Download or read book Determination of Longitudinal Stress in Rails written by Stefan HURLEBAUS and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Determination of Longitudinal Stress in Rails written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Determination of Longitudinal Stress in Rails written by Ferdinand Djayaputra and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this research is to determine the longitudinal stress in rails by using the polarization of Rayleigh waves. Analytical models are developed to describe the effect of applied stress on wave speed and on the polarization of Rayleigh waves. A numerical simulation is performed to find the effect of applied stress on wave velocity and Rayleigh wave polarization. The effect of uncertainties in material properties on wave velocity and polarization of Rayleigh wave is also examined in the simulation. The experiment uses a laser Doppler vibrometer (LDV) to measure the particle velocities. The in-plane and out-of-plane velocity components are obtained from the measured particle velocities. The polarization of Rayleigh wave, which is defined as the ratio between the in-plane and out-of-plane displacements, is calculated. Furthermore, the polarization of the Rayleigh wave is considered as a measure to identify applied stress. The experiment is performed on unstressed and stressed rail specimen. Thus, Rayleigh wave polarization is obtained as a function of applied stress. The experimental results are compared with the analytical model. The result shows a good agreement with the theoretical values for unstressed rail.
Download or read book Residual stress in rails written by Oscar Orringer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1992-03-15 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These volumes contain contributions from a conference on the themes of measurement and prediction of residual stress in railroad rails. The first volume features practical railway experience and laboratory tests, while the second one presents theoretical and numerical analyses.
Download or read book Residual Stress in Rails written by O. Orringer and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-08-16 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rail integrity is a current application of engineering fracture mechanics at a practical level. Although railroad rails have been manufactured and used for more than a century, it is only in the last ten years that the effects of their crack propagation and fracture characteristics have been considered from a rational viewpoint. The J,Jractical objectives are to develop damage tolerance ~delines for rail inspection and to improve the fracture resistance of new rail productiOn. Rail fatigue crack propagation rates and fracture resistance are strongly influenced by residual stresses, which are introduced into the rail both during proouction and in service. Therefore, the rail residual stress field must be well understood before fracture mechanics can be usefully applied to the subject of rail integrity. The three-dintensional character of rail and its stress fields make it essential to apply both experimental and analytical methods in order to twderstand the effects of pro duction and service variables on residual stress and the effects of the stress on fatigue crack propagation and fracture. This volume brings to~ether field observations and experimental stress analysis of railroad rails in the Umted States and Europe. The ongoing search for an efficient and accurate technique is emphasized. A companion volume brings together several analytical investigations, based on advanced compu tational mechanics methods, for correlation of the experimental data as well as eval uation of the effects of residual stress on rail integrity.
Download or read book Residual Stress in Rails written by O. Orringer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1992-03-31 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rail integrity is a current application of engineering fracture mechanics at a practical level. Although railroad rails have been manufactured and used for more than a century, it is only in the last ten years that the effects of their crack propagation and fracture characteristics have been considered from a rational viewpoint. The J,Jractical objectives are to develop damage tolerance ~delines for rail inspection and to improve the fracture resistance of new rail productiOn. Rail fatigue crack propagation rates and fracture resistance are strongly influenced by residual stresses, which are introduced into the rail both during proouction and in service. Therefore, the rail residual stress field must be well understood before fracture mechanics can be usefully applied to the subject of rail integrity. The three-dintensional character of rail and its stress fields make it essential to apply both experimental and analytical methods in order to twderstand the effects of pro duction and service variables on residual stress and the effects of the stress on fatigue crack propagation and fracture. This volume brings to~ether field observations and experimental stress analysis of railroad rails in the Umted States and Europe. The ongoing search for an efficient and accurate technique is emphasized. A companion volume brings together several analytical investigations, based on advanced compu tational mechanics methods, for correlation of the experimental data as well as eval uation of the effects of residual stress on rail integrity.
