Download or read book Developing of Instrumentation Incorporating Solid State Gas Sensors for Measurement of Oxygen Partial Pressure written by Mohieddine Benammar and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Development of Instrumentation Incorporating Solid State Sensors for Measurement of Oxygen Partial Pressure written by Mohieddine Benammar and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Electronic instrumentation was developed for the measurement of the oxygen partial pressure, P1 (in a sample gas using fully-sealed zirconia pump-gauge oxygen sensors operated in an AC mode. These sensors, operated typically at 700?C, consisted of two discs of zirconia with porous platinum electrodes on each face separated by a gold seal and enclosing a small internal volume. One disc was operated as a pump enabling oxygen to be electrochemically transferred into and out of the enclosed volume; the other disc operated as a gauge, the Nernst EMF across the electrodes providing a measure of the ratio of the internal to the external oxygen partial pressure. By careful design of the circuitry it was possible to measure the oxygen partial pressure, P, without the need for a separate reference gas supply. Subsequently, a novel "tracking" mode of operation was proposed and implemented in which leakage effects generally associated with sealed pump-gauge devices were minimised: the sensor was operated in a feedback control-loop in order to adjust automatically the mean internal reference oxygen partial pressure, P0, so as to maintain the ratio (Px/P0) close to unity. The signal-to-noise ratio was markedly improved by using gauge EMFs with high amplitudes which inevitably display a distorted sinusoid due to the logarithmic term in the Nernst equation. Surprisingly, mathematical analysis predicted that the linearity of the output of the instrument using phase-sensitive detection should not be affected by the deviation from a sinusoid and this was confirmed experimentally: signal processing was practically implemented using simple analogue electronics. As anticipated there was a strong influence of sensor temperature on the output of the instrument: consequently, methods for temperature compensation were proposed and shown to be feasible with minimum hardware. The theory of Operation of leaky pump-gauge was also developed which indicated that a physical leak in the sensor should cause a phase shift and amplitude change in the sensor output. Experimental results were, in general, in agreement with the theory demonstrating the influences of the geometry and dimensions of the leak and of the operating frequency. Importantly, the theory predicted that, when operated in the AC mode, devices with major leakage may still be used for oxygen partial pressure measurement: again this was confirmed by experiment and the additional benefit of a concomitant substantial simplification of the electronic circuitry also realised. Interestingly an unexpected but small influence of oxygen concentration on the phase shift was observed: this requires additional study.
Download or read book Solid State Gas Sensors written by P. T. Moseley and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1987 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An overview of the principles & current technology of the main sensor types used for flammable gas detection, oxygen monitoring in combustion & car-exhaust control. Also includes toxic gas monitoring. A companion volume to Techniques & Mechanisms in Gas Sensing.
Download or read book Solid State Gas Sensors Industrial Application written by Maximilian Fleischer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-06-05 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gas sensor products are very often the key to innovations in the fields of comfort, security, health, environment, and energy savings. This compendium focuses on what the research community labels as solid state gas sensors, where a gas directly changes the electrical properties of a solid, serving as the primary signal for the transducer. It starts with a visionary approach to how life in future buildings can benefit from the power of gas sensors. The requirements for various applications, such as for example the automotive industry, are then discussed in several chapters. Further contributions highlight current trends in new sensing principles, such as the use of nanomaterials and how to use new sensing principles for innovative applications in e.g. meteorology. So as to bring together the views of all the different groups needed to produce new gas sensing applications, renowned industrial and academic representatives report on their experiences and expectations in research, applications and industrialisation.
Download or read book Physics Chemistry and Technology of Solid State Gas Sensor Devices written by Andreas Mandelis and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1993-10-06 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research and development of solid state gas sensor devices began in the 1950s with several uncoordinated independent efforts. The number and pace of these investigations later accelerated in response to increasing pressure placed on the environment and public health by industrial activities. Since 1970, several thousand articles have been written on the subject, and laboratories around the globe have introduced novel methodologies and devices to address needs associated with particular technological developments. Despite the rapid development of this important new technology, very little has been done to review and coordinate data related to sensor science and technology itself. Physics, Chemistry and Technology of Solid State Gas Sensor Devices focuses on the underlying principles of solid state sensor operation and reveals the rich fabric of interdisciplinary science that governs modern sensing devices. Beginning with some historical and scientific background, the text proceeds to a study of the interactions of gases with surfaces. Subsequent chapters present detailed information on the fabrication, performance, and application of a variety of sensors. Types of sensor devices discussed include: Gas-sensitive solid state semiconductor sensors Photonic and photoacoustic gas sensors Fiber optic sensors Piezoelectric quartz crystal microbalance sensors Surface acoustic wave sensors Pyroelectric and thermal sensors For analytical chemists using solid state sensors in environment-related analysis, and for electrical engineers working with solid state sensors, this book will expand and unify their understanding of these devices, both in theory and practice.
