Download or read book Design Characterization and Fabrication of Polymer Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering written by Dipankar Chattopadhyay and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2024-06-01 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Design, Characterization and Fabrication of Polymer Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering covers core elements of scaffold design, from properties and characterization of polymeric scaffolds to fabrication techniques and the structure-property relationship. Particular attention is given to the cell-scaffold interaction at the molecular level, helping the reader understand and adapt scaffold design to improve biocompatibility and function. The book goes on to discuss a range of tissue engineering applications for polymeric scaffolds, including bone, nerve, cardiac and fibroblast tissue engineering. Design, Characterization and Fabrication of Polymer Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering is an important, interdisciplinary work of relevance to materials scientists, polymer scientists, biomedical engineers and those working regenerative medicine. Helps the reader determine the most appropriate polymer for scaffold design by characterization, properties and structure-property relationship Discusses material-cell interactions at the molecular level, aiding in determining suitability Covers core elements of scaffold design, including fabrication techniques

Download or read book Characterisation and Design of Tissue Scaffolds written by Paul Tomlins and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2015-10-30 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Characterisation and Design of Tissue Scaffolds offers scientists a useful guide on the characterization of tissue scaffolds, detailing what needs to be measured and why, how such measurements can be made, and addressing industrially important issues. Part one provides readers with information on the fundamental considerations in the characterization of tissue scaffolds, while other sections detail how to prepare tissue scaffolds, discuss techniques in characterization, and present practical considerations for manufacturers. Summarizes concepts and current practice in the characterization and design of tissue scaffolds Discusses design and preparation of scaffolds Details how to prepare tissue scaffolds, discusses techniques in characterization, and presents practical considerations for manufacturers

Download or read book Fabrication and Characterization of Polymeric Scaffold for Tissue Engineering written by Mao Ye and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Extrusion Bioprinting of Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering Applications written by Daniel X. B. Chen and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-12-13 with total page 171 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book introduces readers to the theory and practice of extrusion bio-printing of scaffolds for tissue engineering applications. The author emphasizes the fundamentals and practical applications of extrusion bio-printing to scaffold fabrication, in a manner particularly suitable for those who wish to master the subject matter and apply it to real tissue engineering applications. Readers will learn to design, fabricate, and characterize tissue scaffolds to be created by means of extrusion bio-printing technology.

Download or read book Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering written by Claudio Migliaresi and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-06-10 with total page 671 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scaffolds for tissue engineering are devices that exploit specific and complex physical and biological functions, in vitro or in vivo, and communicate through biochemical and physical signals with cells and, when implanted, with the body environment. Scaffolds are produced mainly with synthetic materials, and their fabrication technologies are deri

Download or read book Design Fabrication and Characterization of Biodegradable Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Applications written by Muhammad Anwaar Nazeer and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Fabrication and Characterization of Lactide and Caprolactone Based Bioresorbable and Bioactive Polymer Scaffolds for Tissue engineering Applications written by and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 229 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Biodegradable Polymer Based Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering written by naznin sultana and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-15 with total page 71 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses the principles, methods and applications of biodegradable polymer based scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. The general principle of bone tissue engineering is reviewed and the traditional and novel scaffolding materials, their properties and scaffold fabrication techniques are explored. By acting as temporary synthetic extracellular matrices for cell accommodation, proliferation, and differentiation, scaffolds play a pivotal role in tissue engineering. This book does not only provide the comprehensive summary of the current trends in scaffolding design but also presents the new trends and directions for scaffold development for the ever expanding tissue engineering applications.

Download or read book Extrusion Bioprinting of Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering and Modelling written by Daniel X. B. Chen and published by Springer. This book was released on 2025-01-30 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book introduces readers to the theory and practice of extrusion bioprinting of scaffolds for tissue engineering and modeling. The text emphasizes the fundamentals and practical applications of extrusion bioprinting for scaffold fabrication, in a manner particularly suitable for those (including both undergraduate and graduate students) who wish to master the subject matter and apply it to real tissue engineering. Readers will learn how to design, fabricate, and characterize tissue scaffolds to be created by extrusion bioprinting technologies. This book: Covers tissue engineering and various scaffold fabrication techniques Presents the general requirements imposed on scaffolds and the scaffold design process Discusses the preparation and characterization of biomaterials and bioink for extrusion bioprinting Educates readers regarding how to bioprint and characterize scaffolds with living cells for tissue engineering and modeling Introduces the common methods/ techniques used to measure and characterize the mechanical properties of native tissues and scaffolds. Discusses various approaches to create vascular networks within tissue scaffolds to facilitate their functions Introduces the concept of controlled release and the common strategies for regulating biomolecules in tissue engineering and printed scaffolds. Includes many case studies of bioprinting and characterizing scaffolds for tissue engineering and modeling, to reflect the recent advances in the field of bioprinting