Download or read book Nondestructive Measurement of Longitudinal Rail Stresses written by D. M. EGLE and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: OBJECTIVES ARE (1) TO STUDY EFFECT OF APPLIED NORMAL STRESS ON PROPAGATION OF ULTRASONIC WAVES (ACOUSTO-ELASTIC EFFECT) IN STEEL RAILS, AND (2) TO DEVELOP TECHNIQUE FOR IN-SITU MEASUREMENT OF LONGITUDINAL STRESSES IN RAIL. LOAD FRAME FOR STRESSING RAILS IS BEING DEVELOPED. INSTRUMENTATION FOR MEASURING TRANSIT TIME OF LONGITUDINAL WAVES IN RAIL BY 'SING-AROUND' TECHNIQUE WAS ASSEMBLED. COMPUTER PROGRAMS WERE IMPLEMENTED FOR (1) GENERATING PHASE AND GROUP VELOCITIES OF LAMB WAVES, AND (2) CALCULATING PHASE VELOCITIES IN RECTANGULAR BARS. TRANSMISSION TIMES OF SURFACE WAVE PULSES IN RAILS WERE MEASURED TO ASSESS EFFECTS OF SURFACE COLD WORKING. SURFACE WAVE VELOCITY VERSUS FREQUENCY WAS STUDIED FOR SEVERAL NEW AND USED RAILS. A NEW RAIL WAS DISTINGUISHED FROM A USED ONE, BUT OVERALL SPREAD IN DATA WAS ONLY ABOUT 0.6 PERCENT.
Download or read book Ultrasonic Measurement of Longitudinal Stress in Railroad Rail travel time Variations in Selected Samples written by Teodoro Leon-Salamanca and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Rail Quality and Maintenance for Modern Railway Operation written by J.J. Kalker and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-18 with total page 445 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In April 1990 a conference was held at the Cracow Institute of Technology, Cracow, Poland. The title of that conference was "Residual Stresses in Rails - Effects on Rail Integrity and Railroad Economics" and its themes were the measurement and prediction of residual stresses in rails, but, as the sub-title suggests, the intention was also to provide a link between research and its application to the practical railway world. At the Cracow conference there were 40 participants with 5 railways and 5 rail makers being represented and 25 papers were given. The Cracow conference was a success, and by March 1991 its off-spring, "The International Conference on Rail Quality and Maintenance for Modern Railway Operations", was conceived and birth was ultimately given in June 1992 at the Technical University, Delft. It turned out to be some baby, with 112 delegates from 24 countries taking part! As with its predecessor, the conference was to provide a forum for the exchange of ideas between research investigators, rail makers and railway engineers. A cursory examination of the list of participants suggests that about 57% were from the railway industry, 34% from universities and other research institutions and 9% from the steel industry. Bearing in mind that some of the railway industry participants were from their respective research and development organisations the balance of interests was about right.
Download or read book Residual Stress Measurement in Railroad Rails written by B. W. Maxfield and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Description of the implementation of an acoustic shear-wave birefringence method for measuring the difference in the in-plane residual stresses for the two orthogonal polarization directions. Specimens 40 mm thick were cut from the head of head-hardened and as-rolled rail sections. A permanent magnet EMAT ultrasonic system was used to measure the difference in the transit time for the two shear polarizations to an accuracy of positive/negative 2 ns which corresponds to a stress error of about positive/negative 20 20 MPa. The transit difference was measured as a function of position over the cross-section of the rail head with a spatial resolution of about 10 mm.