Download or read book Gas Sensors written by G. Sberveglieri and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 413 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There were two reasons that induced me to plan and to organize this book, the first was the lack of a text entirely devoted to the subject of gas sensors, notwithstanding some books devoted to the various kind of chemical sensors have recently been published. The second reason was the need of introducing the basic topics of gas detection mechanisms to a growing number of researchers active in research and development laboratories of industries and uni versities. The field of chemical sensors is indeed in fast and consistent growth, as it is proved by the increased number of participants to the congresses that were recently held on this subject, namely the Third Meeting on Chemical Sensors (September 24 - 26, 1990, Cleveland), Transducers' 91 (June 24 - 27, 1991, S. Francisco) and EUROSENSORS V (September 30 - October 3, 1991, Rome). Therefore, this book is mainly intended as a reference text for researchers with a MS degree in physics, chemistry and electrical engineering; it reports the last progresses in the R. & D. and in the technology of gas sensors. I choose to deal specifically with the topic of gas sensors because these devices show a very large number of applications in the domestic and industrial field and they are characterized by a great effort of research and development.
Download or read book Semiconductor Gas Sensors written by Raivo Jaaniso and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2019-09-24 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Semiconductor Gas Sensors, Second Edition, summarizes recent research on basic principles, new materials and emerging technologies in this essential field. Chapters cover the foundation of the underlying principles and sensing mechanisms of gas sensors, include expanded content on gas sensing characteristics, such as response, sensitivity and cross-sensitivity, present an overview of the nanomaterials utilized for gas sensing, and review the latest applications for semiconductor gas sensors, including environmental monitoring, indoor monitoring, medical applications, CMOS integration and chemical warfare agents. This second edition has been completely updated, thus ensuring it reflects current literature and the latest materials systems and applications. - Includes an overview of key applications, with new chapters on indoor monitoring and medical applications - Reviews developments in gas sensors and sensing methods, including an expanded section on gas sensor theory - Discusses the use of nanomaterials in gas sensing, with new chapters on single-layer graphene sensors, graphene oxide sensors, printed sensors, and much more
Download or read book Development of Harsh Environment Nitrogen Oxides Solid state Gas Sensors written by Nicholas F. Szabo and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: The goal of this dissertation was to study and develop high temperature solid-state sensors for combustion based gases. Specific attention was focused on NO x gases (NO and NO2) as they are of significant importance with respect to the environment and the health of living beings. This work is divided into four sections with the first chapter being an introduction into the effects of NO[subscript x] gases and current regulations, followed by an introduction to the field of high temperature NO[subscript x] sensors and finally where and why they will be needed in the future. Chapter 2 focuses on the development of a gas sensor for NO[subscript x] capable of operation in harsh environments. The basis of the sensor is a mixed potential response at 500/600ʻC generated by exposure of gases to a platinum-yttria stabilized zirconia (Pt-YSZ) interface. Asymmetry between the two Pt electrodes on YSZ is generated by covering one of the electrodes with a zeolite, which helps to bring NO/NO2 towards equilibrium prior to the gases reaching the electrochemically active interface. Three sensor designs have been examined, including a planar design that is amenable to packaging for surviving automotive exhaust streams. Automotive tests indicated that the sensor is capable of detecting NO in engine exhausts. It is difficult to measure NO or NO2 selectively especially when both gases are present at the same time thus we have developed a strategy in chapter 3 to measure the total NO[subscript x] level (NO +NO2) in a background of O2 and N2 at high temperatures with minimal CO interference by combining a catalytic filter bed with the existing YSZ sensor device. The filter bed was composed of a Pt catalyst dispersed onto a zeolite Y support placed before a YSZ sensor having an air reference with a Cr2O3 or Pt sensing electrode. Chapter 4 explores the reasons for the difference in sensitivity of metal oxide electrodes, Cr2O3 and a mixed conducting perovskite La06̣ Sr 04̣Fe0̣Co02̣O[subscript x], with the goal of ultimately developing a systematic method of electrode screening as compared to the random screening often found in the literature.
