Download or read book Continuous Time Sigma Delta A D Conversion written by Friedel Gerfers and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-02-27 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sigma-delta A/D converters are a key building block in wireless and multimedia applications. This comprehensive book deals with all relevant aspects arising during the analysis, design and simulation of the now widespread continuous-time implementations of sigma-delta modulators. The results of several years of research by the authors in the field of CT sigma-delta modulators are covered, including the analysis and modeling of different CT modulator architectures, CT/DT loop filter synthesis, a detailed error analysis of all components, and possible compensation/correction schemes for the non-ideal behavior in CT sigma-delta modulators. Guidance for obtaining low-power consumption and several practical implementations are also presented. It is shown that all the proposed new theories, architectures and possible correction techniques have been confirmed by measurements on discrete or integrated circuits. Quantitative results are also provided, thus enabling prediction of the resulting accuracy.

Download or read book Understanding Delta Sigma Data Converters written by Shanthi Pavan and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-01-24 with total page 596 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new edition introduces operation and design techniques for Sigma-Delta converters in physical and conceptual terms, and includes chapters which explore developments in the field over the last decade Includes information on MASH architectures, digital-to-analog converter (DAC) mismatch and mismatch shaping Investigates new topics including continuous-time ΔΣ analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) principles and designs, circuit design for both continuous-time and discrete-time ΔΣ ADCs, decimation and interpolation filters, and incremental ADCs Provides emphasis on practical design issues for industry professionals

Download or read book Sigma Delta Converters Practical Design Guide written by Jose M. de la Rosa and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-11-05 with total page 581 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thoroughly revised and expanded to help readers systematically increase their knowledge and insight about Sigma-Delta Modulators Sigma-Delta Modulators (SDMs) have become one of the best choices for the implementation of analog/digital interfaces of electronic systems integrated in CMOS technologies. Compared to other kinds of Analog-to-Digital Converters (ADCs), Σ∆Ms cover one of the widest conversion regions of the resolution-versus-bandwidth plane, being the most efficient solution to digitize signals in an increasingly number of applications, which span from high-resolution low-bandwidth digital audio, sensor interfaces, and instrumentation, to ultra-low power biomedical systems and medium-resolution broadband wireless communications. Following the spirit of its first edition, Sigma-Delta Converters: Practical Design Guide, 2nd Edition takes a comprehensive look at SDMs, their diverse types of architectures, circuit techniques, analysis synthesis methods, and CAD tools, as well as their practical design considerations. It compiles and updates the current research reported on the topic, and explains the multiple trade-offs involved in the whole design flow of Sigma-Delta Modulators—from specifications to chip implementation and characterization. The book follows a top-down approach in order to provide readers with the necessary understanding about recent advances, trends, and challenges in state-of-the-art Σ∆Ms. It makes more emphasis on two key points, which were not treated so deeply in the first edition: It includes a more detailed explanation of Σ∆Ms implemented using Continuous-Time (CT) circuits, going from system-level synthesis to practical circuit limitations. It provides more practical case studies and applications, as well as a deeper description of the synthesis methodologies and CAD tools employed in the design of Σ∆ converters. Sigma-Delta Converters: Practical Design Guide, 2nd Edition serves as an excellent textbook for undergraduate and graduate students in electrical engineering as well as design engineers working on SD data-converters, who are looking for a uniform and self-contained reference in this hot topic. With this goal in mind, and based on the feedback received from readers, the contents have been revised and structured to make this new edition a unique monograph written in a didactical, pedagogical, and intuitive style.

Download or read book Design Techniques for Mash Continuous Time Delta Sigma Modulators written by Qiyuan Liu and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-03-27 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes a circuit architecture for converting real analog signals into a digital format, suitable for digital signal processors. This architecture, referred to as multi-stage noise-shaping (MASH) Continuous-Time Sigma-Delta Modulators (CT-ΔΣM), has the potential to provide better digital data quality and achieve better data rate conversion with lower power consumption. The authors not only cover MASH continuous-time sigma delta modulator fundamentals, but also provide a literature review that will allow students, professors, and professionals to catch up on the latest developments in related technology.

Download or read book Low Power Design Techniques and CAD Tools for Analog and RF Integrated Circuits written by Piet Wambacq and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-05-08 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This unique book provides an overview of the current state of the art and very recent research results that have been achieved as part of the Low-Power Initiative of the European Union, in the field of analogue, RF and mixed-signal design methodologies and CAD tools.

Download or read book Design of Power Efficient Highly Digital Analog to Digital Converters for Next Generation Wireless Communication Systems written by Xinpeng Xing and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-10-04 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses both architecture- and circuit-level design aspects of voltage-controlled-oscillator (VCO)-based analog-to-digital converters (ADCs), especially focusing on mitigation of VCO nonlinearity and the improvement of power efficiency. It shows readers how to develop power-efficient complementary-metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) ADCs for applications such as LTE, 802.11n, and VDSL2+. The material covered can also be applied to other specifications and technologies. Design of Power-Efficient Highly Digital Analog-to-Digital Converters for Next-Generation Wireless Communication Systems begins with a general introduction to the applications of an ADC in communications systems and the basic concepts of VCO-based ADCs. The text addresses a wide range of converter architectures including open- and closed-loop technologies. Special attention is paid to the replacement of power-hungry analog blocks with VCO-based circuits and to the mitigation of VCO nonline arity. Various MATLAB®/Simulink® models are provided for important circuit nonidealities, allowing designers and researchers to determine the required specifications for the different building blocks that form the systematic integrated-circuit design procedure. Five different VCO-based ADC design examples are presented, introducing innovations at both architecture and circuit levels. Of these designs, the best power efficiency of a high-bandwidth oversampling ADC is achieved in a 40 nm CMOS demonstration. This book is essential reading material for engineers and researchers working on low-power-analog and mixed-signal design and may be used by instructors teaching advanced courses on the subject. It provides a clear overview and comparison of VCO-based ADC architectures and gives the reader insight into the most important circuit imperfections.

Download or read book Continuous Time Delta Sigma Modulators for High Speed A D Conversion written by James A. Cherry and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-04-18 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Among analog-to-digital converters, the delta-sigma modulator has cornered the market on high to very high resolution converters at moderate speeds, with typical applications such as digital audio and instrumentation. Interest has recently increased in delta-sigma circuits built with a continuous-time loop filter rather than the more common switched-capacitor approach. Continuous-time delta-sigma modulators offer less noisy virtual ground nodes at the input, inherent protection against signal aliasing, and the potential to use a physical rather than an electrical integrator in the first stage for novel applications like accelerometers and magnetic flux sensors. More significantly, they relax settling time restrictions so that modulator clock rates can be raised. This opens the possibility of wideband (1 MHz or more) converters, possibly for use in radio applications at an intermediate frequency so that one or more stages of mixing might be done in the digital domain. Continuous-Time Delta-Sigma Modulators for High-Speed A/D Conversion: Theory, Practice and Fundamental Performance Limits covers all aspects of continuous-time delta-sigma modulator design, with particular emphasis on design for high clock speeds. The authors explain the ideal design of such modulators in terms of the well-understood discrete-time modulator design problem and provide design examples in Matlab. They also cover commonly-encountered non-idealities in continuous-time modulators and how they degrade performance, plus a wealth of material on the main problems (feedback path delays, clock jitter, and quantizer metastability) in very high-speed designs and how to avoid them. They also give a concrete design procedure for a real high-speed circuit which illustrates the tradeoffs in the selection of key parameters. Detailed circuit diagrams, simulation results and test results for an integrated continuous-time 4 GHz band-pass modulator for A/D conversion of 1 GHz analog signals are also presented. Continuous-Time Delta-Sigma Modulators for High-Speed A/D Conversion: Theory, Practice and Fundamental Performance Limits concludes with some promising modulator architectures and a list of the challenges that remain in this exciting field.

Download or read book The Design of Low Voltage Low Power Sigma Delta Modulators written by Shahriar Rabii and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oversampling techniques based on sigma-delta modulation are widely used to implement the analog/digital interfaces in CMOS VLSI technologies. This approach is relatively insensitive to imperfections in the manufacturing process and offers numerous advantages for the realization of high-resolution analog-to-digital (A/D) converters in the low-voltage environment that is increasingly demanded by advanced VLSI technologies and by portable electronic systems. In The Design of Low-Voltage, Low-Power Sigma-Delta Modulators, an analysis of power dissipation in sigma-delta modulators is presented, and a low-voltage implementation of a digital-audio performance A/D converter based on the results of this analysis is described. Although significant power savings can typically be achieved in digital circuits by reducing the power supply voltage, the power dissipation in analog circuits actually tends to increase with decreasing supply voltages. Oversampling architectures are a potentially power-efficient means of implementing high-resolution A/D converters because they reduce the number and complexity of the analog circuits in comparison with Nyquist-rate converters. In fact, it is shown that the power dissipation of a sigma-delta modulator can approach that of a single integrator with the resolution and bandwidth required for a given application. In this research the influence of various parameters on the power dissipation of the modulator has been evaluated and strategies for the design of a power-efficient implementation have been identified. The Design of Low-Voltage, Low-Power Sigma-Delta Modulators begins with an overview of A/D conversion, emphasizing sigma-delta modulators. It includes a detailed analysis of noise in sigma-delta modulators, analyzes power dissipation in integrator circuits, and addresses practical issues in the circuit design and testing of a high-resolution modulator. The Design of Low-Voltage, Low-Power Sigma-Delta Modulators will be of interest to practicing engineers and researchers in the areas of mixed-signal and analog integrated circuit design.

Download or read book Systematic Design of Sigma Delta Analog to Digital Converters written by Ovidiu Bajdechi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2004-04-30 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Systematic Design of Sigma-Delta Analog-to-Digital Converters describes the issues related to the sigma-delta analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) design in a systematic manner: from the top level of abstraction represented by the filters defining signal and noise transfer functions (STF, NTF), passing through the architecture level where topology-related performance is calculated and simulated, and finally down to parameters of circuit elements like resistors, capacitors, and amplifier transconductances used in individual integrators. The systematic approach allows the evaluation of different loop filters (order, aggressiveness, discrete-time or continuous-time implementation) with quantizers varying in resolution. Topologies explored range from simple single loops to multiple cascaded loops with complex structures including more feedbacks and feedforwards. For differential circuits, with switched-capacitor integrators for discrete-time (DT) loop filters and active-RC for continuous-time (CT) ones, the passive integrator components are calculated and the power consumption is estimated, based on top-level requirements like harmonic distortion and noise budget. This unified, systematic approach to choosing the best sigma-delta ADC implementation for a given design target yields an interesting solution for a high-resolution, broadband (DSL-like) ADC operated at low oversampling ratio, which is detailed down to transistor-level schematics. The target audience of Systematic Design of Sigma-Delta Analog-to-Digital Converters are engineers designing sigma-delta ADCs and/or switched-capacitor and continuous-time filters, both beginners and experienced. It is also intended for students/academics involved in sigma-delta and analog CAD research.

Download or read book CMOS Sigma Delta Converters written by Jose M. de la Rosa and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-03-13 with total page 463 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive overview of Sigma-Delta Analog-to-Digital Converters (ADCs) and a practical guide to their design in nano-scale CMOS for optimal performance. This book presents a systematic and comprehensive compilation of sigma-delta converter operating principles, the new advances in architectures and circuits, design methodologies and practical considerations − going from system-level specifications to silicon integration, packaging and measurements, with emphasis on nanometer CMOS implementation. The book emphasizes practical design issues – from high-level behavioural modelling in MATLAB/SIMULINK, to circuit-level implementation in Cadence Design FrameWork II. As well as being a comprehensive reference to the theory, the book is also unique in that it gives special importance on practical issues, giving a detailed description of the different steps that constitute the whole design flow of sigma-delta ADCs. The book begins with an introductory survey of sigma-delta modulators, their fundamentals architectures and synthesis methods covered in Chapter 1. In Chapter 2, the effect of main circuit error mechanisms is analysed, providing the necessary understanding of the main practical issues affecting the performance of sigma-delta modulators. The knowledge derived from the first two chapters is presented in the book as an essential part of the systematic top-down/bottom-up synthesis methodology of sigma-delta modulators described in Chapter 3, where a time-domain behavioural simulator named SIMSIDES is described and applied to the high-level design and verification of sigma-delta ADCs. Chapter 4 moves farther down from system-level to the circuit and physical level, providing a number of design recommendations and practical recipes to complete the design flow of sigma-delta modulators. To conclude the book, Chapter 5 gives an overview of the state-of-the-art sigma-delta ADCs, which are exhaustively analysed in order to extract practical design guidelines and to identify the incoming trends, design challenges as well as practical solutions proposed by cutting-edge designs. Offers a complete survey of sigma-delta modulator architectures from fundamentals to state-of-the art topologies, considering both switched-capacitor and continuous-time circuit implementations Gives a systematic analysis and practical design guide of sigma-delta modulators, from a top-down/bottom-up perspective, including mathematical models and analytical procedures, behavioural modeling in MATLAB/SIMULINK, macromodeling, and circuit-level implementation in Cadence Design FrameWork II, chip prototyping, and experimental characterization. Systematic compilation of cutting-edge sigma-delta modulators Complete description of SIMSIDES, a time-domain behavioural simulator implemented in MATLAB/SIMULINK Plenty of examples, case studies, and simulation test benches, covering the different stages of the design flow of sigma-delta modulators A number of electronic resources, including SIMSIDES, the statistical data used in the state-of-the-art survey, as well as many design examples and test benches are hosted on a companion website Essential reading for Researchers and electronics engineering practitioners interested in the design of high-performance data converters integrated in nanometer CMOS technologies; mixed-signal designers.

Download or read book Smart Sensor Interfaces written by Johan Huijsing and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Smart Sensor Interfaces brings together in one place important contributions and up-to-date research results in this fast moving area. Smart Sensor Interfaces serves as an excellent reference, providing insight into some of the most challenging research issues in the field.

Download or read book Design of High speed Communication Circuits written by Ramesh Harjani and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2006 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: MOS technology has rapidly become the de facto standard for mixed-signal integrated circuit design due to the high levels of integration possible as device geometries shrink to nanometer scales. The reduction in feature size means that the number of transistor and clock speeds have increased significantly. In fact, current day microprocessors contain hundreds of millions of transistors operating at multiple gigahertz. Furthermore, this reduction in feature size also has a significant impact on mixed-signal circuits. Due to the higher levels of integration, the majority of ASICs possesses some analog components. It has now become nearly mandatory to integrate both analog and digital circuits on the same substrate due to cost and power constraints. This book presents some of the newer problems and opportunities offered by the small device geometries and the high levels of integration that is now possible. The aim of this book is to summarize some of the most critical aspects of high-speed analog/RF communications circuits. Attention is focused on the impact of scaling, substrate noise, data converters, RF and wireless communication circuits and wireline communication circuits, including high-speed I/O. Contents: Achieving Analog Accuracy in Nanometer CMOS (M P Flynn et al.); Self-Induced Noise in Integrated Circuits (R Gharpurey & S Naraghi); High-Speed Oversampling Analog-to-Digital Converters (A Gharbiya et al.); Designing LC VCOs Using Capacitive Degeneration Techniques (B Jung & R Harjani); Fully Integrated Frequency Synthesizers: A Tutorial (S T Moon et al.); Recent Advances and Design Trends in CMOS Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits (D J Allstot et al.); Equalizers for High-Speed Serial Links (P K Hanumolu et al.); Low-Power, Parallel Interface with Continuous-Time Adaptive Passive Equalizer and Crosstalk Cancellation (C P Yue et al.). Readership: Technologists, scientists, and engineers in the field of high-speed communication circuits. It can also be used as a textbook for graduate and advanced undergraduate courses.