Download or read book Characterization and Fabrication of Scaffold Materials for Tissue Engineering written by Sibai Xie and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tissue loss and end-stage organ failure has been a significant health challenge for millions of Americans, with the total national health cost exceeding $400 billion per year. Tissue engineering aims to address this challenge. During the process of tissue engineering, scaffolds and matrices are needed as supporting structures for cells to grow. Meanwhile, the roughness and stiffness of the scaffold material can largely influence cell growth and differentiation. The macro- and meso- structures of the scaffold, along with the functional groups or growth factors present on the surface plays an important role in cell function. Poly(ester urea) (PEU) is regarded as a promising biodegradable scaffold material for tissue engineering. In this study, physical and mechanical properties including Young's modulus, storage modulus, water uptake profile, and degradation rate for PEUs of different structures were tested. Two different amino acids, phenylalanine and leucine, and various diol lengths were used in the synthesis of these PEUs. In this study, the data show that changing the amino acid from leucine (LEU) to phenylalanine (PHE) can result in a 20 degree increase in Tg, and a 30% increase in storage modulus. Tuning the length of the diols reduces the stiffness of the polymer backbone affording multiple opportunities to tune the property of the polymer. A structure-property relationship profile for PEUs can therefore be established. The effect of macro structure of poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) and poly(e-caprolactone) (PCL) scaffold was also explored. Electrospinning was used to fabricate fibrous scaffold of non-woven mats. 4-dibenzocyclooctynol (DIBO) terminated PCL was electrospun into nanofibers. The existence of DIBO groups on the surface was characterized by attaching an azide functionalized florescent dye. DIBO-PLLA was electrospun into fiber mats and functionalized by YIGSR peptide via metal-free click reaction on the DIBO group. Both random and uniaxial aligned conformations were used to investigate the effect of structure change and surface functionalization of the peptide on neuron differentiation and growth.

Download or read book Advances in Calcium Phosphate Biomaterials written by Besim Ben-Nissan and published by Springer Science & Business. This book was released on 2014-04-17 with total page 559 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Calcium Phosphate Biomaterials presents a comprehensive, state-of-the-art review of the latest advances in developing calcium phosphate biomaterials and their applications in medicine. It covers the fundamental structures, synthesis methods, characterization methods, and the physical and chemical properties of calcium phosphate biomaterials, as well as the synthesis and properties of calcium phosphate-based biomaterials in regenerative medicine and their clinical applications. The book brings together these new concepts, mechanisms and methods in contributions by both young and “veteran” academics, clinicians, and researchers to forward the knowledge and expertise on calcium phosphate and related materials. Accordingly, the book not only covers the fundamentals but also open new avenues for meeting future challenges in research and clinical applications. Besim Ben-Nissan is a Professor of Chemistry and Forensic Science at the University of Technology, Sydney, Australia

Download or read book Bone Tissue Engineering written by Jeffrey O. Hollinger and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2004-10-14 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Focusing on bone biology, Bone Tissue Engineering integrates basic sciences with tissue engineering. It includes contributions from world-renowned researchers and clinicians who discuss key topics such as different models and approaches to bone tissue engineering, as well as exciting clinical applications for patients. Divided into four sections, t

Download or read book Novel Microsphere Based Spiral Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering written by Mayur Thakore and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book A Manual For Biomaterials scaffold Fabrication Technology written by Gilson Khang and published by World Scientific Publishing Company. This book was released on 2007-07-03 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tissue engineering has been recognized as offering an alternative technique to whole-organ and tissue transplantation for diseased, failed, or malfunctioned organs. To reconstruct a new tissue via tissue engineering, the following triad components are needed: (1) cells which are harvested and dissociated from the donor tissue; (2) biomaterials as scaffold substrates in which cells are attached and cultured, resulting in implantation at the desired site of the functioning tissue; and (3) growth factors which promote and/or prevent cell adhesion, proliferation, migration, and differentiation. Of these three key components, scaffolds play a critical role in tissue engineering. This timely book focuses on the preparation and characterization of scaffold biomaterials for the application of tissue-engineered scaffolds. More importantly, it serves as an experimental guidebook on the standardization of the fabrication process and characterization of scaffolding technology.