Download or read book Host Bibliographic Record for Boundwith Item Barcode 30112033097202 and Others written by and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 618 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Tietz Textbook of Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics E Book written by Carl A. Burtis and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2011-12-16 with total page 2259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the definitive reference for clinical chemistry, Tietz Textbook of Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, 5th Edition offers the most current and authoritative guidance on selecting, performing, and evaluating results of new and established laboratory tests. Up-to-date encyclopedic coverage details everything you need to know, including: analytical criteria for the medical usefulness of laboratory procedures; new approaches for establishing reference ranges; variables that affect tests and results; the impact of modern analytical tools on lab management and costs; and applications of statistical methods. In addition to updated content throughout, this two-color edition also features a new chapter on hemostasis and the latest advances in molecular diagnostics. Section on Molecular Diagnostics and Genetics contains nine expanded chapters that focus on emerging issues and techniques, written by experts in field, including Y.M. Dennis Lo, Rossa W.K. Chiu, Carl Wittwer, Noriko Kusukawa, Cindy Vnencak-Jones, Thomas Williams, Victor Weedn, Malek Kamoun, Howard Baum, Angela Caliendo, Aaron Bossler, Gwendolyn McMillin, and Kojo S.J. Elenitoba-Johnson. Highly-respected author team includes three editors who are well known in the clinical chemistry world. Reference values in the appendix give you one location for comparing and evaluating test results. NEW! Two-color design throughout highlights important features, illustrations, and content for a quick reference. NEW! Chapter on hemostasis provides you with all the information you need to accurately conduct this type of clinical testing. NEW! Six associate editors lend even more expertise and insight to the reference. NEW! Reorganized chapters ensure that only the most current information is included.
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 1024 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lists citations with abstracts for aerospace related reports obtained from world wide sources and announces documents that have recently been entered into the NASA Scientific and Technical Information Database.
Download or read book Index to Theses with Abstracts Accepted for Higher Degrees by the Universities of Great Britain and Ireland and the Council for National Academic Awards written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 1056 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Theses on any subject submitted by the academic libraries in the UK and Ireland.
Download or read book Electrical Electronics Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 1860 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Control Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Principles of Chemical Sensors written by Jiri Janata and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-03-14 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Do not learn the tricks of the trade, learn the trade I started teachinggraduate coursesin chemical sensors in early 1980s, ?rst as a o- quarter (30 h) class then as a semester course and also as several intensive, 4–5-day courses. Later I organized my lecture notes into the ?rst edition of this book, which was published by Plenum in 1989 under the title Principles of Chemical Sensors. I started working on the second edition in 2006. The new edition of Principles of Chemical Sensors is a teaching book, not a textbook. Let me explain the difference. Textbooks usually cover some more or less narrow subject in maximum depth. Such an approach is not possible here. The subject of chemical sensors is much too broad, spanning many aspects of physical and analytical chemistry, biochemistry, materials science, solid-state physics, optics, device fabrication, electrical engine- ing, statistical analysis, and so on. The challengefor me has been to present uniform logical coverage of such a large area. In spite of its relatively shallow depth, it is intended as a graduate course. At its present state the amount of material is more thancan be coveredin a one-semestercourse (45h). Two one-quartercourseswould be more appropriate. Because of the breadth of the material, the sensor course has a somewhat unexpected but, it is hoped, bene?cial effect.
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Analytical Science written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 660 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Measuring Oxidants and Oxidative Stress in Biological Systems written by Lawrence J. Berliner and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-08-08 with total page 237 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the methods of analysis and determination of oxidants and oxidative stress in biological systems. Reviews and protocols on select methods of analysis of ROS, RNS, oxygen, redox status, and oxidative stress in biological systems are described in detail. It is an essential resource for both novices and experts in the field of oxidant and oxidative stress biology.
