Download or read book Determinants of Dispensing Location in the TRICARE Senior Pharmacy Program written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The MHS serves approximately 8.6 million eligible beneficiaries, including active-duty military personnel and their family members (dependents), retired military personnel and their dependents, and surviving dependents of deceased military personnel. TRICARE, the program that administers health care for the DoD, includes a pharmacy benefit that provides coverage for virtually all U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved prescription medications. Prior to fiscal year (FY) 2001, elderly military retirees and their dependents who wished to use their military benefits to fill a prescription could do so only at a MTF outpatient pharmacy; However, some drugs that were frequently prescribed by civilian providers were not always available at MTFs because of formulary restrictions. As of FY 2001, DoD introduced a new program for elderly military retirees and their dependents, entitled TRICARE Senior Rx (TSRx). TSRx beneficiaries can now fill their prescriptions at any of four points of service: (1) outpatient pharmacies at MTFs; (2) the TRICARE Mail Order Pharmacy (TMOP), 3 currently administered by Express Scripts Inc.; (3) retail pharmacies contracted by regional TRICARE contractors (referred to as "network" pharmacies); and (4) non-network retail pharmacies. The TMOP dispenses drugs for chronic conditions. Although it cannot dispense a few drugs, such as atorvastatin, without proof of medical necessity the overwhelming majority of drugs for chronic conditions are available. Retail pharmacies have completely open formularies: TRICARE reimburses them for all prescriptions except those specifically excluded from TRICARE coverage.
Download or read book Determinants of Dispensing Location in the TRICARE Senior Pharmacy Program written by Jesse D. Malkin and published by Rand Corporation. This book was released on 2005 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent growth is the military health system (MHS) is partly attributable to the TRICARE Senior Pharmacy (TSRx) program, which expanded pharmacy coverage for elderly MHS beneficiaries. In principle, the Department of Defense (DoD) can reduce its pharmacy acquisition costs by shifting prescribing from retail pharmacies to MTF pharmacies and/or the TRICARE mail order pharmacy. To help develop policy options that can improve DoD's ability to manage acquisition costs of the TSRx program, this study provides information about where TSRx beneficiaries receive their medications and what factors influence where they choose to obtain their medications. Among the findings: (1) Although a majority of TSRx prescriptions in FY02 were dispensed from MTF pharmacies, a majority of TSRx estimated ingredient costs were attributable to drugs dispensed from retail pharmacies. (2) Estimated ingredient costs could be reduced if dispensing shifted from retail pharmacies to dispensing locations where federal pricing is the basis of DoD's ingredient cost. (3) Geographic proximity to MTFs was strongly associated with TSRx use and utilization patterns. (4) Within two major therapeutic classes-antihyperlipidemics and gastrointestinals-the availability of a drug at a MTF was associated with increased use of the MTF and reduced use of retail pharmacies to fill other prescriptions.
Download or read book NTIS Alert written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Hearing on National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2009 and Oversight of Previously Authorized Programs Before the Committee on Armed Services House of Representatives One Hundred Tenth Congress Second Session written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Armed Services. Subcommittee on Military Personnel and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book American Book Publishing Record written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 928 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Description and Analysis of the VA National Formulary written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2000-10-03 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The VA National Formulary generated controversy, which motivated congressional scrutiny and a directive to the VA to commission this report reviewing the experience with the National Formulary and formulary system. This Institute of Medicine committee was pleased to assist the Congress with this review, in part because the committee saw in the VHA example an opportunity to understand and anticipate problems that all publicly funded programs are likely to encounter in this new age of pharmaceuticals. The Congress asked the committee to review the restrictiveness of the National Formulary, its impact on the costs and quality of care in the VHA, and how it compared to formularies and drug management practices in the private sector and in other public programs, especially Medicaid. Detailed in the pages that follow, the committee's findings and conclusions on these questions are, the committee believes, highly instructive, though not always in the ways that we anticipated.
Download or read book Civilian Health and Medical Program of the Uniformed Services CHAMPUS written by and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 1026 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Pharmacy Use and Costs in Employer provided Health Plans written by Geoffrey Joyce and published by Rand Corporation. This book was released on 2005 with total page 79 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The military health system, as well as the private health care sector, has experienced rapid growth in pharmaceutical expenditures. In 2002 alone, the Department of Defense spent about $3 billion on outpatient pharmacy benefits. As part of an effort to redesign the TRICARE pharmacy benefit to save costs, the Department of Defense is considering moving from a two-tiered to a three-tiered co-payment system, which will increase the co-payment for some classes and brands of drugs. Providers (acting in the interest of their patients) would, theoretically, have an incentive to prescribe less-costly options. To predict how changing to a three-tiered system will affect costs and pharmacy utilization, the authors use an existing data resource to determine how beneficiaries age 45 to 64 in private-sector health plans responded to similar changes in pharmacy benefits. In this analysis, the authors assess, among other potential outcomes, how changing to a three-tiered system would affect aggregate costs and pharmacy utilization and how it would affect the utilization of specific (high-cost) classes of medications.
