Download or read book Detecting WIMPs Neutrinos and Axions in the Next Generation of Dark Matter Experiment written by Ciaran A. J. O'Hare and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Sources and Detection of Dark Matter and Dark Energy in the Universe written by David Cline and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-25 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These proceedings provide the latest results on dark matter and dark energy research. The UCLA Department of Physics and Astronomy hosted its tenth Dark Matter and Dark Energy conference in Marina del Rey and brought together all the leaders in the field. The symposium provided a scientific forum for the latest discussions in the field. Topics covered at the symposium: •Status of measurements of the equation of state of dark energy and new experiments •The search for missing energy events at the LHC and implications for dark matter search •Theoretical calculations on all forms of dark matter (SUSY, axions, sterile neutrinos, etc.) •Status of the indirect search for dark matter •Status of the direct search for dark matter in detectors around the world •The low-mass wimp search region •The next generation of very large dark matter detectors •New underground laboratories for dark matter search
Download or read book Noble Gas Detectors written by Elena Aprile and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2007-02-27 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses the physical properties of noble fluids, operational principles of detectors based on these media, and the best technical solutions to the design of these detectors. Essential attention is given to detector technology: purification methods and monitoring of purity, information readout methods, electronics, detection of hard ultra-violet light emission, selection of materials, cryogenics etc. The book is mostly addressed to physicists and graduate students involved in the preparation of fundamental next generation experiments, nuclear engineers developing instrumentation for national nuclear security and for monitoring nuclear materials.
Download or read book Searches for WIMPs and Axions with the XENON1T Experiment written by Jingqiang Ye and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Numerous evidence suggests that the majority of matter in the Universe is made of a rarely interacting, non-luminous component, termed dark matter. The XENON1T experiment, utilizing a two-phase liquid xenon time projection chamber, was primarily designed to search for Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs), one of the most promising dark matter candidates. With one tonne-year exposure, XENON1T placed the most stringent upper limits of WIMP interaction strength for a large range of WIMP masses and a variety of interaction types. The unprecedented low background in XENON1T also enabled competitive searches for electronic recoil signals. An excess was observed above the known background at low energies and is most prominent between 2 and 3 keVee. This excess favors solar axions over backgrounds at 3.4 sigma, a hypothetical particle arising from the Peccei-Quinn theory to solve the strong CP problem. The resulting axion couplings, however, are in strong tension with astrophysical constraints. The excess can also be explained by beta decays of tritium at 3.2 sigma with a trace amount, which can neither be confirmed nor be rejected with the current knowledge of its production and mitigation mechanisms. If an unconstrained tritium component is added to both alternate and null hypotheses, the significance of the solar axion hypothesis is reduced to 2.0 sigma. This search also includes other electronic recoil signals, such as an enhanced neutrino magnetic moment, bosonic dark matter, and leptophilic dark matter. The prospect of XENONnT, the next-generation experiment that is expected to take science data in 2021, is also discussed in the context of searching for WIMPs and deciphering the excess observed in XENON1T, respectively.
Download or read book Prospects for Detecting Dark Matter with Neutrino Telescopes in Light of Recent Results from Direct Detection Experiments written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Direct detection dark matter experiments, lead by the CDMS collaboration, have placed increasingly stronger constraints on the cross sections for elastic scattering of WIMPs on nucleons. These results impact the prospects for the indirect detection of dark matter using neutrino telescopes. With this in mind, we revisit the prospects for detecting neutrinos produced by the annihilation of WIMPs in the Sun. We find that the latest bounds do not seriously limit the models most accessible to next generation kilometer-scale neutrino telescopes such as IceCube. This is largely due to the fact that models with significant spin-dependent couplings to protons are the least constrained and, at the same time, the most promising because of the efficient capture of WIMPs in the Sun. We identify models where dark matter particles are beyond the reach of any planned direct detection experiments while within reach of neutrino telescopes. In summary, we find that, even when contemplating recent direct detection results, neutrino telescopes still have the opportunity to play an important as well as complementary role in the search for particle dark matter.
