Download or read book Determination Mobilization and Dechlorination of Polychlorinated Biphenyl PCB Compounds in Contaminated Soils written by Qixiang Wu and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Fate of Polychlorinated Biphenyls PCBs in Soil Following Stabilization with Quicklime written by Robert L. Einhaus and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Proceedings of the Expert Panel Workshop to Evaluate the Public Health Implications of the Treatment and Disposal of Polychlorinated Biphenyls contaminated Waste written by Maureen Y. Lichtveld and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book PCB Dechlorination in Anaerobic Soil Slurry Reactors written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many industrial locations, including the US Department of Energy's, have identified needs for treatment of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) wastes and remediation of PCB-contaminated sites. Biodegradation of PCBs is a potentially effective technology for the treatment of PCB-contaminated soils and sludges, including mixed wastes; however, a practical remediation technology has not yet been demonstrated. In laboratory experiments, soil slurry bioreactors inoculated with microorganisms extracted from PCB-contaminated sediments from the Hudson River have been used to obtain anaerobic dechlorination of PCBS. The onset of dechlorination activity can be accelerated by addition of nutritional amendments and inducers. After 15 weeks of incubation with PCB-contaminated soil and nutrient solution, dechlorination has been observed under several working conditions. The best results show that the average chlorine content steadily dropped from 4.3 to 3.5 chlorines per biphenyl over a 15-week period.
Download or read book Polychlorinated Biphenyls and Their Interaction with the Environment written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 53 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This document is a review of the existing technical literature regarding the physical and biological properties of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and their interaction with the environment. It is intended to be used when evaluating PCB-contaminated soil and the effects of specific environmental conditions on PCB degradation. PCBs are a class of chlorinated aromatic compounds with 209 possible structural arrangements. The composition of PCBs in the environment changes over time due to various physiochemical and biological properties and processes: vapor pressure, solubility, octanol-water partitioning, adsorption, and biodegradation. As the number of chlorine atoms increases, both vapor pressure and water solubility decrease, while adsorption and the octanol-water partitioning coefficient increase. Dechlorination of PCBs occurs primarily through aerobic and anaerobic microbial degradation. Aerobic bacteria preferentially dechlorinate less-chlorinated PCBs, while anaerobic bacteria preferentially dechlorinate more highly chlorinated PCBs. The less-chlorinated PCB congeners are less persistent in the environment due to volatilization, solubility, and aerobic biodegradation, while the more-chlorinated PCBs are more persistent in the environment due to adsorption. The composition of an original PCB mixture in the environment can be expected to change due to a combination of processes described above. Any attempt to determine the source of PCBs or Aroclors identified in an environment sample must be approached with caution to avoid inaccurate conclusions.
Download or read book Plant derived Compounds that Induce Polychlorinated Biphenyl Biodegradation written by Eric Seth Gilbert and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Enhancement of Site Specific Anaerobic Reductive Dechlorination of Polychlorinated Biphenyls written by Matthew John Zwiernik and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Destruction Technologies for Polychlorinated Biphenyls PCBs written by M.M. Dillon Limited and published by Environmental Protection Service. This book was released on 1983 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Data concerning methods for the destruction of PCBs are presented in this report. The information on the technologies was gathered from numerous sources to provide background information for future assessment or to assist in a selection process. The technologies reviewed fall into four categories: conventional incineration, novel incineration, chemical processes and physical/chemical processes.
Download or read book Rates of Microbial Dechlorination of Polychlorinated Biphenyls PCBs in Anaerobic Sediments from Waukegan Harbor by J B Risatti Prepared for the Illinois Hazardous Waste Research and Information Center written by James Bruno Risatti and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Biostimulation of Polychlorinated Biphenyl pcb Dechlorination in Sediments of Escambia Bay Florida written by Brittany Elise Young and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ABSTRACT: Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) contaminate the sediments of Escambia Bay in Pensacola, Florida. Given the right conditions anaerobic bacteria in sediments are capable of degrading PCBs by dechlorinating the molecule. The objective of this study is to assess, in the laboratory, conditions that may stimulate the naturally occurring bacteria in Escambia Bay to degrade the PCBs. The study may have implications for in situ treatment of contaminated sediments like these in Escambia Bay. Sediments were treated with three different electron donors (pyruvate, iron sulfide and elemental iron) that would stimulate the microbes to use the PCBs as an electron acceptor. Each treatment was tested in triplicate and allowed to dechlorinate for five months in an anaerobic environment. After five months, all three treatments resulted in a decrease in PCB concentration in sediment spiked with 2,3'4,4'5-pentachlorobiphenyl (congener 118) and in sediment spiked with Aroclor 1254. Unspiked PCB contaminated sediments showed a less consistent decrease in total PCB concentration for the various treatments. These results show that the bacteria found in Escambia Bay sediments can be stimulated to remediate the PCB contamination. Further research could develop this method into a viable in situ remediation strategy to address the contamination in Escambia Bay.
