Download or read book Developing Crash Modification Factors for Bicycle Lane Additions While Reducing Lane and Shoulder Widths written by Roya Amjadi and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Federal Highway Administration’s (FHWA’s) Development of Crash Modification Factors (DCMF) program was established in 2012 to address highway-safety research needs for evaluating new and innovative safety strategies (e.g., improvements) by developing reliable quantitative estimates of their effectiveness in reducing crashes. Forty-one State departments of transportation provide technical feedback on safety improvements to the DCMF program and implement new safety improvements to facilitate evaluations. These States are members of the Evaluation of Low-Cost Safety Improvements Pooled Fund Study (ELCSI-PFS) that functions under the DCMF program. This project evaluated the addition of bicycle lanes achieved by reducing lane and shoulder widths as a safety improvement strategy (e.g., safety intervention). The ELCSI-PFS Technical Advisory Committee selected this evaluation as one of the priorities within its purview.
Download or read book Developing Crash Modification Factors for Bicycle lane Additions While Reducing Lane and Shoulder Widths written by and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Exploration and Development of Crash Modification Factors and Functions for Single and Multiple Treatments written by Juneyoung Park and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this dissertation, the CMFs and CMFunctions are estimated for various single and combination of treatments for different roadway types (e.g. rural two-lane, rural multi-lane roadways, urban arterials, freeways, etc.) as below: [bullet] Treatments for mainline of roadway: [bullet] adding a thru lane, conversion of 4-lane undivided roadways to 3-lane with two-way left turn lane (TWLTL) [bullet] Treatments for roadway shoulder: [bullet] installing shoulder rumble strips, widening shoulder width, adding bike lanes, changing bike lane width, installing roadside barriers [bullet] Treatments related to roadside features: [bullet] decrease density of driveways, decrease density of roadside poles, increase distance to roadside poles, increase distance to trees Expected contributions of this study are to 1) suggest approaches to estimate more reliable safety effects of multiple treatments, 2) propose methodologies to develop CMFunctions to assess the variation of CMFs with different characteristics among treated sites, and 3) recommend applications of using GNM and MARS to simultaneously consider the interaction impact of more than one variables and nonlinearity of predictors. Finally, potential relevant applications beyond the scope of this research but worth investigation in the future are discussed in this dissertation.
Download or read book Developing Crash Modification Factors for Urban Highway with Substandard Wide Curb Lane written by Geophrey Joseph Mbatta and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 119 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ABSTRACT: The road segments used were urban four-lane with a divided median and four-lane two-way left turn lane (TWLT). Data used in the evaluation included 25 centerline miles of urban four-lane (TWLT) roads and 75 centerline miles of four-lane with a divided median roads. Two main types of crash modification factors and safety performance functions were developed in this study. The first type is crash modification factors and safety performance functions for all types of crashes, and the second is crash modification factors and safety performance functions for motor vehicle-bicyclist crashes only. In sum the results obtained from this study suggest that, maintaining of inside lane width to 11.5ft and outside lane width to 13 ft for 4D and 5T could results in less number of all types of crashes. Additionally, the decreases in motor vehicle-bicyclist crashes will also be achieved by outside lane width of 13 ft as the inside lane width was not found to contribute to the increase or decrease in motor vehicle-bicyclist crashes.
Download or read book Role and Application of Accident Modification Factors in the Highway Design Process written by James A. Bonneson and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Procedure for Using Accident Modification Factors in the Highway Design Process written by James A. Bonneson and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Highway safety is an ongoing concern to the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT). As part of its proactive commitment to improving highway safety, TxDOT is moving toward including quantitative safety analyses earlier in the project development process. The objectives of this research project are: (1) the development of safety design guidelines and evaluation tools to be used by TxDOT designers, and (2) the production of a plan for the incorporation of these guidelines and tools in the planning and design stages of the project development process. This document describes a procedure for using accident modification factors in the highway design process. Application of the procedure entails the use of several factors, where each factor addresses one specific design element (such as lane width, shoulder width, curve radius, etc.). Collectively, the factors can be used to estimate the effect of a change in one or more design elements. The procedure can be used to evaluate the safety benefits associated with alternative geometric designs.
Download or read book Pedestrian Facilities Users Guide Providing Safety and Mobility written by Charles V. Zegeer and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2002 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This guide is intended to provide information on how to identify safety and mobility needs for pedestrians with the roadway right-of-way. Useful for engineers, planners, safety professionals and decision-makers, the guide covers such topics as: the Walking Environment including sidewalks, curb ramps, crosswalks, roadway lighting and pedestrian over and under passes; Roadway Design including bicycle lanes, roadway narrowing, reducing the number of lanes, one-way/two-way streets, right-turn slip lanes and raised medians; Intersections with roundabouts, T-intersections and median barriers; and Traffic calming designs.
