Download or read book Determination of Rate Constants for Polymerization of Styrene Initiated by 2 2 azobisisobutyronitrile Utilizing Population Densities written by John Frederick Scamehorn and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Journal of Polymer Science written by and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 976 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book AIChE Symposium Series written by American Institute of Chemical Engineers and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 538 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Continuous Polymerization Reactors written by American Institute of Chemical Engineers and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Theoretical Chemical Engineering Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 608 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Directory of Graduate Research written by American Chemical Society. Committee on Professional Training and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 920 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Faculties, publications and doctoral theses in departments or divisions of chemistry, chemical engineering, biochemistry and pharmaceutical and/or medicinal chemistry at universities in the United States and Canada.
Download or read book Rate Equations of Polymerization Reactions written by Reiji Mezaki and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a compilation from technical journals in both chemistry and chemical engineering. It covers rate expressions for polymerization reactions pertaining to the analysis, optimal design, and optimal operation of polymerization reactors.
Download or read book INVESTIGATIONS OF KINETIC ASPECTS IN NITROXIDE MEDIATED RADICAL POLYMERIZATION OF STYRENE written by Afsaneh Nabifar and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Modelling and Control of the Polymerisation of Styrene written by Tariq M. Raja and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The thesis describes a study of polymerisation with the intention of demonstrating the generic feasibility of some control techniques for the production of polymers with prescribed molecular weight distributions. The polymerisation of styrene using thermal and catalytic initiation was used as an exemplar for the purposes of developing the strategies. A number of mathematical models have been developed, including the kinetics of the free-radical bulk polymerisation of styrene initiated thermally and by 2,2'azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) catalyst without consideration of the environment in which the reactions occur. The dynamics of the polymerisation process are described in terms of the first three moments of the distribution of dead polymer. These moments were used to characterise the molecular weight distribution of the polymer for the purposes of control. Further, the constraints of carrying out the polymerisation in batch and semi-batch reactors, continuous stirred tank reactors and a tubular reactor have been modelled. Dynamic optimisation using Pontryagin's minimum principle and the kinetic model was used to solve the minimum batch time problem by considering separately and simultaneously the two optimal policies, for initiator and temperature. These policies yield the minimum batch time to produce a polymer product which satisfies a set of target specifications for the molecular weight distribution. Using the kinetic and reactor models together, and the optimal temperature policy as a reference level, a model based predictive controller was employed to assess whether a realistic implementation of the policy could be achieved. A difficulty in the practical, real time control of polymerisation is the lack of on-line measurement of molecular weight. A preliminary study of a model based, non-linear observer was conducted to estimate molecular weight distribution on-line. It was shown that the estimate is robust in the face of disturbances and uncertainty in the initial conditions.
Download or read book U S Government Research Development Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1969-10 with total page 784 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Mechanism of Initiation in the Thermal Polymerization of Styrene Kinetic Deuterium Isotope Effects in the Initiation Step of the Thermal Polymerization of Some Deuterated Styrenes written by Karl R. Kopecky and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A convenient synthesis of 2,6-dideuteriostyrene starts with N, N-dimethyl-(1-phenylethyl)-amine which is deuterated in the 2 and 6 positions by a series of exchanges using n-butyllithium followed by deuterium oxide. The deuterium isotope effects at 70C on the rates of the thermal polymerization, of 2,6-dideuterio-, alpha-deuterio-, and beta, beta-dideuteriostyrene are 1.29, 1.00, and 0.78, respectively. The deuterium isotope effects at 70C on the 2,2'-azobis(2-methylpropionitrile) initiated rates of polymerization, are 0.96, 0.86, and 0.81, respectively. From these values the deuterium isotope effects on the rates of initiation of the thermal polymerization, k(iH)/k(iD), are calculated to be 1.80, 1.31, and 0.92, respectively. At 147C the presence of 1.5% potassium t-butoxide decreases the rate of the thermal polymerization of neat styrene by a factor of 17, and results in the formation of 1-phenyltetralin as the greatly predominant dimer. The results support the suggestion that the thermal polymerization of styrene is initiated by hydrogen transfer from 1-phenyl-1,2,3,9-tetrahydronaphthalene, formed by a concerted dimerization of two molecules of styrene, to a third molecule of styrene. (Author).
Download or read book Kinetic Study of Styrene maleic Anhydride Copolymers Using Succinic Anhydride as the Model Compound written by Barbara M. Johanson Jauch and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The reaction of aniline with succinic anhydride, a low molecular weight poly[styrene-co-(maleic anhydride)], and a high molecular weight poly[styreneco-(maleic anhydride)] were used to determine if these polymer reactions are diffusion- or reaction-controlled. Kinetic study protocols were developed to determine the rate constants for the succinic anhydride/aniline model reaction and for the 50/50 and 86/14 copolymers. These protocols were then used to gather kinetic data. The succinic anhydride/aniline reaction was determined to be exothermic and to have an induction period. The succinic anhydride/aniline reaction was also determined to have an experimental rate constant of 13 L/molmin 25% at 67 +/- 1.5 degrees Celsius. For the copolymer/aniline reactions, the experimental rate constants at 67 +/- 1.5 degrees Celsius were determined to be .051 L/molmin 15% for the 50/50 polymer and .008 L/molmin 18% for the 86/14 polymer. The model reaction was found to be 250 times faster than the 50/50 polymer/aniline reaction and 1600 times faster than the 86/14 polymer/aniline reaction. The 50/50 polymer/aniline reaction was determined to be 6 times faster than the 86/14 polymer/aniline reaction. At 20 1.5 degrees Celsius, the theoretical diffusion-controlled rate constant for the succinic anhydride/aniline reaction was determined to be 7.09 x 10^11 L/molmin and the experimental rate of reaction was determined to be 0.72 L/molmin 25%. Thus, these reactions were determined to be reaction-controlled."--Abstract.
Download or read book Engineered Materials Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 630 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Polymer Chemistry written by Timothy P. Lodge and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-07-14 with total page 609 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A well-rounded and articulate examination of polymer properties at the molecular level, Polymer Chemistry focuses on fundamental principles based on underlying chemical structures, polymer synthesis, characterization, and properties. It emphasizes the logical progression of concepts and provide mathematical tools as needed as well as fully derived problems for advanced calculations. The much-anticipated Third Edition expands and reorganizes material to better develop polymer chemistry concepts and update the remaining chapters. New examples and problems are also featured throughout. This revised edition: Integrates concepts from physics, biology, materials science, chemical engineering, and statistics as needed. Contains mathematical tools and step-by-step derivations for example problems Incorporates new theories and experiments using the latest tools and instrumentation and topics that appear prominently in current polymer science journals. The number of homework problems has been greatly increased, to over 350 in all. The worked examples and figures have been augmented. More examples of relevant synthetic chemistry have been introduced into Chapter 2 ("Step-Growth Polymers"). More details about atom-transfer radical polymerization and reversible addition/fragmentation chain-transfer polymerization have been added to Chapter 4 ("Controlled Polymerization"). Chapter 7 (renamed "Thermodynamics of Polymer Mixtures") now features a separate section on thermodynamics of polymer blends. Chapter 8 (still called "Light Scattering by Polymer Solutions") has been supplemented with an extensive introduction to small-angle neutron scattering. Polymer Chemistry, Third Edition offers a logical presentation of topics that can be scaled to meet the needs of introductory as well as more advanced courses in chemistry, materials science, polymer science, and chemical engineering.
Download or read book Cellulose Nanocrystals written by Wadood Y. Hamad and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-04-17 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research into cellulose nanocrystals is currently in an exponential growth phase, with research into potential applications now strengthened by recent advances in nanomanufacturing. The possibility of routine commercial production of these advanced materials is now becoming a reality. Cellulose Nanocrystals: Properties, Production and Applications provides an in-depth overview of the materials science, chemistry and physics of cellulose nanocrystals, and the technical development of advanced materials based on cellulose nanocrystals for industrial and medical applications. Topics covered include: • A comprehensive treatment of the structure, morphology and synthesis of cellulose nanocrystals. • The science and engineering of producing cellulose nanocrystals and the challenges involved in nanomanufacturing on a large industrial scale. • Surface/interface modifications of cellulose nanocrystals for the development of novel biomaterials with attractive structural and functional properties. • The scientific bases for developing cellulose-based nanomaterials with advanced functionalities for industrial/medical applications and consumer products. • Discussions on the (i) reinforcing potential of cellulose nanocrystals in polymer nanocomposites, (ii) utilization of these nanocrystals as efficient templates for developing tunable photonic materials, as well as (iii) applications in sustainable electronics and biomedicine. Cellulose Nanocrystals: Properties, Production and Applications will appeal to audiences in the physical, chemical and biological sciences as well as engineering disciplines. It will be of critical interest to industrialists seeking to develop sustainable new materials for the advanced industrial economies of the 21st century, ranging from adaptive “smart” packaging materials, to new chiral, mesoporous materials for optoelectronics and photonics , to high-performance nanocomposites for structural applications.
Download or read book Government Reports Announcements written by and published by . This book was released on 1973-08-25 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Government Reports Announcements Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