Download or read book Using MiniCLEAN and Measurements of Microphysical Material Properties in the Vacuum Ultraviolet Regime to Inform Next generation Dark Matter and Neutrino Detectors written by Christopher Pete Benson and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many compelling pieces of indirect evidence pointing to the existence of dark matter. While a confirmed and direct signature of dark matter has yet to be observed, many theoretical models have been developed in an attempt to explain the indirect evidence and to provide phenomenological models that can be tested with targeted experiments. The WIMP is a well-motivated dark matter candidate currently being sought for by several experiments. A variety of detector technologies are utilized, including liquid noble detectors, to look for WIMP scattering as a direct signature of dark matter. The CLEAN experiment is a proposed single-phase, monolithic, large-scale liquid argon experiment designed to look for high-mass WIMPs. A liquid neon target could be exchanged with the argon target to study solar neutrinos and to test the A2 dependence of a possible dark matter signal. Before scaling up to the multi-tonne scale of the full CLEAN detector, the design philosophy and background rejection capabilities required for the next-generation project are being tested using the MiniCLEAN prototype. As of mid-2018, MiniCLEAN has been constructed at SNOLAB and is currently being filled with natural liquid argon for a dark matter run. Following a short dark matter run, MiniCLEAN will be spiked with elevated levels of 39Ar to test the scaling limits of pulse shape discrimination, the primary method for electronic background rejection. These results will inform existing experiments and the next-generation of large-scale liquid argon detectors. A good understanding of light propagation is critical for optical experiments such as CLEAN, whose event reconstruction and background rejection relies primarily on scintillation light collection. This work presents two classes of complementary results which are expected to improve the modeling of scintillation light collection in current and future neutrino and dark matter detectors. These are, first, the dependence of the scintillation light time structure (triplet lifetime) and relative light yield of gaseous argon as a function of impurity level and, second, the measurement of several parameters critical to constructing a microphysically-motivated model of tetraphenyl butadiene (TPB) wavelength shifting thin films - a technology which is commonly used in many existing and proposed liquid noble gas experiments.
Download or read book Particle Dark Matter written by Gianfranco Bertone and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-01-07 with total page 763 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Describes the dark matter problem in particle physics, astrophysics and cosmology for graduate students and researchers.
Download or read book Low Temperature Detectors for Neutrinos and Dark Matter written by Klaus Pretzl and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 169 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For the last few years astrophysicists and elementary particle physicists have been working jointly on the following fascinating phenomena: 1. The solar neutrino puzzle and the question: What happens to the neutrinos on their way from the sun to the earth? 2. The growing evidence that our universe is filled with about 10 times more matter than is visible and the question: What is dark matter made of? 3. The supernovae explosions and the question: What do neutrinos tell us about such explosions and vice versa? The experimental investigation of these phenomena is difficult and involves unconventional techniques. These are presently under development, and bring together such seemingly disparate disciplines as astrophysics and elementary particle physics on the one hand and superconductivity and solid-state physics on the other. This book contains the proceedings of a workshop held in March 1987 at which the above subjects and their experimental investigation were discussed. The proposed experimental methods are very new. They involve frontier developments in low temperature and solid-state physics. The book should be useful to researchers and students who actively work on these subjects or plan to enter the field. It also offers the non-expert reader with some physics background a good survey of the activities in this field.
Download or read book Dark Matter Neutrinos and Our Solar System written by Nirmala Prakash and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2013 with total page 674 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes these issues in terms of links, between cosmology, particle and nuclear physics, as well as between cosmology, atmospheric and terrestrial physics. It studies the constituents of dark matter (classified as hot warm and cold) first in terms of their individual structures, and second, in terms of facilities available to detect these structures. Neutrinos are treated as a separate entity. The last chapter details the real-time stories about the "regions" that were not explored thus far, for lack of advanced technology. Their untold stories (which span up to 2010) are illustrated here datewise in full. The book concludes with the latest news that the Large Hadron Collider team at CERN has finally succeeded in producing 7 trillion electronic Volts of energy by creating head-on-collisions of protons and more protons (in search of God-particle).