Download or read book Relieving Pain in America written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-10-26 with total page 383 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chronic pain costs the nation up to $635 billion each year in medical treatment and lost productivity. The 2010 Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act required the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) to enlist the Institute of Medicine (IOM) in examining pain as a public health problem. In this report, the IOM offers a blueprint for action in transforming prevention, care, education, and research, with the goal of providing relief for people with pain in America. To reach the vast multitude of people with various types of pain, the nation must adopt a population-level prevention and management strategy. The IOM recommends that HHS develop a comprehensive plan with specific goals, actions, and timeframes. Better data are needed to help shape efforts, especially on the groups of people currently underdiagnosed and undertreated, and the IOM encourages federal and state agencies and private organizations to accelerate the collection of data on pain incidence, prevalence, and treatments. Because pain varies from patient to patient, healthcare providers should increasingly aim at tailoring pain care to each person's experience, and self-management of pain should be promoted. In addition, because there are major gaps in knowledge about pain across health care and society alike, the IOM recommends that federal agencies and other stakeholders redesign education programs to bridge these gaps. Pain is a major driver for visits to physicians, a major reason for taking medications, a major cause of disability, and a key factor in quality of life and productivity. Given the burden of pain in human lives, dollars, and social consequences, relieving pain should be a national priority.
Download or read book The 340B Drug Pricing Program written by Felix C. Larsen and published by Nova Snova. This book was released on 2020-05-12 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 340B Drug Pricing Program (340B Program) and the Medicaid Drug Rebate Program require manufacturers to provide discounts on outpatient drugs in order to have their drugs covered by Medicaid. These discounts take the form of reduced sales prices for covered entities participating in the 340B Program--eligible hospitals and federal grantees--and rebates on drugs dispensed to Medicaid beneficiaries, shared by states and the federal government. This book looks at important issues pertaining to the 340B Drug Pricing Program.
Download or read book Improving the Quality of Health Care for Mental and Substance Use Conditions written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2006-03-29 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Each year, more than 33 million Americans receive health care for mental or substance-use conditions, or both. Together, mental and substance-use illnesses are the leading cause of death and disability for women, the highest for men ages 15-44, and the second highest for all men. Effective treatments exist, but services are frequently fragmented and, as with general health care, there are barriers that prevent many from receiving these treatments as designed or at all. The consequences of this are seriousâ€"for these individuals and their families; their employers and the workforce; for the nation's economy; as well as the education, welfare, and justice systems. Improving the Quality of Health Care for Mental and Substance-Use Conditions examines the distinctive characteristics of health care for mental and substance-use conditions, including payment, benefit coverage, and regulatory issues, as well as health care organization and delivery issues. This new volume in the Quality Chasm series puts forth an agenda for improving the quality of this care based on this analysis. Patients and their families, primary health care providers, specialty mental health and substance-use treatment providers, health care organizations, health plans, purchasers of group health care, and all involved in health care for mental and substanceâ€"use conditions will benefit from this guide to achieving better care.
Download or read book CHAMPUS Eligibility written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 2 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Section 1557 of the Affordable Care Act written by American Dental Association and published by American Dental Association. This book was released on 2017-05-24 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Section 1557 is the nondiscrimination provision of the Affordable Care Act (ACA). This brief guide explains Section 1557 in more detail and what your practice needs to do to meet the requirements of this federal law. Includes sample notices of nondiscrimination, as well as taglines translated for the top 15 languages by state.
Download or read book Compounded Topical Pain Creams written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2020-07-21 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pain is both a symptom and a disease. It manifests in multiple forms and its treatment is complex. Physical, social, economic, and emotional consequences of pain can impair an individual's overall health, well-being, productivity, and relationships in myriad ways. The impact of pain at a population level is vast and, while estimates differ, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reported that 50 million U.S. adults are living in pain. In terms of pain's global impact, estimates suggest the problem affects approximately 1 in 5 adults across the world, with nearly 1 in 10 adults newly diagnosed with chronic pain each year. In recent years, the issues surrounding the complexity of pain management have contributed to increased demand for alternative strategies for treating pain. One such strategy is to expand use of topical pain medicationsâ€"medications applied to intact skin. This nonoral route of administration for pain medication has the potential benefit, in theory, of local activity and fewer systemic side effects. Compounding is an age-old pharmaceutical practice of combining, mixing, or adjusting ingredients to create a tailored medication to meet the needs of a patient. The aim of compounding, historically, has been to provide patients with access to therapeutic alternatives that are safe and effective, especially for people with clinical needs that cannot otherwise be met by commercially available FDA-approved drugs. Compounded Topical Pain Creams explores issues regarding the safety and effectiveness of the ingredients in these pain creams. This report analyzes the available scientific data relating to the ingredients used in compounded topical pain creams and offers recommendations regarding the treatment of patients.
Download or read book Recognition of Contingent Liabilities Arising from Litigation written by United States. Office of Management and Budget and published by U.S. Government Printing Office. This book was released on 1999 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Manual for Pharmacy Technicians written by Bonnie S. Bachenheimer and published by ASHP. This book was released on 2019-08-15 with total page 1066 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Trusted Training Resource for Pharmacy Technicians at All Levels The role of pharmacy technicians is rapidly expanding, and demand for well-trained technicians has never been higher! Technicians are assuming more responsibilities and are taking on greater leadership roles. Quality training material is increasingly important for new technicians entering the field, and current technicians looking to advance. Look no further than the new 5th edition of the best-selling Manual for Pharmacy Technicians to master the practical skills and gain the foundational knowledge all technicians need to be successful.