Download or read book Simultaneous Mobilization of Polychlorinated Biphenyl Compounds and Heavy Metals from a Field Contaminated Soil written by Sadia Ehsan and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "A major factor complicating the cleanup at many sites is co-contamination by both organic compounds and heavy metals. Whereas much research has focused on the removal of either organic compounds or metals, relatively few studies have investigated simultaneous removal of organic and inorganic pollutants from soil." --
Download or read book Surfactant Assisted Zerovalent Iron Dechlorination Of Polychlorinated Biphenyl In Contaminated Sediment written by Yingxin Wu and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Soil and sediment contamination by polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) is a global health and environmental concern, since PCBs are toxic and recalcitrant. The aim of this thesis is to find a remediation process to PCBs contaminated sediments by using zerovalent iron (ZVI). To begin the studies on remediation, a survey was conducted on sites contaminated by e-waste recycling activities in south China. PCBs contamination was not as severe as previously, whereas the co-existence of PCBs and heavy metals increases the difficulty of remediation. Afterwards, the feasibility PCBs degradation by ZVI in aqueous solutions was investigated. Results confirmed the stepwise dechlorination of PCBs by ZVI and the major pathway with congener specifity and regiospecifity. The relative importance of the influential factors to ZVI degradation of PCBs was in the order of surfactants > humic acid > pH > Ni2+. Sediment decontamination was studied by 1) washing with an aqueous solution of surfactant followed by ZVI dechlorination of PCBs and 2) direct mixing with ZVI and surfactant solution. The second approach gave promising results for remediation.
Download or read book The Ability of Amstar Dechlorination Solution to Remove and Degrade PCBs from Contaminated Surfaces written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-06-27 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are a group of synthetic aromatic compounds with the general formula C12H(10-x)Cl(-x) that were historically used in industrial paints, caulking material and adhesives, as their properties enhanced structural integrity, reduced flammability and boosted antifungal properties. Although the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) has banned the manufacture of PCBs since 1979, they have been found in at least 500 of the 1,598 National Priorities List (Superfund) sites identified by the USEPA. Prior to the US EPA's ban on PCB production, PCBs were commonly used as additives in paints and asphalt-based adhesives that were subsequently applied to a variety of structures. Government facilities constructed as early as 1930 utilized PCB-containing binders or PCB-containing paints, which are now leaching into the environment and posing ecological and worker health concerns. In 2006, a commercially available product known as AMSTAR Dechlorination Solution was tested at NASA's Kennedy Space Center for its ability to remove and degrade PCBs from structural materials. This evaluation was requested by the Environmental Security Technology Certification Program (ESTCP) evaluating the ability of NASA's Bimetallic Treatment System (BTS) to remove and degrade PCBs from structural materials. The results of the laboratory testing are to be used to determine if a side-by-side field-scale test comparing BTS to AMSTAR was warranted. A recommended sampling and analysis testing program was submitted to ESTCP that included triplicate screening of AMSTAR's PCB dechlorination capabilities on a variety of surfaces including glass, bare metal, and painted metal coupons. The test procedures, analytical techniques and results obtained are presented in this interim report to ESTCP. Quinn, Jacqueline E. Kennedy Space Center KSC-2006-113
Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 674 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Determination of Polychlorinated Biphenyls PCBs in Sediment and Biota written by Lynda Webster and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Bioavailability of Contaminants in Soils and Sediments written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2003-05-03 with total page 433 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bioavailability refers to the extent to which humans and ecological receptors are exposed to contaminants in soil or sediment. The concept of bioavailability has recently piqued the interest of the hazardous waste industry as an important consideration in deciding how much waste to clean up. The rationale is that if contaminants in soil and sediment are not bioavailable, then more contaminant mass can be left in place without creating additional risk. A new NRC report notes that the potential for the consideration of bioavailability to influence decision-making is greatest where certain chemical, environmental, and regulatory factors align. The current use of bioavailability in risk assessment and hazardous waste cleanup regulations is demystified, and acceptable tools and models for bioavailability assessment are discussed and ranked according to seven criteria. Finally, the intimate link between bioavailability and bioremediation is explored. The report concludes with suggestions for moving bioavailability forward in the regulatory arena for both soil and sediment cleanup.
Download or read book A Risk Management Strategy for PCB Contaminated Sediments written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2001-06-07 with total page 451 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a risk-based framework for developing and implementing strategies to manage PCB-contaminated sediments at sites around the country. The framework has seven stages, beginning with problem definition, continuing through assessment of risks and management options, and ending with an evaluation of the success of the management strategy. At the center of the framework is continuous and active involvement of all affected parties-particularly communities-in the development, implementation, and evaluation of the management strategy. A Risk-Management Strategy for PCB-Contaminated Sediments emphasizes the need to consider all risks at a contaminated site, not just human health and ecological effects, but also the social, cultural, and economic impacts. Given the controversy that has arisen at many PCB-contaminated sites, this book provides a consistent, yet flexible, approach for dealing with the many issues associated with assessing and managing the risks at Superfund and other contaminated sites.