Download or read book Residual Stress Measurement in Railroad Rails Phase I written by B. W. Maxfield and published by [Montréal] : The Centre. This book was released on 1991 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Application of Magnetoelastic Technology to the Measurement of Stresses in Rails for High Speed Trains written by Q. Xin and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On high-speed railroad lines, several dozens of standard rails have to be welded together to make a very long seamless rail. When put into service, owing to the resistance effect of the fasteners and the crossties, such a seamless rail is allowed to expand with heat and contract with cold only within 100 m of its two ends. Thus, huge longitudinal stresses may accumulate inside the rails when the temperature of the rails changes. In a rail, the cross-sectional area of which is 77.45 cm2, and the weight of which is 60 kg per meter, 2.5 MPa of stress will be generated as the temperature of the rail changes 1°C. In a hot summer, if the daily change of the temperature of the rails is 50°C, the stress in the rails will change 75 MPa. Such a large stress in the rails can cause catastrophes. Thus, a technology for the measurement of the stresses inside such a rail in service is urgently needed.
Download or read book Fundamentals of Railway Track Engineering written by Arnold D. Kerr and published by Simmons Boardman Publishing Company. This book was released on 2003 with total page 393 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Determination of Applied Stresses in Rails Using the Acoustoelastic Effect of Ultrasonic Waves written by Shailesh Ashok Gokhale and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This research develops a procedure to determine the applied stresses in rails using the acoustoelastic effect of ultrasonic waves. Acoustoelasticity is defined as the stress dependency of ultrasonic wave speed or wave polarization. Analytical models are developed that predict the acoustoelastic effect for longitudinal waves, shear waves, Lamb waves, and Rayleigh waves. Using a programming tool, a numerical simulation of the models is generated to obtain the stress dependent curves of wave velocity and polarization of the various ultrasonic waves propagating in rail steel. A comparison of the sensitivity of the acoustoelastic effect is made to determine the feasibility of ultrasonic waves for further study. Rayleigh waves are found to be most sensitive to stress change. Rayleigh waves are generated using ultrasonic transducer and detected using a laser Doppler vibrometer (LDV). The LDV measures the in-plane and out-of-plane velocities. Polarization is defined as the ratio of in-plane and out-of-plane displacements. Initially, polarization is determined for the specimen in unstressed condition. Thereafter, the rail specimen is stressed in a compression testing machine, the experiment repeated, and the polarization determined. Thus, Rayleigh wave polarization is obtained as a function of applied stress. Finally, the change in polarization obtained experimentally is compared with the analytical model.
Download or read book Handbook of Residual Stress and Deformation of Steel written by George E. Totten and published by ASM International. This book was released on 2002 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Annotation Examines the factors that contribute to overall steel deformation problems. The 27 articles address the effect of materials and processing, the measurement and prediction of residual stress and distortion, and residual stress formation in the shaping of materials, during hardening processes, and during manufacturing processes. Some of the topics are the stability and relaxation behavior of macro and micro residual stresses, stress determination in coatings, the effects of process equipment design, the application of metallo- thermo-mechanic to quenching, inducing compressive stresses through controlled shot peening, and the origin and assessment of residual stresses during welding and brazing. Annotation c. Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com)
Download or read book Experimental Vibration Analysis for Civil Engineering Structures written by Maria Pina Limongelli and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-09-02 with total page 800 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents peer-reviewed contributions from the 10th International Conference on Experimental Vibration Analysis for Civil Engineering Structures (EVACES), held in Milan, Italy on August 30-September 1, 2023. The event brought together engineers, scientists, researchers, and practitioners, providing a forum for discussing and disseminating the latest developments and achievements in all major aspects of dynamic testing for civil engineering structures, including instrumentation, sources of excitation, data analysis, system identification, monitoring and condition assessment, in-situ and laboratory experiments, codes and standards, and vibration mitigation. The topics included but were not limited to: damage identification and structural health monitoring; testing, sensing and modeling; vibration isolation and control; system and model identification; coupled dynamical systems (including human–structure, vehicle–structure, and soil–structure interaction); and application of advanced techniques involving the Internet of Things, robot, UAV, big data and artificial intelligence.
Download or read book Determination of Residual Stresses in Railroad Rails written by Rustom Khodadad Irani and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
