Download or read book Design and Synthesis of Novel Second Order Nonlinear Optical Materials written by Rima Ghosn and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Design Synthesis and Polymerization of Novel Second Order Nonlinear Optical Materials written by Rima Ghosn and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Design Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Nonlinear Optical Materials written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The research accomplished in this project consists of four tasks each dealing with a different class of nonlinear optical (NLO) materials. Task (I): Second-order nonlinear optical materials. We developed new chromophores and processing to produce electro-optic materials with enhanced optical transparency towards the visible (>=700 nm), increased chemical and thermal stability and stability of poled alignment for 1000 hours at 100 deg C. Several approaches showed promises and we accomplished a great deal. Also, we developed polyurethane cross-linking polymers to produce thermally stable poling alignment in both molecular-ionic type and neutral type second-order chromophores. In both cases stability up to 1000 hours at 100 deg C was achieved. In another approach, in collaboration with Professor Shea of University of California, Irvine, we have employed ormosils to produce stable poled alignments. Task (II): Third-order nonlinear optical materials. We synthesized a group of phosphoylides containing a polarizable P atom and investigated their X(3) behavior via femtosecond Kerr gate measurements. By using optically heterodyned and phase-tuned Kerr gate techniques, we obtained both the signs and the magnitudes of the real and the imaginary components of X(3).
Download or read book Synopses written by and published by . This book was released on 195? with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Design and Synthesis of Novel Organic Materials with Large Nonlinear Optical Effects written by Stuart David Whittaker and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Molecular Architectural Approach to Second order Nonlinear Optical Materials written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Design and synthesis of a family of calix[4]arene-based nonlinear optical (NLO) chromophores are discussed. The calixarene chromophores are macrocyclic compounds consisting These molecules were synthesized such of four simple D-[pi]-A units bridged by methylene groups. These molecules were synthesized such that four D-n-A units of the calix[4]arene were aligned along the same direction with the calixarene in a cone conformation. These nonlinear optical super-chromophores were subsequently fabricated into covalently bound self-assembled monolayers on the surfaces of fused silica and silicon. Spectroscopic second harmonic generation (SHG) measurements were carried out to determine the absolute value of the dominant element of the nonlinear susceptibility, [Chi][sub zzz], and the average molecular alignment, [Psi]. We find a value of [Chi][sub zzz][approximately] 1.5 [times] 10[sup [minus]7] esu (60 pm/V) at a wavelength of 890 nm, and [Psi] [approximately] 36[degrees] with respect to the surface normal.
Download or read book Nonlinear Optical Materials written by Jerome V. Moloney and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1998-08-13 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mathematical methods play a significant role in the rapidly growing field of nonlinear optical materials. This volume discusses a number of successful or promising contributions. The overall theme of this volume is twofold: (1) the challenges faced in computing and optimizing nonlinear optical material properties; and (2) the exploitation of these properties in important areas of application. These include the design of optical amplifiers and lasers, as well as novel optical switches. Research topics in this volume include how to exploit the magnetooptic effect, how to work with the nonlinear optical response of materials, how to predict laser-induced breakdown in efficient optical devices, and how to handle electron cloud distortion in femtosecond processes.
Download or read book Polymers for Second order Nonlinear Optics written by Geoffrey A. Lindsay and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 564 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents the most recent developments in second-order nonlinear optical polymers. Covers the most important technologies necessary to achieve commercially viable devices based on special polymeric materials with second-order nonlinear optical properties. Discusses important molecular design considerations, how to process the polymers into films, the stability of the films, their optical properties, and prototype devices that can be made from these films.
Download or read book Design and Synthesis of Interpenetrating Polymer Networks for Second Order Nonlinear Optics written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There has been a tremendous recent interest in the development of second-order nonlinear optical (NLO) polymeric materials for photonic applications. However, a major drawback of second-order NLO polymers that prevents them from being used in device applications is the instability of their electric field induced dipolar alignment. The randomization of the dipole orientation leads to the decay of second-order optical nonlinearities. Numerous efforts have been made to increase the stability of the second-order NLO properties of polymers. The search for new approaches to develop NLO polymers with optimal properties has been an active research area since the past decade. A novel approach, combining the hybrid properties of high glass transition temperatures, extensively crosslinked networks, and permanent entanglements, based on interpenetrating polymer networks (IPN) is introduced to develop stable second-order NLO materials. Two types of IPN systems are prepared and their properties are investigated. The designing criteria and the rationale for the selection of polymers are discussed. The IPN samples show excellent temporal stability at elevated temperatures. Long term stability of the optical nonlinearity at 100 C has been observed in these materials. Temporal stability of the NLO properties of these IPNs is synergistically enhanced. Relaxation behavior of the optical nonlinearity of an IPN system has been studied and compared with that of a typical guest/host system. The improved temporal stability of the second-order NLO properties of this IPN system is a result of the combination of the high rigidity of the polymer backbones, crosslinked matrices, and permanent entanglements of the polymer networks. A slight modification of the chemical structure resulted in an improvement of the optical quality of the sample.
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 548 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Design Synthesis and Application of Lithographic Resists and Nonlinear Optical Materials written by Brian Keith Long and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fluorinated norbornene monomers exhibit the requisite properties for inclusion in 157 nm photoresists, but traditional addition and radical polymerizations with these monomers have failed. Norbornanediols provide an alternate route to these materials via condensation polymerization, and methods have been developed for the efficient synthesis of the exo-2-syn-7- and endo-2-exo-3-dihydroxynorbornanes. Synthesis of the fluorinated analogues is complicated by steric and electronic effects; however, a high-yielding synthesis of endo-2-exo-3-dihydroxynorbornane bearing a 5-endo-[2,2-bis(trifluoromethyl)hydroxyethyl] substituent as well as its corresponding polymer are reported. As an alternative to 157 nm and other optical lithographies, Step and Flash Imprint Lithography, or S-FIL®, was introduced in 1999 by The University of Texas at Austin. It has proven to be a cost effective, high resolution alternative to traditional optical lithography. Often in the S-FIL process, residual resist may become imbedded within the template features resulting in device defects due to the imprint and repeat nature of S-FIL. The high silicon and cross-linking content of the resist formulations are extremely difficult, if not impossible to remove from quartz imprint mold without template degradation. Our approach to this problem was the synthesis of a family of thermally reversible, cross-linkable monomers that will facilitate resist removal while maintaining template integrity. Our monomers utilize classic Diels-Alder chemistry to provide thermal reversibility, while pendant acrylate functionalities facilitate cross-linking. Herein we report the synthesis of several Diels-Alder compounds, incorporate them into resist formulations, and test their efficacy for resist removal. In an effort to develop unique patternable materials, our laboratory is currently engaged in the design and development of photonic crystals comprised of organic elements with highly stable electro-optic activity. Fabrication of these devices requires polymers that can be patterned at high resolution, have large second order nonlinear optical (NLO) coefficients, and that are thermally stable after poling. Our route to these materials involves the synthesis of a prepolymer that can be spin coated, poled, and then fixed by a photochemical cross-linking reaction. We now describe an efficient synthetic route to a new class of biscross-linkable monomers and the characteristics of their corresponding nonlinear optical polymers.
Download or read book Crystal Engineering From Molecules and Crystals to Materials written by Dario Braga and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 502 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Crystal engineering is an interdisciplinary area that cuts across the traditional subdivisions of chemistry. Fuelled by our increasingly precise understanding of the chemistry and properties of supramolecular systems, interest in the potential of the field has increased rapidly. The topics discussed in the 28 contributions in this book provide a state-of-the-art description of the field and offer new research ideas that, if pursued, will serve to strengthen the field at the interface between supramolecular chemistry and materials science.