Download or read book Design of High Speed Time Interleaved Delta Sigma D A Converters written by Ameya Bhide and published by Linköping University Electronic Press. This book was released on 2015-08-19 with total page 141 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Digital-to-analog (D/A) converters (or DACs) are one the fundamental building blocks of wireless transmitters. In order to support the increasing demand for highdata-ate communication, a large bandwidth is required from the DAC. With the advances in CMOS scaling, there is an increasing trend of moving a large part of the transceiver functionality to the digital domain in order to reduce the analog complexity and allow easy reconguration for multiple radio standards. ?? DACs can t very well into this trend of digital architectures as they contain a large digital signal processing component and oer two advantages over the traditionally used Nyquist DACs. Firstly, the number of DAC unit current cells is reduced which relaxes their matching and output impedance requirements and secondly, the reconstruction lter order is reduced. Achieving a large bandwidth from ?? DACs requires a very high operating frequency of many-GHz from the digital blocks due to the oversampling involved. This can be very challenging to achieve using conventional ?? DAC architectures, even in nanometer CMOS processes. Time-interleaved ?? (TIDSM) DACs have the potential of improving the bandwidth and sampling rate by relaxing the speed of the individual channels. However, they have received only some attention over the past decade and very few previous works been reported on this topic. Hence, the aim of this dissertation is to investigate architectural and circuit techniques that can further enhance the bandwidth and sampling rate of TIDSM DACs. The rst work is an 8-GS/s interleaved ?? DAC prototype IC with 200-MHz bandwidth implemented in 65-nm CMOS. The high sampling rate is achieved by a two-channel interleaved MASH 1-1 digital ?? modulator with 3-bit output, resulting in a highly digital DAC with only seven current cells. Two-channel interleaving allows the use of a single clock for both the logic and the nal multiplexing. This requires each channel to operate at half the sampling rate i.e. 4 GHz. This is enabled by a high-speed pipelined MASH structure with robust static logic. Measurement results from the prototype show that the DAC achieves 200-MHz bandwidth, –57-dBc IM3 and 26-dB SNDR, with a power consumption of 68-mW at 1-V digital and 1.2-V analog supplies. This architecture shows good potential for use in the transmitter baseband. While a good linearity is obtained from this DAC, the SNDR is found to be limited by the testing setup for sending high-speed digital data into the prototype. The performance of a two-channel interleaved ?? DAC is found to be very sensitive to the duty-cycle of the half-rate clock. The second work analyzes this eect mathematically and presents a new closed-form expression for the SNDR loss of two-channel DACs due to the duty cycle error (DCE) for a noise transfer function (NTF) of (1 — z—1)n. It is shown that a low-order FIR lter after the modulator helps to mitigate this problem. A closed-form expression for the SNDR loss in the presence of this lter is also developed. These expressions are useful for choosing a suitable modulator and lter order for an interleaved ?? DAC in the early stage of the design process. A comparison between the FIR lter and compensation techniques for DCE mitigation is also presented. The nal work is a 11 GS/s 1.1 GHz bandwidth time-interleaved DAC prototype IC in 65-nm CMOS for the 60-GHz radio baseband. The high sampling rate is again achieved by using a two-channel interleaved MASH 1-1 architecture with a 4-bit output i.e only fteen analog current cells. The single clock architecture for the logic and the multiplexing requires each channel to operate at 5.5 GHz. To enable this, a new look-ahead technique is proposed that decouples the two channels within the modulator feedback path thereby improving the speed as compared to conventional loop-unrolling. Full speed DAC testing is enabled by an on-chip 1 Kb memory whose read path also operates at 5.5 GHz. Measurement results from the prototype show that the ?? DAC achieves >53 dB SFDR, < —49 dBc IM3 and 39 dB SNDR within a 1.1 GHz bandwidth while consuming 117 mW from 1 V digital/1.2 V analog supplies. The proposed ?? DAC can satisfy the spectral mask of the 60-GHz radio IEEE 802.11ad WiGig standard with a second order reconstruction lter.

Download or read book Analog Circuit Design written by Michiel Steyaert and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-03-14 with total page 409 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Analog Circuit Design contains the contribution of 18 tutorials of the 14th workshop on Advances in Analog Circuit Design. Each part discusses a specific todate topic on new and valuable design ideas in the area of analog circuit design. Each part is presented by six experts in that field and state of the art information is shared and overviewed. This book is number 14 in this successful series of Analog Circuit Design, providing valuable information and excellent overviews of analog circuit design, CAD and RF systems. Analog Circuit Design is an essential reference source for analog circuit designers and researchers wishing to keep abreast with the latest development in the field. The tutorial coverage also makes it suitable for use in an advanced design course.

Download or read book Analog Circuit Design written by Herman Casier and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-02-01 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Analog Circuit Design contains the contribution of 18 tutorials of the 19th workshop on Advances in Analog Circuit Design. Each part discusses a specific to-date topic on new and valuable design ideas in the area of analog circuit design. Each part is presented by six experts in that field and state of the art information is shared and overviewed. This book is number 20 in this successful series of Analog Circuit Design, providing valuable information and excellent overviews of: Robust Design, chaired by Herman Casier, Consultant Sigma Delta Converters, chaired by Prof. Michiel Steyaert, Catholic University Leuven RFID, chaired by Prof. Arthur van Roermund, Eindhoven University of Technology Analog Circuit Design is an essential reference source for analog circuit designers and researchers wishing to keep abreast with the latest development in the field. The tutorial coverage also makes it suitable for use in an advanced design course.

Download or read book Continuous Time SIGMA Delta Modulation for A d Conversion in Radio Receivers written by Lucien Breems and published by . This book was released on 2014-01-15 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Sigma Delta A D Conversion for Signal Conditioning written by Kathleen Philips and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-05-05 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book gives an overview of the state-of-the-art in SigmaDelta design and of the challenges for future realizations. It provides an understanding of the fundamental power efficiency of SigmaDelta converters. In addition, it presents an analysis of the power consumption in the decimation filter. Understanding these power/performance trade-offs, it becomes clear that straight-forward digitization of a conditioning channel, i.e. exchanging analog for digital conditioning, comes at a major power penalty.