Download or read book Determination of Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Water and Wastewater by a Gas Chromatographic Ultraviolet Spectrophotometric Method written by RA. Brown and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 17 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and American industry are interested in determining the concentrations of 129 potentially hazardous compounds in water. Included on the recently issued priority pollutant list are 13 polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PNAs) containing from three to six condensed rings. Exxon Research has developed a gas chromatographic, ultraviolet spectrophotometric (GC-UV) method that accurately determines 23 PNAs, including the 13, at the 0.1-ppb (microgram/litre) level and higher in industrial and municipal wastewater effluents. Alkyl-substituted PNAs can be measured and additional compounds added as desired. The method has been verified by analyzing effluents spiked with a variety of PNAs.
Download or read book Measurement of Organic Pollutants in Water and Wastewater written by C. E. Van Hall and published by ASTM International. This book was released on 1979 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Determination of Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Wastewater from Coal Liquefaction Processes by the Gas Chromatography Ultraviolet Spectrometry Technique written by GT. Boyer and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the classes of compounds that may be present in wastewater from coal conversion plants is polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH). Since 13 PAHs containing from three to six condensed rings are on the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) list of priority pollutants, an analytical method has been developed for the determination of PAHs in process waters from coal liquefaction processes. This method utilizes the well-established gas chromatography-ultraviolet spectrometry (GC-UV) technique to determine the 13 at the 0.1 ppb (micrograms per litre) level and higher. Isomers and twelve additional PAHs are routinely measured, and the technique may be extended as necessary to cover other compounds as well.
Download or read book Methods of Analysis by the U S Geological Survey National Water Quality Laboratory written by Mary C. Olson and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Method Development and Monitoring of Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Selected U S Waters written by Jitendra Saxena and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Water Sys written by David J. Futoma and published by Springer. This book was released on 1981-11-05 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Opisane so spektroskopske in kromatografske analize PAH v vodi, njihova topnost, vzorčevanje in predhodno koncentriranje.
Download or read book Determination of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons in industrial and municipal wastewaters written by Paul E. Strup and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Determination of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons by Gas Chromatography mass Spectrometry and Method Development in Supercritical Fluid Chromatography written by Jari Tuominen and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 77 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Oil in the Sea written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1985-01-01 with total page 619 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive volume follows up and expands on an earlier National Academy of Sciences book. It is the result of an intensive multidisciplinary effort to assess the problems relating to petroleum-derived hydrocarbons in the marine environment. Specifically, it examines the inputs, analytical methods, fates, and effects of petroleum in the marine environment. The section on effects has been expanded significantly, reflecting the extensive scientific effort put forth in determining the effects of petroleum on marine organisms. Other topics discussed include petroleum contamination in specific geographical areas, the potential hazards of this contamination to human health, the impact of oil-related activities in the northern Gulf of Mexico, and the potential impact of petroleum on fisheries.
Download or read book Determination of Wastewater Compounds in Whole Water by Continuous Liquid Liquid Extraction and Capillary Column Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry written by Steven D. Zaugg and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2014-06-16 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A method for the determination of 69 compounds typi- cally found in domestic and industrial wastewater is described. The method was developed in response to increasing concern over the impact of endocrine-disrupting chemicals on aquatic organisms in wastewater. This method also is useful for evaluating the effects of combined sanitary and storm-sewer overflow on the water quality of urban streams. The method focuses on the determination of compounds that are indica- tors of wastewater or have endocrine-disrupting potential. These compounds include the alkylphenol ethoxylate nonionic surfactants, food additives, fragrances, antioxidants, flame retardants, plasticizers, industrial solvents, disinfectants, fecal sterols, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and high-use domestic pesticides.
Download or read book Selected Water Resources Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 962 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Determination of Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Refinery Water Streams written by A. Macaluso and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A procedure has been developed for the analysis of polynuclear aromatic (PAH) hydrocarbons in water samples at levels of 1 ?g/litre (parts per billion). The method has been successfully applied to field samples and consists of (1) extracting a neutral fraction from water using methylene chloride, (2) concentrating the extract in a Kuderna-Danish evaporative concentrator, (3) isolation of a PAH fraction by thin-layer chromatography, and (4) quantitative analysis of individual compounds by HPLC. A variable-wavelength ultraviolet detector is used simultaneously with a fixed-wavelength (254 nm) detector to positively identify each PAH by means of peak height ratios at the different wavelengths. An alternate method for isolating and concentrating PAH from water samples was also evaluated. A large volume of water was passed through a column packed with a reverse phase packing, C18-bonded silica, and the organic components were eluted using an organic solvent. This fraction was then analyzed as before. The overall effectiveness of the method has been evaluated using spiked samples containing several standard PAH and the use of an internal standard, such as 14C-labeled benzo[a] pyrene or perylene, has been investigated.
