Download or read book Determination of the Biodegradation of Organic Compounds and Some Effects on Measured Kinetic Parameters Using a Respirometric Technique written by Pongpanichkul Sombat and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this study, the effects of simultaneous substrate biodegradation on ethylene glycol biodegradation by the biomass from the Boone Water Pollution Control Plant was to increase the biodegradation rate as observed from the increase in q[Subscript m]/K[Subscript s] by approximately 40% from the batch test. For acetone, ethylene glycol, and furfural biodegradation by biomass from the Cedar Rapids Water Pollution Control Facility, there was no significant difference in the kinetics obtained from the single-substrate respirometric test and the simultaneous substrate degradation test when both tests were performed on the same day. The effect of biomass enrichment was also investigated. This method supplies a substrate of interest to the biomass for a period of time prior the respirometric test. Biomass enrichment allows the measurement of biodegradation kinetics for a slowly degraded compound. From these experiments, the kinetics of five out of six compounds were not statistically affected within 24 h of feeding a substrate of interest before the kinetic test. This suggests that the biomass enrichment technique is a valid option for determining the biodegradation kinetics of slowly degraded compounds, provided that the enrichment is limited to 24 h.
Download or read book Investigations of Biodegradability and Toxicity of Organic Compounds written by Jan Dojlido and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Determination of Biodegradation Kinetics of Volatile Organic Compounds Through Use of Respirometry written by Mohammad Naziruddin and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Proceedings of the Workshop written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Respirometric Methods for Determination of Biodegradability and Biodegradation Kinetics for Hazardous Organic Pollutant Compounds written by Henry H. Tabak and published by . This book was released on 1992* with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Development and Calibration of Bio kinetic Models for Organic Carbon and Nitrogen Biodegradation in an Aerobic Activated Sludge System written by Muhammad Azizul Hoque and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 474 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Substrate removal mechanisms in a mixed culture of an activated sludge system are still a mystery that researchers have been trying to unravel by proposing and developing models to interpret the observed experimental data. Activated Sludge Model Number 1 (ASM1) was first introduced to better understand the biochemical mechanisms during carbon and nitrogen oxidation and was based on the assumption that the external substrate is consumed only for biomass growth. This model ignored the formation of intracellular polymers (storage products) in the biomass cell, though several researchers observed the phenomenon of storage of carbon sources and the significant role it played in the carbon removal process. As a consequence, the Activated Sludge Model Number 3 (ASM3) was formulated assuming that all the easily biodegradable substrate is first stored internally during the feast phase before being used for growth during famine conditions. However, experimental observations proved that both storage and growth occur simultaneously during the feast phase. Consequently, the simultaneous storage and growth (SSAG) model was developed as an extension to ASM3 specifically to gain an in-depth understanding of the carbon oxidation process. While considerable investigation has been focused on model calibration using respirometric measurements of the oxygen uptake rate (OUR) during the aerobic biodegradation of substrate, model-based interpretation of titrimetric measurements has been limited. In biological systems, the oxygen consumption and corresponding pH changes occur simultaneously and can be easily monitored using respirometric and titrimetric experimental observations respectively. Attempts were, therefore, made to calibrate ASM1 using titrimetric measurements. During the subsequent successful development, consideration was given to the pH effects of carbon uptake, ammonia uptake for growth, CO2 production from carbon metabolism and the nonlinear carbon dioxide transfer rate (CTR) due to stripping. While respirometry was successfully used to calibrate every proposed new model, the interpretation of titrimetric measurements, however, was always based on ASM1, using calibration substrates such as acetate and ammonium. The SSAG model, developed in the year 2005, proposed an improved kinetic expression for the degradation of storage products under famine conditions. It was successfully calibrated using on-line respirometric measurements and validated using off-line storage products measurements with acetate used as a calibration substrate. However it failed to explain the titrimetric behavior of the substrate biodegradation process. While in most cases the above models were calibrated using simple synthetic substrates, the application of these models for complex substrates was not investigated. Therefore, in this dissertation, the biodegradation kinetics for different substrates like acetate (simple carbon source), sodium dodecyl sulfate (relatively complex carbon source), ammonium (simple nitrogen source), urea (relatively complex nitrogen source) and glutamic acid (combination of carbon and nitrogen) were investigated. A titrimetric respirometer, established in the Water-waste laboratory in the Faculty of Engineering and Surveying, University of Southern Queensland, Australia, was used to conduct batch experiments in order to monitor substrate biodegradation process in an aerobic activated sludge system. Both the dissolved oxygen and the pH control data were logged with the Labview software package. A spreadsheet program was used to calculate the oxygen uptake rate and the proton production/consumption rate from the raw measurements. During batch experiments, the biodegradation of all five test substrates showed unique respirometric and titrimetric behaviors indicating that each of these compounds is biodegraded using distinctive mechanisms with the involvement and coordination of different bacterial populations. The pattern of OURs were observed varying from substrate to substrate describing the characteristics of test compounds. The titrimetric profiles were also different for different substrates biodegradation reflecting the on-going biochemical reaction of respective substrate in activated sludge system. While acetate biodegradation, for example, caused proton consumption (at pH 7.8) in the liquid medium, proton production was noted under feast conditions when either sodium dodecyl sulfate or glutamic acid was used as a test substrate. An in-depth revision of the existing activated sludge models was completed and the models were assessed using experimental observations. An improved bio-kinetic model which includes both the oxygen and proton balances for the biodegradation of each of the test substrates was then developed. In addition, the substrates biodegradation pathway and the non-linear CO2 transfer process were considered during the modeling. For proper model evaluation, the proposed model was calibrated using varying initial substrate concentrations and pH levels. In addition, three different calibration approaches: using respirometric measurements alone, using titrimetric measurements alone and using combined respirometric-titrimetric measurements, were applied during the study. The estimation of model parameters was undertaken using non-linear techniques utilizing the algorithms in the optimisation toolbox (MATLAB). For the biodegradation of each test substrate, the proposed model was successfully calibrated using both the respirometric and titrimetric behaviors in the activated sludge system. The estimated model parameters showed consistent results for all three calibration approaches thereby confirming the precision of the proposed model. The parameter estimation errors (calculated for 95% confidence intervals) as well as the mean squared errors for the different calibration approaches were quite reasonable and confirmed the statistical soundness of the proposed model. In addition, the proposed model was validated using off-line measurements. This dissertation presents an in-depth explanation of how the proposed models interpret the biodegradation processes and how the model parameters vary for different substrates in an activated sludge system. The results will be helpful in further refining current models that can contribute to the optimization of the design operation and enhanced performance of full scale wastewater treatment plants.
