(s). Foreword (85 KB). Chapter 1: Performance of Pile Foundations (4,832 KB). Contents: Performance of Pile Foundations; Inertial and Kinematic Loading; Accounting for Axial Loading in Level Ground; Lateral Spreading of Sloping Ground; Axial Loading on Piles in Laterally Spreading Ground; Design Examples. Readership: Researchers, academics, designers and graduate students in earthquake engineering, civil engineering and ocean/coastal engineering.

Download or read book Analysis and Design for Inelastic Structural Response of Extended Pile Shaft Foundations in Laterally Spreading Ground During Earthquakes written by Arash Khosravifar and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Experiences from past earthquakes have shown that lateral spreading associated with liquefaction of cohesionless soils can be a cause of severe damage to bridge foundations. Large diameter extended pile shafts can be an effective bridge foundation choice for areas subjected to lateral spreading because they offer greater stiffness and strength relative to the magnitude of lateral spreading loads that can develop against them. A limited degree of plastic hinging below the ground surface may be allowable in design of extended pile shafts. Issues for design for extended pile shafts include: (a) how to estimate the demands due to superstructure inertia and lateral spreading in liquefied soils, and (b) how to combine these two loads in estimating the local and global inelastic demands on the structure. Studies of the response of pile foundations and pile-supported structures in liquefiable soils using physical models, numerical models, and case studies have provided the basis for a number of design recommendations. The guidance is, however, quite varied regarding how lateral spreading and superstructure inertial loads should be combined in design. To answer the above questions a series of Nonlinear Dynamic Finite Element Analyses (NDA) have been performed to investigate inelastic response of extended pile shafts subjected to liquefaction-induced lateral spreading, covering a range of soil, pile, and ground motion conditions. The results of NDA were first used to show that combined effects of lateral spreading and superstructure inertia produce larger demands than are produced by either loading case alone, such that the combined demand cannot be enveloped by analyzing the two load cases separately. The results were then used to evaluate current equivalent static analysis (ESA) method (Caltrans, 2008), with the relatively poor agreement illustrating the limitations of methods that do not combine the two loads. The results of NDA parametric study were then used to develop and calibrate an ESA procedure. The ESA procedure addresses both the nonliquefaction and liquefaction cases, and includes criteria that identify conditions which tend to produce excessive demands or collapse conditions. Finally, a series of three-dimensional (3D) Nonlinear Dynamic Finite Element Analyses (NDA) were performed to examine inelastic behavior of large diameter extended pile shafts subjected to earthquake shaking and liquefaction-induced lateral spreading. The purpose of these analyses was to evaluate the differences between 2D and 3D simulations, understand the source of any differences, and evaluate whether those differences would affect design recommendations for Equivalent Static Analysis (ESA).

Download or read book Liquefaction induced Lateral Spreading and Its Effects on Pile Foundations written by Liangcai He and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 886 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Seismic Performance and Simulation of Pile Foundations in Liquefied and Laterally Spreading Ground written by Ross W. Boulanger and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proceedings of a workshop on Seismic Performance and Simulation of Pile Foundations in Liquefied and Laterally Spreading Ground, held in Davis, California, March 16-18, 2005. Sponsored by the Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center; University of California at Berkeley; Center for Urban Earthquake Engineering; Tokyo Institute of Technology; Geo-Institute of ASCE. This collection contains 25 papers that discuss physical measurements and observations from earthquake case histories, field tests in blast-liquefied ground, dynamic centrifuge model studies, and large-scale shaking table studies. Papers contain recent findings on fundamental soil-pile interaction mechanisms, numerical analysis methods, and reviews and evaluations of existing and emerging design methodologies. This proceeding provides comprehensive coverage of a major issue in earthquake engineering practice and hazard mitigation efforts.