Download or read book Investigations Into the Extraction and the Determination of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons PAHs from Water by Solid phase Extraction and Capillary Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry written by Mohamed Elrutb and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Factors affecting the detennination of PAHs by capillary GC/MS were studied. The effect of the initial column temperature and the injection solvent on the peak areas and heights of sixteen PAHs, considered as priority pollutants, USillg crosslinked methyl silicone (DB!) and 5% diphenyl, 94% dimethyl, 1% vinyl polysiloxane (DBS) columns was examined. The possibility of using high boiling point alcohols especially butanol, pentanol, cyclopentanol, and hexanol as injection solvents was investigated. Studies were carried out to optimize the initial column temperature for each of the alcohols. It was found that the optimum initial column temperature is dependent on the solvent employed. The peak areas and heights of the PAHs are enhanced when the initial column temperature is 10-20 c above the boiling point of the solvent using DB5 column, and the same or 10 C above the boiling point of the solvent using DB1 column. Comparing the peak signals of the PAHs using the alcohols, p-xylene, n-octane, and nonane as injection solvents, hexanol gave the greatest peak areas and heights of the PAHs particularly the late-eluted peaks. The detection limits were at low pg levels, ranging from 6.0 pg for fluorene t9 83.6 pg for benzo(a)pyrene. The effect of the initial column temperature on the peak shape and the separation efficiency of the PARs was also studied using DB1 and DB5 columns. Fronting or splitting of the peaks was obseIVed at very low initial column temperature. When high initial column temperature was used, tailing of the peaks appeared. Great difference between DB! and.DB5 columns in the range of the initial column temperature in which symmetrical.peaks of PAHs can be obtained is observed. Wider ranges were shown using DB5 column. Resolution of the closely-eluted PAHs was also affected by the initial column temperature depending on the stationary phase employed. In the case of DB5, only the earlyeluted PAHs were affected; whereas, with DB1, all PAHs were affected. An analytical procedure utilizing solid phase extraction with bonded phase silica (C8) cartridges combined with GC/MS was developed to analyze PAHs in water as an alternative method to those based on the extraction with organic solvent. This simple procedure involved passing a 50 ml of spiked water sample through C8 bonded phase silica cartridges at 10 ml/min, dried by passing a gentle flow of nitrogen at 20 ml/min for 30 sec, and eluting the trapped PAHs with 500 Jll of p-xylene at 0.3 ml/min. The recoveries of PAHs were greater than 80%, with less than 10% relative standard deviations of nine determinations. No major contaminants were present that could interfere with the recognition of PAHs. It was also found that these bonded phase silica cartridges can be re-used for the extraction of PAHs from water.
Download or read book Methods of Analysis by the U S Geological Survey National Water Quality Laboratory written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Aquatic Environment written by and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Determination of Organic Compounds in Natural and Treated Waters written by T R Crompton and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1999-10-14 with total page 929 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive reference which draws together and systematises the information available on the occurrence and determination of organic substances in all types of non-saline and saline natural and treated waters. It provides a comprehensive description of organic compounds in all natural and treated water types. The book includes a series of table
Download or read book Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Lake Waters and Associated Sediments written by GW. Hodgson and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Marine and fresh water sediments exhibit a wide variety of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. These range from the two-ringed biphenyl and naphthalene species to the seven-ringed coronene member, and include a variety of intermediate aromatics exhibiting isomeric differences as well as alkylated derivatives. Analytical methods were developed for this spectrum of aromatics involving extraction and purification techniques followed by a gas chromatographic separation combined with mass spectrometry for identification. In this manner, a total of 27 polycyclic aromatics were detected in Great Lakes sediments along with three aromatics and three dicarboxylic acid esters in waters of the Great Lakes. Limits of detection for aromatics were: 1 ng/liter in water, based on 30-liter water samples and 2 ng/g of dry sediment when extracted from 100 g of wet sediment.