Download or read book Proceedings of the 44th Industrial Waste Conference May 1989 Purdue University written by John W. Bell and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-02-06 with total page 963 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New research-case histories and operating data-on every conceivable facet of today's big problem are detailed in the latest Purdue Book-with unparalleled appropriate, usable information and data for your current industrial waste problems from the May 1989 Conference.
Download or read book Handbook on Biodegradation and Biological Treatment of Hazardous Organic Compounds written by M.H. van Agteren and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 463 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The introduction of synthetic organic chemicals into the environment during the last few decades has given rise to major concern about the ecotoxicological effects and ultimate fate of these compounds. The pollutants that are considered to be most hazardous because of their intrinsic toxicity, high exposure level, or recalcitrant behavior in the environment have been placed on blacklists and other policy priority lists. The fate of synthetic compounds that enter the environment is mainly determined by their rate of biodegradation, which therefore also has a major effect on the degree of bioaccumulation and the risk of ecotoxicological effects. The degree and rate of biodegradation is also of critical importance for the feasibility of biological techniques to clean up contaminated sites and waste streams. The biodegradation of xenobiotics has thus been the subject of numerous studies, which resulted in thousands of publications in scientific journals, books, and conference proceedings. These studies led to a deeper understanding of the diversity of biodegradation processes. As a result, it has become possible to enhance the rate of degradation of recalcitrant pollutants during biological treatment and to design completely new treatment processes. At present, much work is being done to expand the range of pollutants to which biodegradation can be applied, and to make treatment techniques less expensive and better applicable for waste streams which are difficult to handle.
Download or read book Determination of Biodegradation Kinetic Parameters for 4 nitrophenol and 2 chlorophenol Using Electrolytic Respirometry written by Jasvinder Singh Dang and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Use of Batch and Fed batch Respirometric Techniques for Determining Extant Kinetic Parameters Describing Single and Multiple Substrate Biodegradation written by Timothy G. Ellis and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 498 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Biological Wastewater Treatment written by C. P. Leslie Grady Jr. and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2011-05-09 with total page 994 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Following in the footsteps of previous highly successful and useful editions, Biological Wastewater Treatment, Third Edition presents the theoretical principles and design procedures for biochemical operations used in wastewater treatment processes. It reflects important changes and advancements in the field, such as a revised treatment of the micr
Download or read book Handbook on Biodegradation and Biological Treatment of Hazardous Organic Compounds written by M.H. van Agteren and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-03-14 with total page 493 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The introduction of synthetic organic chemicals into the environment during the last few decades has given rise to major concern about the ecotoxicological effects and ultimate fate of these compounds. The pollutants that are considered to be most hazardous because of their intrinsic toxicity, high exposure level, or recalcitrant behavior in the environment have been placed on blacklists and other policy priority lists. The fate of synthetic compounds that enter the environment is mainly determined by their rate of biodegradation, which therefore also has a major effect on the degree of bioaccumulation and the risk of ecotoxicological effects. The degree and rate of biodegradation is also of critical importance for the feasibility of biological techniques to clean up contaminated sites and waste streams. The biodegradation of xenobiotics has thus been the subject of numerous studies, which resulted in thousands of publications in scientific journals, books, and conference proceedings. These studies led to a deeper understanding of the diversity of biodegradation processes. As a result, it has become possible to enhance the rate of degradation of recalcitrant pollutants during biological treatment and to design completely new treatment processes. At present, much work is being done to expand the range of pollutants to which biodegradation can be applied, and to make treatment techniques less expensive and better applicable for waste streams which are difficult to handle.
Download or read book Extant Biodegradation Testing with Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonate and Alkyl Sulfate in Laboratory and Field Activated Sludge System written by Xiaohong Huang and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present work was aimed at determining the efficacy of the extant respirometric technique to measure the biodegradation kinetic parameters of surfactant linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) and alkyl sulfate (AS) in laboratory and field activated sludge systems. LAS and AS are most common used in the commercial and personal usage and present in the influent of the wastewater treatment plant. To simulate the activated sludge system, two 1-L porous pot (65 [Mu] stainless steel mesh) reactors were fed synthetic wastewater with a COD of 200 mg/L including 2 mg/L LAS and 1 mg/L AS to cultivate the activated sludge for respirometer tests. To evaluate the influence of the operating conditions, the reactors were operated in parallel at a range of HRT and SRT conditions. The biodegradation responses of LAS were measured using a respirometric method, and the extant kinetic parameters were evaluated using the Monod model.
Download or read book Biodegradability of Organic Substances in Aquatic Envir written by Pavel Pitter and published by Springer. This book was released on 1990-07-05 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Commencement written by Iowa State University and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 562 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Assessment of the Use of Respirometry for Measurement of Biodegradable Organic Matter in Drinking Water written by Seval Sen and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