Download or read book Low Temperature Detectors for Neutrinos and Dark Matter II written by Luis Gonzalez-Mestres and published by Atlantica Séguier Frontières. This book was released on 1988 with total page 534 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Behind the Scenes of the Universe written by Gianfranco Bertone and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2013-10-10 with total page 183 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An extraordinary discovery has recently shaken the foundations of Cosmology and Particle Physics, sparking a scientific revolution that has profoundly modified our understanding of our Universe and that is still far from over. Pioneering astronomers in the 1920s and 1930s had already noticed suspicious anomalies in the motion of celestial bodies in distant galaxies and clusters of galaxies, but it wasn't until the late 20th century that the scientific community was confronted with an astonishing conclusion: the Universe is filled with an unknown, elusive substance that is fundamentally different from anything we have ever seen with our telescopes or measured in our laboratories. It is called dark matter, and it constitutes one of the most pressing challenges of modern science. In this book, aimed at the general reader with an interest in science, the author illustrates in non-technical terms, borrowing concepts and ideas from other branches of art and literature, the far-reaching implications of this discovery. It has led to a worldwide race to identify the nature of this mysterious form of matter. We may be about to witness a pivotal paradigm shift in Physics, as we set out to test the existence of dark matter particles with a wide array of experiments, including the Large Hadron Collider at CERN, as well as with a new generation of Astroparticle experiments underground and in space.
Download or read book The Identification of Dark Matter written by Neil J. C. Spooner and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2001 with total page 666 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of the workshop series ?The Identification of Dark Matter? is to assess critically the status of work attempting to identify what constitutes dark matter; in particular, to consider what techniques are currently being used, how successful they are, and what new techniques are likely to improve the prospects for identifying dark matter candidates in the future. This proceedings volume includes reviews on major particle astrophysics topics in the field of dark matter, as well as short contributed papers.
Download or read book Theory Meets Experiment Proceedings Of The Johns Hopkins Workshop On Current Problems In Particle Theory 18 written by Roberto Casalbuoni and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1995-06-29 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The workshop collected together theoreticians and experimentalists for a discussion about the most recent experiments and their impact on theoretical ideas. The discussion included the new data from LEP and SLD, the evidence for the top quark from Tevatron, the structure function measurements from HERA, and the searches for dark matter. Also, new projects for physics with large neutrino detectors and CP violation at e+e- factories were presented, and a survey of high energy astroparticle physics was included. Particular attention was paid to the interplay between microscopical and cosmological scales.
Download or read book Heavy WIMP Effective Theory written by Mikhail P. Solon and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-02-22 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is about dark matter’s particle nature and the implications of a new symmetry that appears when a hypothetical dark matter particle is heavy compared to known elementary particles. Dark matter exists and composes about 85% of the matter in the universe, but it cannot be explained in terms of the known elementary particles. Discovering dark matter's particle nature is one of the most pressing open problems in particle physics. This thesis derives the implications of a new symmetry that appears when the hypothetical dark matter particle is heavy compared to the known elementary particles, a situation which is well motivated by the null results of searches at the LHC and elsewhere. The new symmetry predicts a universal interaction between dark matter and ordinary matter, which in turn may be used to determine the event rate and detectable energy in dark matter direct detection experiments. The computation of heavy wino and higgsino dark matter presented in this work has become a benchmark for the field of direct detection. This thesis has also spawned a new field of investigation in dark matter indirect detection, determining heavy WIMP annihilation rates using effective field theory methods. It describes a new formalism for implementing Lorentz invariance constraints in nonrelativistic theories, with a surprising result at 1/M^4 order that contradicts the prevailing ansatz in the past 20 years of heavy quark literature. The author has also derived new perturbative QCD results to provide the definitive analysis of key Standard Model observables such as heavy quark scalar matrix elements of the nucleon. This is an influential thesis, with impacts in dark matter phenomenology, field theory formalism and precision hadronic physics.
Download or read book Second generation Dark matter Axion Search written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This research project is a collaboration with the axion search experiment at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. The axion is a particle that affects two important issues in particle physics and astrophysics: the origin of CP symmetry in the strong interactions, and the composition of the dark-matter of the universe. First predicted in 1978, present laboratory, astrophysical, and cosmological constraints suggest axions have a mass in the 1 [mu]eV-1 meV range. Axions are especially significant as dark matter if their mass is in the range 1-10 [mu]eV. These dark matter axions may be detected by their coupling to photons through the E - B interaction in a tunable high-Q microwave cavity permeated by a strong external magnetic field. The present experiment is the first cavity experiment with the sensitivity to possibly observe cosmic axions. It has recently begun taking data and will operate for the next several years. The University of Florida plans to contribute to the operation of this detector and to the design and prototyping of cavities for the experiment.
Download or read book Neutrinos Dark Matter and the Universe written by Thierry Stolarczyk and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Quest for the Fundamental Constants in Cosmology written by Jean Audouze and published by Atlantica Séguier Frontières. This book was released on 1990 with total page 430 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