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1994-03 with total page 812 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Handbook of Thiophene Based Materials written by Igor F. Perepichka and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-07-17 with total page 910 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This essential resource consists of a series of critical reviews written by leading scientists, summarising the progress in the field of conjugated thiophene materials. It is an application-oriented book, giving a chemists’ point of view on the state-of-art and perspectives of the field. While presenting a comprehensive coverage of thiophene-based materials and related applications, the aim is to show how the rational molecular design of materials can bring a new breadth to known device applications or even aid the development of novel application concepts. The main topics covered include synthetic methodologies to thiophene-based materials (including the chemistry of thiophene, preparation of oligomers and polymerisation approaches) and the structure and physical properties of oligo- and polythiophenes (discussion of structural effects on electronic and optical properties). Part of the book is devoted to the optical and semiconducting properties of conjugated thiophene materials for electronics and photonics, and the role of thiophene-based materials in nanotechnology.
Download or read book Materials Research to Meet 21st Century Defense Needs written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2003-02-25 with total page 660 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In order to achieve the revolutionary new defense capabilities offered by materials science and engineering, innovative management to reduce the risks associated with translating research results will be needed along with the R&D. While payoff is expected to be high from the promising areas of materials research, many of the benefits are likely to be evolutionary. Nevertheless, failure to invest in more speculative areas of research could lead to undesired technological surprises. Basic research in physics, chemistry, biology, and materials science will provide the seeds for potentially revolutionary technologies later in the 21st century.
Download or read book Characterization Techniques and Tabulations for Organic Nonlinear Optical Materials written by Carl W. Dirk and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-05-11 with total page 914 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ""Furnishes table of nonlinear optical properties of organic substances as well as experimental procedures for measuring the nonlinearity of the elements tabulated, including composite materials-offering support for scientists and engineers involved in characterizing, optimizing, and producing materials for manufacturing optical devices.
Download or read book Comprehensive Nanoscience and Technology written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2010-10-29 with total page 2785 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the Introduction: Nanotechnology and its underpinning sciences are progressing with unprecedented rapidity. With technical advances in a variety of nanoscale fabrication and manipulation technologies, the whole topical area is maturing into a vibrant field that is generating new scientific research and a burgeoning range of commercial applications, with an annual market already at the trillion dollar threshold. The means of fabricating and controlling matter on the nanoscale afford striking and unprecedented opportunities to exploit a variety of exotic phenomena such as quantum, nanophotonic and nanoelectromechanical effects. Moreover, researchers are elucidating new perspectives on the electronic and optical properties of matter because of the way that nanoscale materials bridge the disparate theories describing molecules and bulk matter. Surface phenomena also gain a greatly increased significance; even the well-known link between chemical reactivity and surface-to-volume ratio becomes a major determinant of physical properties, when it operates over nanoscale dimensions. Against this background, this comprehensive work is designed to address the need for a dynamic, authoritative and readily accessible source of information, capturing the full breadth of the subject. Its six volumes, covering a broad spectrum of disciplines including material sciences, chemistry, physics and life sciences, have been written and edited by an outstanding team of international experts. Addressing an extensive, cross-disciplinary audience, each chapter aims to cover key developments in a scholarly, readable and critical style, providing an indispensible first point of entry to the literature for scientists and technologists from interdisciplinary fields. The work focuses on the major classes of nanomaterials in terms of their synthesis, structure and applications, reviewing nanomaterials and their respective technologies in well-structured and comprehensive articles with extensive cross-references. It has been a constant surprise and delight to have found, amongst the rapidly escalating number who work in nanoscience and technology, so many highly esteemed authors willing to contribute. Sharing our anticipation of a major addition to the literature, they have also captured the excitement of the field itself in each carefully crafted chapter. Along with our painstaking and meticulous volume editors, full credit for the success of this enterprise must go to these individuals, together with our thanks for (largely) adhering to the given deadlines. Lastly, we record our sincere thanks and appreciation for the skills and professionalism of the numerous Elsevier staff who have been involved in this project, notably Fiona Geraghty, Megan Palmer and Greg Harris, and especially Donna De Weerd-Wilson who has steered it through from its inception. We have greatly enjoyed working with them all, as we have with each other.