Download or read book Tissue Engineering written by Paulo Rui Fernandes and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-07-31 with total page 191 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the state of the art on computational modeling and fabrication in Tissue Engineering. It is inspired by the ECCOMAS thematic conference, the European Committee on Computational Methods in Applied Sciences, on Tissue Engineering, held in Lisbon, Portugal, June 2-4, 2011. Tissue Engineering is a multidisciplinary field involving scientists from different fields. The development of mathematical methods is quite relevant to understand cell biology and human tissues as well to model, design and fabricate optimized and smart scaffolds. Emphasis is put on mathematical and computational modeling for scaffold design and fabrication. This particular area of tissue engineering, whose goal is to obtain substitutes for hard tissues such as bone and cartilage, is growing in importance.

Download or read book Scaffolds in Tissue Engineering written by Antonella Motta and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Fabrication and Characterization of Bioactive Composite Electrospun Bone Tissue Engineering Scaffolds Intended for Cleft Palate Repair written by Parthasarathy Annapillai Madurantakam and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tissue Engineering is a scientific discipline that aims to regenerate tissues and organs that are diseased, lost or congenitally absent. It encompasses the use of suitable synthetic equivalents of native extracellular matrix that may or may not be supplemented with cells or relevant growth factors. Such scaffolds are designed to reside at the site of implantation for a variable period of time during which they induce the regeneration of native tissue. During this time, they also provide a template for new cells to attach, infiltrate, differentiate into appropriate phenotype and eventually restore function of the concerned tissue. Among the factors that affect the outcome are the composition of scaffold, methods of fabrication, bulk properties of the scaffold and topography and architecture at the cellular level. Bone is unique in the body in that it is one of the few tissues capable of complete regeneration even in adults, as seen during fracture healing. However, certain conditions (non-union of fractures, congenital and acquired bone deficiencies) exist in which the regenerative capacities of bone are exceeded and appropriate intervention becomes necessary. Current treatment options include autologous bone grafts harvested from iliac crest or de-cellularized allografts or synthetic substitutes made from metals, ceramics and polymers. However these options have serious limitations: while autografts are limited in supply, necessitate second surgery and show inadequate vascularization, allografts can transmit viral infections. Metals, ceramics and polymers are in essence structural replacements without performing any biological function. Other problems associated with these synthetic materials include adverse immune reactions, corrosion, stress-shielding and secondary fractures due to inadequate osseo-integration. Bone tissue engineering is a specialized field of research that provides an alternative strategy to repair bone defects by exploiting the advances in engineering and better understanding of bone biology. Scaffold-based tissue engineering approach is a promising field that involves implantation of a biomaterial that is specifically matched in terms of biological and material properties to the tissue it replaces. This study explores the feasibility of using electrospinning as a potential fabrication strategy for bone tissue engineering applications, more specifically intended for cleft palate repair. This model represents a congenital deformity that affects both hard and soft tissues and presents unique challenges and opportunities. Among the challenges are: the need for the implant allow growth of the most complex areas of the facial skeleton, integrate and grow with the patient through adolescence, the ability of the implant to not interfere with vital functions including breathing and feeding. Further the implant should provide a flexible matrix that can effectively support erupting teeth. In spite of these extreme demands, maxilla is a non load-bearing membranous bone, a favorable consideration from materials engineering perspective. The present study is organized into three independent sections. The first section investigates developing strategies intended to improve the material properties of electrospun bone scaffold. Bone is composed of a high volume fraction (50%) of inorganic hydroxyapatite nanocrystals that is closely associated with collagen. The dispersal of brittle mineral is critical in not only strengthening the bone in compression but also contributes to the osteoconductivity of the matrix. Since loading of mineral in a bone scaffold is a serious limitation, we attempted to achieve improved loading of bone mineral by dual mineralization approach. We first incorporated nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite (nHA) directly into the scaffold by adding it to the electrospinning polymer solution. The second step involves inducing biomimetic mineralization of electrospun scaffolds by incubating them in simulated