Download or read book A Guide to Developing Quality Crash Modification Factors written by Frank Gross and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book NCHRP Report 617 written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Development of Crash Modification Factors and Benefit cost Analysis of Lane Departure Crash Countermeasures written by Irfan Uddin Ahmed and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 103 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The World Health Organization (WHO) reports road traffic injuries are one of the leading causes of death worldwide with 1.2 million people dying in traffic crashes annually. Total losses in monetary value amounted to $836 billion in the US in 2010. According to the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), the comprehensive cost of a single fatal crash is estimated to be $9.6 million (2016 dollars). There have been 37,461 fatalities in 2016 in the US, which was an increase of 5.5% from 2015. According to the Fatality Analysis of Reporting System (FARS), the traffic fatality rate for the US was 1.18 per 100 million vehicle miles traveled (MVMT) while Wyoming experienced 1.20 fatalities per 100 MVMT in 2016. The trend in recent crash rates reveals that Wyoming has always been facing higher fatality rates than the national average. Challenging roadway geometry, long driving distances, and adverse weather conditions could contribute to higher average crash rates in Wyoming. Research shows that a significant number of fatal and serious injury crashes result from lane departure crashes. Lane departure crashes include angle, head-on, sideswipe, and run-off-road crashes. Factors such as driver fatigue and drowsiness, distracted driving, poor road surface condition, adverse weather, challenging roadway geometry preventing easy passing maneuvers may result in increased lane departure crashes. Some of these contributing factors could be mitigated by providing countermeasures, such as centerline rumble strips, by adding passing lanes on a two-lane roadway, and by dividing the roadway into four-lane highways. This study analyzes and compares the safety effectiveness of these three countermeasures on a two-lane two-way highway in Wyoming. The roadway selected for this study is US 287 between Laramie and the Wyoming-Colorado Stateline. Statistical analyses and benefit-cost analyses were carried out to evaluate the safety effectiveness of the aforementioned countermeasures. Six years of crash data (2003-2008) were used to develop the Safety Performance Functions (SPFs) utilizing negative binomial and zero-inflated negative binomial (ZINB) regression models. A segmented dataset consisting of variable segment lengths was prepared using homogeneous roadway geometry and traffic volume data. SPFs were developed for total crashes, property damage only (PDO) crashes, fatal and injury (F+I) crashes as well as lane departure crashes. Numerous explanatory variables related to roadway geometry and traffic volume were considered in the modeling process. It was found that LOG(VMT), vertical grade, and presence of rumble strips were the significant variables in predicting crash frequency. AIC was used as the model selection criterion to find the best fit model. Observational before-after with Empirical Bayes (EB) method was utilized to develop Crash Modification Factors (CMF) to analyze the safety effectiveness of lane departure crash countermeasure. The results show that with the implementation of conversion to four-lane divided highway, there is an expected crash reduction of 52%, 55%, 86%, and 77% associated with total crashes, F+I crashes, PDO crashes, and lane departure crashes, respectively. Furthermore, the CMFs for centerline rumble strips indicate expected crash reduction of 69%, 52%, 89%, and 80% for total crashes, F+I crashes, PDO crashes, and lane departure crashes, respectively. The CMFs obtained for passing lanes show that an expected total crash reduction of 32%, F+I crash reduction of 20% and 25% crash reduction in lane departure crashes. The overall results from this analysis show that the highest percentage of crash reduction can be expected from the implementation of centerline rumble strips. All the CMFs indicated that all countermeasures are effective in reducing the frequency and severity of crashes. Finally, a benefit-cost analysis (BCA) was carried out using comprehensive crash costs calculated by following the Highway Safety Manual and the Wyoming Department of Transportation methods. The BCA provided the opportunity to determine which countermeasure provided the best return (benefits) on investment (project costs). It was found that the return on investment is the highest for the implementation of centerline rumble strips followed by addition of passing lanes. Conversion to four-lane divided highway resulted in the lowest benefit to cost ratio. One of the reasons for this could be the higher project costs of adding lanes and dividing the roadway than the other countermeasures investigated in this study. The safety analyses and the benefit-cost analyses carried out in this study show that the implementation of centerline rumble strips provides very high CMFs and benefit to cost ratio which may seem impractical. There could be a number of reasons for the overestimation of the CMFs and the benefits of centerline rumble strips.
Download or read book Roadside Design Guide written by American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials. Task Force for Roadside Safety and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Accident Modification Factors for Traffic Engineering and ITS Improvements written by David L. Harkey and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: TRB¿s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Report 617: Accident Modification Factors for Traffic Engineering and ITS Improvements explores the development of accident modification factors (AMFs) for traffic engineering and intelligent transportation system improvements. AMFs, also known as crash reduction factors, are designed to provide a simple and quick way of estimating the safety impacts of various types of engineering improvements, encompassing the areas of signing, alignment, channelization, and other traffic engineering solutions.
Download or read book Developing Crash Modification Factors for Variable Speed written by and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Speed Management written by European Conference of Ministers of Transport and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2006-10-13 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Speeding is the number one road safety problem in a large number of OECD/ECMT countries. It is responsible for around one third of the current, unacceptably high levels of road fatalities. Speeding has an impact not only on accidents but also on the ...
Download or read book Development of Crash Modification Factors for Uncontrolled Pedestrian Crossing Treatments written by Charles V. Zegeer and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "TRB's National Cooperative Research Program (NCHRP) Report 841: Development of Crash Modification Factors for Uncontrolled Pedestrian Crossing Treatments quantifies the safety benefits of four types of pedestrian crossing treatments—rectangular rapid flashing beacons, pedestrian hybrid beacons, pedestrian refuge islands, and advanced YIELD or STOP markings and signs—and presents a crash modification factor (CMF) for each treatment type. This information, which is suitable for inclusion in the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) Highway Safety Manual, the U.S. Federal Highway Administration's (FHWA's) CMF Clearinghouse, and other guidance, will be valuable to transportation agencies in choosing the appropriate crossing treatment for uncontrolled pedestrian crossings." - Publisher description
Download or read book Urban Bikeway Design Guide Second Edition written by National Association of City Transportation Officials and published by Island Press. This book was released on 2014-03-24 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: NACTO's Urban Bikeway Design Guide quickly emerged as the preeminent resource for designing safe, protected bikeways in cities across the United States. It has been completely re-designed with an even more accessible layout. The Guide offers updated graphic profiles for all of its bicycle facilities, a subsection on bicycle boulevard planning and design, and a survey of materials used for green color in bikeways. The Guide continues to build upon the fast-changing state of the practice at the local level. It responds to and accelerates innovative street design and practice around the nation.
Download or read book Developing crash modification factors for high friction surface treatments written by David K. Merritt and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 75 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