Download or read book Lateral Spreading Effects on Pile Foundations written by Ahmed Amr Ebeido and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 485 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Current techniques for assessing the effects of liquefaction-induced lateral spreading on pile foundations are based on simplified analytical methods that potentially lead to estimates that vary within a wide range. This might lead to potential excessive design demands, with high expenses for pre-event mitigation. Conversely, underestimated design demands might lead to costly post-event damage remediation. The conducted study is directed towards enhancements to the assessment of liquefaction induced lateral spreading effects on bridge foundation systems. Current simplified analysis techniques have been only been developed recently in preliminary form. In addition, quantitative data sets from large-scale experimentation are needed concerning the response of such ground-foundation scenarios. An effort was undertaken to address the simplified method areas of applicability and potential for enhancements. Challenges in implementing the methodology are presented within a comparative scope contrasting results of a California bridge site from different studies. On this basis, insights are derived for improvement of the currently employed simplified analysis guidelines. Furthermore, large scale shake table testing was performed on pile foundation-ground systems, under conditions of liquefaction-induced lateral spreading. A total of 7 different experiments were conducted with varying heights, ground inclination, soil profiles, pile material and cross-section. The tested models were densely instrumented, including strain gauges, total pressure and excess pore-pressure sensors, accelerometers and displacement pots. In addition, data from 4 different experiments conducted in the NIED Japan shake table facility, including single piles and pile groups and varying soil profiles were utilized to provide additional insights and characteristics. In these tests, the laminar soil container was placed in a mildly-inclined configuration to allow for accumulation of the liquefaction-induced lateral deformations. Detailed instrumentation and data interpretation procedures enable measurement of the fundamental soil-pile interaction behavior. The loading mechanisms have large cyclic components that may act in-phase or out-of-phase along the pile embedded length. The conducted heavily instrumented tests resulted in a wealth of quantitative response data sets, to be used for: i) drawing insights and recommendations of practical significance based directly on the observed response, ii) calibration of simplified and more elaborate computational analysis tools, and iii) enhancement of our design guidelines and practical assessment procedures. Monotonic pushover analysis based on newly derived p-y curves in this study is found to provide useful design estimates in good agreement with the observed experimental results.

Download or read book State of the Art and Practice in the Assessment of Earthquake Induced Soil Liquefaction and Its Consequences written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by . This book was released on 2019-01-30 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Earthquake-induced soil liquefaction (liquefaction) is a leading cause of earthquake damage worldwide. Liquefaction is often described in the literature as the phenomena of seismic generation of excess porewater pressures and consequent softening of granular soils. Many regions in the United States have been witness to liquefaction and its consequences, not just those in the west that people associate with earthquake hazards. Past damage and destruction caused by liquefaction underline the importance of accurate assessments of where liquefaction is likely and of what the consequences of liquefaction may be. Such assessments are needed to protect life and safety and to mitigate economic, environmental, and societal impacts of liquefaction in a cost-effective manner. Assessment methods exist, but methods to assess the potential for liquefaction triggering are more mature than are those to predict liquefaction consequences, and the earthquake engineering community wrestles with the differences among the various assessment methods for both liquefaction triggering and consequences. State of the Art and Practice in the Assessment of Earthquake-Induced Soil Liquefaction and Its Consequences evaluates these various methods, focusing on those developed within the past 20 years, and recommends strategies to minimize uncertainties in the short term and to develop improved methods to assess liquefaction and its consequences in the long term. This report represents a first attempt within the geotechnical earthquake engineering community to consider, in such a manner, the various methods to assess liquefaction consequences.

Download or read book Effects of Liquefaction induced Lateral Spreading on Pile Foundations written by John Charles Horne and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 742 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Design Guidelines for Increasing the Lateral Resistance of Highway Bridge Pile Foundations by Improving Weak Soils written by Kyle M. Rollins and published by Transportation Research Board. This book was released on 2011 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Report 697: Design Guidelines for Increasing the Lateral Resistance of Highway-Bridge Pile Foundations by Improving Weak Soils examines guidance for strengthening of soils to resist lateral forces on bridge pile foundations.

Download or read book Earthquake Geotechnical Engineering for Protection and Development of Environment and Constructions written by Francesco Silvestri and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-07-19 with total page 8083 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Earthquake Geotechnical Engineering for Protection and Development of Environment and Constructions contains invited, keynote and theme lectures and regular papers presented at the 7th International Conference on Earthquake Geotechnical Engineering (Rome, Italy, 17-20 June 2019. The contributions deal with recent developments and advancements as well as case histories, field monitoring, experimental characterization, physical and analytical modelling, and applications related to the variety of environmental phenomena induced by earthquakes in soils and their effects on engineered systems interacting with them. The book is divided in the sections below: Invited papers Keynote papers Theme lectures Special Session on Large Scale Testing Special Session on Liquefact Projects Special Session on Lessons learned from recent earthquakes Special Session on the Central Italy earthquake Regular papers Earthquake Geotechnical Engineering for Protection and Development of Environment and Constructions provides a significant up-to-date collection of recent experiences and developments, and aims at engineers, geologists and seismologists, consultants, public and private contractors, local national and international authorities, and to all those involved in research and practice related to Earthquake Geotechnical Engineering.

