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Book Design and Synthesis of Fluorescent Probes

Download or read book Design and Synthesis of Fluorescent Probes written by Prabin Rai and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The fundamental objective of this project is to design, synthesize, and characterize fluorescent dyes, which may be utilized in super resolution imaging techniques. In Chapters 1, 2 and 3, we concentrated on photoswitchable rhodamine dyes. We synthesized several rhodamine dyes and increased their water solubility, installed a bioconjugation unit and, more importantly, we optimized the absorption properties (close to 400 nm) of the rhodamine spirolactams in their closed state and studied their basic photophysical properties as well. In Chapter 4, we synthesized azido-DCDHF fluorogens that can be converted to the bright state after a 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction between an azide-Ph-DCDHF and a strained alkene. We synthesized some strained alkenes, which may speed up the kinetics in 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition. This chemical method of turning the dyes from dark to bright state is a new dimension in the bioconjugation arena. In Chapter 5, we synthesized Nile red derivatives which can switch to a bright state from a dark state by collision on the cell surface utilizing PAINT methodology. We expected that the design of new Nile red derivatives may have better properties than the parent Nile red. Besides the PAINT technique, we worked on some active control of emission by enzymatic cleavage of fluorescent dyes in a dark state to the bright state, which can be utilized in super resolution imaging. Related to the 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction between azido-DCDHF and norbornene, we have examined recently popularized tetrazine chemistry. We linked pyridyl tetrazines to DCDHF with short spacer. In Chapter 6, we describe the preparation of co-crystals between perfluorophenazine and several polynuclear aromatic compounds/polynuclear heteroaromatic compounds. In Chapter 7 we describe the preparation of some partially fluorinated heteropolynuclear aromatic compounds such phenzaine and acridine class of compounds for possible use in organic semiconductors.

Book Design Synthesis and Evaluation of Fluorescent Probes for Biological Applications

Download or read book Design Synthesis and Evaluation of Fluorescent Probes for Biological Applications written by Andrea Fin and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 229 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Synthesis and characterization of fluorescent stilbene based probes targeting amyloid fibrils

Download or read book Synthesis and characterization of fluorescent stilbene based probes targeting amyloid fibrils written by Jun Zhang and published by Linköping University Electronic Press. This book was released on 2018-11-27 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized by two main protein aggregate hallmarks in the brain: extracellular deposition of the amyloid-? (A?) in senile plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) consisting of hyperphosphorylated tau protein. The past decade has seen great progress in the development of imaging probes for the non-invasive detection of A? and tau aggregates. Here positron emission tomography (PET), single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), are highly promising technologies for clinical diagnostics. However, as a research tool, optical imaging is superior because it is real-time, sensitive, inexpensive, not radioactive and that it in particular affords high-resolution studies both in vitro and in vivo. Fluorescent probes are especially useful for designing novel binding scaffolds for structure investigations of protein aggregates. This thesis describes design, synthesis and evaluation of a series of fluorescent probes for detection of amyloid fibrils, especially A? or tau aggregates in vitro. Firstly, trans-stilbenoid vinylbenzene-1,2-diol with benzene, naphthalene, anthracene, and pyrene are investigated with respect to their photophysical properties free in solution and when bound to amyloid fibrils, including time-resolved fluorescence measurements. It is noted that the extended conjugated systems retained the amyloid targeting properties of the probes and both the anthracene and pyrene moieties extensively enhanced the fluorescence intensity and prolonged lifetimes. Secondly, the synthesis of two molecules, Py1SA and Py2SA, based on pyrene linked to salicylic acid via a trans-stilbene C = C bond is presented. The compounds show strikingly different emission spectra when bound to preformed A?1-42 fibrils as well as to fibrils from four other distinct proteins. Additionally, excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) coupled-charge transfer (ICT) is observed for the anionic form of the probes in polar solvents. This is likely the reason for the spectral differences of the probes when bound to amyloid fibrils. Moreover, the synthesis of a further development of the Congo red analogue X-34 [2,5-bis(4’-hydroxy-3’-carboxy-styryl) benzene] by rational design and synthesis is described. Full photophysical characterization was performed, including recording absorbance and fluorescence spectra, Stokes shift, quantum yield and fluorescence lifetimes. All ligands displayed high affinity towards recombinant amyloid fibrils of A?1-42 and tau as well as selectivity towards the corresponding disease-associated protein aggregates in human post mortem AD tissue. Lastly, the synthesis of a set of 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole (BTD)-based ligands with different conjugated spacers and variable patterns of OH substitutions of bis-styryl-BTD prototypes were developed. A? binding affinities (A?1-42 and A?1-40 fibrils) and the specificity towards A? plaques of all ligands were determined. These findings extend the structure to activity relationships of BTD-based ligands for A? fibril binding. Throughout the studies in this dissertation, new interesting properties of small molecule fluorescence probes have been discovered and analyzed. This knowledge should facilitate the development of noninvasive probes for early detection of Alzheimer's disease and to distinguish different A? fibril polymorphs.