body fluid (SBF) for 2 weeks. The hypothesis was that the nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite seeded during electrospinning would act as sites for nucleation and further crystal growth when incubated in solution supersaturated with respect to calcium and phosphate ions. We tested this approach in two synthetic, biocompatible polymers-polydioxanone and poly (lactide: glycolide) and four formulations of SBF with differential loading of nHA (0-50% by wt. of polymer). A modified Alizarin Red S (ARS) staining that specifically binds to calcium was developed that allowed us to quantify the mineral content of 3D scaffold with great accuracy. Results indicated a unique combination of factors: PDO scaffolds containing 50% nHA incubated in 1x revised-SBF incubated under static conditions gave maximum mineralization over a period of two weeks. We then sought to exploit these findings to engineer a stiffer scaffold by stacking multiple layers together and cold welding them under high pressure. Electrospun scaffolds (1, 2 or 4 layered stacks) were either compressed before or after mineralizing treatment with SBF. After two weeks, scaffolds were analyzed for total mineral content and stiffness by uniaxial tensile testing. Results indicated while compression of multiple layers significantly increases the stiffness of scaffolds, it also had lower levels of mineralization partly due to increased density of fibers and loss of surface area due to fiber welding. However this can be offset to a reasonable degree by increasing the number of stacks and hence this strategy can be successfully adopted to improve the mechanical properties of electrospun scaffolds. The second section introduces a novel infrared imaging technique to quantify and characterize the biological activity of biomaterials, based on cell adhesion. Cells attach to the surface by the formation of focal contacts where multiple proteins including vinculin and talin assemble to signal critical processes like cell survival, migration, proliferation and differentiation. After allowing MG-63 osteoblasts to adhere to 2D biomaterial surface coated with extracellular matrix proteins (collagen, gelatin, fibronectin) cells were fixed and probed with antibodies for vinculin and talin. Secondary antibodies, tagged with infrared-sensitive fluorescent dyes, were used to quantify the molecules of interest. In addition, the kinetics of focal contact formation in these different substrates was followed. Successful quantification of focal contacts were made and further research revealed phosphorylation of vinculin at pY-822 as one potential mechanism for recruitment of vinculin to focal contacts. Hence it could represent a subset of vinculin and might serve as a specific molecular marker for focal contacts. As an extension, we evaluated the possibility of using such an assay to quantify 3D electrospun tissue engineering scaffolds. We fabricated scaffolds of graded biological activity by electrospinning blends of polydioxanone and collagen in different ratios. Vinculin and talin expressed by MG-63 cultured on these scaffolds for 24 hours were quantified in a similar manner. Results indicate that while talin does not show a significant difference in expression among different scaffolds, vinculin showed a positive correlation with increasing biological activity of scaffolds. In conclusion, we have identified vinculin as a reliable marker of focal contacts in 3D scaffolds while phosphovinculin (pY-822) was more specific to focal contacts in coated 2D substrates. In both instances, infrared imaging proved to be reliable in study of focal contacts. The third section aims to make the bone scaffolds osteoinductive- a property of a material to induce new bone formation even when implanted in subcutaneous and intramuscular heterotopic sites. Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP) are potent cytokines that can induce migration, proliferation and differentiation of stem cells along osteoblastic lineage. The therapeutic efficacy of BMPs in the treatment of severe bone defects has been identified and is currently FDA approved for specific orthopedic applications. BMPs are clinically administered in a buffer form that not only makes the treatment expensive but less effective. Suitable delivery systems for BMP delivery have been an intense area of investigation. We rationalized electrospinning as a strategy to incorporate BMP within the scaffold and that would enable controlled release when implanted. One of the drawbacks of using electrospinning to deliver bioactive molecules is the potential denaturing effect and eventual loss of activity of BMPs. The final section of this dissertation tries to develop sensitive and relevant assays that could answer intriguing questions about solvent-protein interaction. We chose to use the BMP-2/7 heterodimer as the osteoinductive molecule of choice because of its superior potency compared to homodimer counterparts. We characterized the detection and quantification of BMP-2/7 using a slot blot technique. Further, we used a novel cell line (C2C12 BRA) to test the retention of activity of BMP-2/7 that has been exposed to organic solvents. Results indicate significant loss of activity when BMPs are exposed to organic solvents but complete recovery was possible by diluting the solvent with an aqueous buffer.