Download or read book Pile Response to Liquefaction induced Lateral Spread written by Wolfgang Daniel Meyersohn and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Advanced Design of Pile Foundations Under Lateral Loading written by Wei Dong Guo and published by . This book was released on 2024 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This book presents models that capture the nonlinear response of piles subjected to lateral forces. Utilising a consistent approach encompassing new mathematical models, it offers solutions presented as closed-form expressions and underpinned by the same set of 3-5 measurable soil-input parameters. These focus on nonlinear response of mono piles, anchored piles, pile groups, and torsional piles, as well as passive piles subjected to soil movement induced in shearing, sliding slopes or excavation, and earthquake shaking. The models can also be used for pipelines and similar beam structures. The book is ideal for practising foundation engineers and students at graduate level"--

Download or read book Design of Pile Foundations written by US Army Corps of Engineers and published by . This book was released on 2005-01-01 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This manual provides information, foundation exploration and testing procedures, load test methods, analysis techniques, allowable criteria, design procedures, and construction consideration for the selection, design, and installation of pile foundations. The guidance is based on the present state of the technology for pile-soil-structure-foundation interaction behavior. This manual provides design guidance intended specifically for the geotechnical and structural engineer but also provides essential information for others interested in pile foundations such as the construction engineer in understanding construction techniques related to pile behavior during installation. Since the understanding of the physical causes of pile foundation behavior is actively expanding by better definition through ongoing research, prototype, model pile, and pile group testing and development of more refined analytical models, this manual is intended to provide examples and procedures of what has been proven successful. This is not the last nor final word on the state of the art for this technology. We expect, as further practical design and installation procedures are developed from the expansion of this technology, that these updates will be issued as changes to this manual.

Download or read book Pile Design and Construction Practice written by Willis H. Thomas and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2007-12-06 with total page 566 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This international handbook is essential for geotechnical engineers and engineering geologists responsible for designing and constructing piled foundations. It explains general principles and practice and details current types of pile, piling equipment and methods. It includes calculations of the resistance of piles to compressive loads, pile group

Download or read book Response of Pile Foundations Due to Lateral Force and Soil Movements written by Hongyu Qin and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 942 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract : This research has investigated the response of pile foundations subjected to lateral force applied directly to pile head and loadings arising from lateral soil movements of the surrounding ground. The behaviour of pile foundations subjected to lateral soil movements was studied through physical modelling with a specially designed testing apparatus. Laboratory experiments have been undertaken on a single pile embedded in progressive moving sand. A triangular loading block was used in the model tests to induce a progressive soil movement profile. Apart from eight general tests, sixteen tests were conducted on a single pile to examine the effects of the distance between the source where soil movements were induced and the pile location, the magnitude of axial load applied at pile head, the variation of loading block angle, varying combination of sliding and stable layer depths, and pile diameter on the responses of piles. The results of previously conducted pile tests with a uniform soil movement profile were compared with those of the current tests to examine the effect of soil movement profiles on the pile behaviour. Simple solutions were proposed for predicting the pile responses. They provided good estimate of the development of maximum bending moment and maximum shear force in the piles with soil movement. Importantly, the maximum bending moments induced by the soil movements were found to be linearly related to the maximum shear forces (sliding thrust), independent of the magnitude and depth of soil movement and soil movement profiles. Experiments have also been conducted on pile groups in progressive moving sand, including various pile group configurations and spacing. Both free-head and cappedhead fixity conditions have been considered. The findings show that the resistances of the piles to lateral soil movements significantly rely on their locations in a group, especially for piles arranged in a line parallel to the soil movement direction. The results of the pile group tests were compared with those of the single pile tests. Group factors were defined in terms of maximum bending moment and modulus of subgrade reaction to quantify the impact of group effect. The simple solutions developed were extended for predicting the response of individual piles in a group with soil movement. The static and cyclic responses of laterally loaded piles in cohesionless soils have been investigated as well. Guideline for estimating the design parameters for laterally loaded rigid piles in cohesionless soils were provided from extensive back calculation of measured responses of fifty-one pile tests. The elastic-plastic solutions presented by Guo (2008) were used in the back calculation. Simple expressions were presented for estimating the parameters used in the solutions. The reliability of the back calculation, the effects of the ratio of loading eccentricity to pile embedded length on the nonlinear pile response and lateral load capacity were investigated. Additionally, the apparatus was modified to apply cyclic lateral loading, with which a series of model tests were conducted on piles in dry sand under static and cyclic loadings. Analyses of the test results show that the cyclic load level has a greater impact on the pile behaviour than the number of cycles. It is noted that the gradient of the limiting force profile will decrease and the modulus of subgrade reaction will increase, after a number of unloading and reloading cycles. The induced maximum bending moment can be estimated from the applied lateral load, eccentricity of the load, and the depth at which the maximum bending moment occurs.

Download or read book Seismic Design and Performance written by T.G. Sitharam and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-03-26 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents select papers presented at the 7th International Conference on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics. The papers discuss advances in the fields of soil dynamics and geotechnical earthquake engineering. Some of the themes include seismic design of deep & shallow foundations, soil structure interaction under dynamic loading, marine structures, etc. A strong emphasis is placed on connecting academic research and field practice, with many examples, case studies, best practices, and discussions on performance based design. This volume will be of interest to researchers and practicing engineers alike.