Book Fluorescent Probes of Biological Receptors

Download or read book Fluorescent Probes of Biological Receptors written by Barry Elledge and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Design and Synthesis of Fluorescence Turn on Probes for Iron

Download or read book Design and Synthesis of Fluorescence Turn on Probes for Iron written by Randy K. Jackson and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Fluorescent Analogs of Biomolecular Building Blocks

Download or read book Fluorescent Analogs of Biomolecular Building Blocks written by Marcus Wilhelmsson and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-04-04 with total page 474 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fluorescent Analogs of Biomolecular Building Blocks focuses on the design of fluorescent probes for the four major families of macromolecular building blocks. Compiling the expertise of multiple authors, this book moves from introductory chapters to an exploration of the design, synthesis, and implementation of new fluorescent analogues of biomolecular building blocks, including examples of small-molecule fluorophores and sensors that are part of biomolecular assemblies.

Book Design and Synthesis of Photo induced Electron Transfer Based Fluorescent Probes for Pyruvate and Zinc Detection

Download or read book Design and Synthesis of Photo induced Electron Transfer Based Fluorescent Probes for Pyruvate and Zinc Detection written by Charles D. Cook and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The design and synthesis of fluorescent chemosensor probes based on photoinduced electron transfer is discussed. First, the design of a series of probes to detect the presence of divalent metal cations is discussed. Next, the results for an existing probe for divalent cations are examined. Computational chemistry is used to provide a possible answer to its selectivity. This method of examination suggests that the probes selectivity is due to the bonding involved in analyte coordination. Then, the design of a series of probes to detect the presence of mono-, di-, and, trivalent hydrocarbon anions is discussed. From this discussion, the synthesis of a single probe from that series as well as characterization and the spectrophotometric results from its titration with pyruvate, malate, and citrate is discussed, respectively. The probe was found to be more selective and sensitive toward pyruvate. Work is currently underway to design and synthesize other series of probes to detect this family of anion.

Book Fluorescent Probes in the Detection of Insecticides in Water

Download or read book Fluorescent Probes in the Detection of Insecticides in Water written by Chester M. Himel and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Design and Synthesis of Cyclodiene Insecticide Biosensors and Fluorescent Probes

Download or read book Design and Synthesis of Cyclodiene Insecticide Biosensors and Fluorescent Probes written by Kathleen Elizabeth Brummel and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Fluorescent Energy Transfer Nucleic Acid Probes

Download or read book Fluorescent Energy Transfer Nucleic Acid Probes written by Vladimir V. Didenko and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-02-04 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fluorescent nucleic acid probes, which use energy transfer, include such constructs as molecular beacons, molecular break lights, Scorpion primers, TaqMan probes, and others. These probes signal detection of their targets by changing either the intensity or the color of their fluorescence. Not surpr- ingly, these luminous, multicolored probes carry more flashy names than their counterparts in the other fields of molecular biology. In recent years, fluor- cent probes and assays, which make use of energy transfer, have multiplied at a high rate and have found numerous applications. However, in spite of this explosive growth in the field, there are no manuals summarizing different p- tocols and fluorescent probe designs. In view of this, the main objective of Fluorescent Energy Transfer Nucleic Acid Probes: Designs and Protocols is to provide such a collection. Oligonucleotides with one or several chromophore tags can form fluor- cent probes capable of energy transfer. Energy transport within the probe can occur via the resonance energy transfer mechanism, also called Förster tra- fer, or by non-Förster transfer mechanisms. Although the probes using Förster transfer were developed and used first, the later non-Förster-based probes, such as molecular beacons, now represent an attractive and widely used option. The term “fluorescent energy transfer probes” in the title of this book covers both Förster-based fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) probes and probes using non-FRET mechanisms. Energy transfer probes serve as molecule-size sensors, changing their fluorescence upon detection of various DNA reactions.

Book Flourescent Probes in the Detection of Insecticides in Water

Download or read book Flourescent Probes in the Detection of Insecticides in Water written by Chester M. Himel and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: