Download or read book Design and Development of High Pressure Natural Gas Injector Model for Single Cylinder Four Stroke Engine Using Matlab Simulink written by Mohd Nor Afiq Nor Hashim and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 55 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aim of this project is to design and develop the hydraulic model for control oriented injector model for single cylinder four-stroke engine using Matlab Simulink. Injector plays significant role in determining engine performance by controlling the fuel supplied consequently the air to fuel ratio. In order to achieve acceptable accuracy for abroad range of engine speed the control of injection process must be carefully studied. The model consist of hydraulic, electromagnetic and mechanical model. This thesis is carried out with purpose to produces a reliable hydraulic model that can be used to study the control process. Reasonable mass flow rate data need to be determine by the model based on predetermined boundary condition. The fuel injector based on HDEV 5 were design using Matlab Simulink. The are two different Matlab Simulink design the fuel flow rate coresponding to the radius/diameter ratio and the fuel flow rate corresponding to the needle-seat relative displacement. Based on the graph and explanation, comparison between fuel flow rate and r/d ratio and fuel flow rate and needle-seat relative displacement are made. The result show that there is cavitation occur at r/d = 0.02 and effect the flow rate of the fuel injected. While in the injector opening phase, the fuel flow rate is slightly increase before the injector reached the transition value. The model of flow through the control volume feeding and discharge holes was further detailed as it was shown to play an important role in determining the flow regime in the orifice.
Download or read book Design and Simulation of Prechamber with High Pressure CNG Injector System for Single Cylinder Four Stroke Engine written by Mohd Fadzli Mat Lazim and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 51 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis presents an ignition system to improve engines efficiency. The method used in this study is by using a prechamber as a pre-ignition system for the engine, where the prechamber is located at the top of cylinder head. Prechamber is an ignition technology which can improve engines efficiency. Previous research indicates that the prechamber is responsible for engine out emission. In this project, four concepts of prechamber designs are developed with objective to improve the engines efficiency. The design variable is the volume of the prechamber. Solidworks 2010 software was used for designing process while Ansys 12.1 software was used to perform the simulation of the engine with prechamber. The results of maximum in cylinder pressure and temperature from the simulation are used to determine the best prechamber model. Yamaha FZ150i engine has been chosen as the baseline engine for this project. The engine are disassembled for the measurement process and then modelled in solidworks as a computational domain for the simulation process. The engine is simulated at engine speed of 2000 rpm. The simulation process can be divided into two types which are cold flow simulation and combustion simulation. The result from the simulation shows that the prechamber model that have lowest volume give the maximum in cylinder pressure and temperature which are 19.12 bar and 360.425 K for the cold flow simulation while for the combustion simulation the maximum in cylinder pressure and temperature are 47.54 bar and 2620.7384 K. This results shows that when the volume of the prechamber is low, the compression ratio of the engine is kept high. Compression ratio is the main factor that affecting the value of in cylinder pressure and temperature.
Download or read book One Dimensional Engine Modeling of Single Cylinder Four Stroke Engine for Different Cng Injection Strategy written by Mohd Dzulfahizi Mohamad Saleh and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 51 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A simulation work was conducted to compare the effect performances in the cylinder with different injection strategy using compressed natural gas (CNG). The study was based on one dimensional simulation using GT-POWER software. The dimensioning was made on a motorcycle model FZ150i with single cylinder four-stroke engine. The engine was simulated in variations injection strategy with constant speed 4000 rpm with pre-chamber added. The study is focused on characterization of in cylinder pressure and temperature of performance profile for every injection strategy. The other characteristic that has been observed are emissions of CO and NOx between using compressed natural gas (CNG) with gasoline fuel. The output data are postprocessed using by the GT-POST software. The analysis of the simulation data showed the improvements in the emissions using compressed natural gas (CNG) where reduction in CO and NOx. The results also are shown that the characteristics in the cylinder pressure and temperature versus crank angle engine with constant speed 4000 rpm using compressed natural gas (CNG) with pre-chamber was added is lower than base gasoline engine.
Download or read book Multi Dimensional Modelling of a High Pressure Natural Gas Fuel Injection Process in Prechamber of a Single Cylinder Four stroke Engine written by Muhamad Azman Mohd Yamin and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book DESIGN BUILD AND ANALYSIS OF A COMPRESSED NATURAL GAS DIRECT INJECTION COMPRESSION IGNITION SINGLE CYLINDER RESEARCH ENGINE written by and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract : Both experimental and simulation efforts have been employed to further advance the design and build of a single cylinder research engine. The engine will aid in advancing technology and understanding the operation of compression-ignition (CI) engines using natural gas within the heavy-duty engine industry. The basis for the engine is a Cummins 15L ISX engine that has been modified, retrofitted, and instrumented to allow for late-cycle direct-injection of high-pressure compressed natural gas. Along with the engine build, a one-dimensional GT-Power simulation model has been created and used to analyze the engine operation and specify components including the engine compression ratio and charging system. The combustion model was calibrated to a kinetic combustion model at multiple speed load points in effort to understand the effect of compression ratio, temperature, and start of injection, on natural gas compression ignition.
Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 1044 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Design of Racing and High Performance Engines 1998 2003 written by Daniel J Holt and published by SAE International. This book was released on 2003-08-05 with total page 570 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 53 technical papers in this book show the improvements and design techniques that researchers have applied to performance and racing engines. They provide an insight into what the engineers consider to be the top improvements needed to advance engine technology; and cover subjects such as: 1) Direct injection; 2) Valve spring advancements; 3) Turbocharging; 4) Variable valve control; 5) Combustion evaluation; and 5) New racing engines.
Download or read book The Design and Development of Low cost Mechanical Fuel Injection for Small Displacement Spark ignition Four cycle Utility Engines written by Mark Stephen Duvall and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Spark Plug Fuel Direct Injection Natural Gas Engine written by Taib Iskandar Mohamad and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2013 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Natural gas has been extensively used in automotive engines due to its abundance availability, adaptability to existing engine design, cleaner emission and competitive price. However, converting engine to natural gas always results in power drop. One of the most practical solutions is direct fuel injection. Research on natural gas direct injection engines proved that engine power similar to gasoline is achievable but with the penalty of engine retrofitting costs (cooling water jacket and piston crown modification). Spark Plug Fuel Direct Injection (SPFI) offers a cost competitive and a technically simpler option for conversion to natural gas direct injection. This book explore the development of SPFI and initial engine test which was carried out in a single cylinder engine. Encouraging results were obtained and more work are being carried out for its design and operational optimization. Stay tuned for its technological progress.
Download or read book Applied Mechanics Reviews written by and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Virtual 4 Stroke written by Gordon P. Blair and published by . This book was released on 1999-08-01 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This model is based on the theory within the various chapters of the book. The application of the model is discussed in Chapters 5-7. The engine simulation model will simulate a single-cylinder naturally-aspirated four-stroke engine with the following attributes: almost any two-valve or four-valve cylinder head; almost any intake ducting geometry and simple silencer; and almost any exhaust ducting geometry and simple silencer. (UK orders add VAT) (Also available R 186 Design and Simulation of Four-Stroke Engines and R 186 Software)
Download or read book Technical Literature Abstracts written by Society of Automotive Engineers and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Implementation and Control of Stoichiometric Natural Gas Combustion to Enable Low emission Diesel Engines written by Nathaniel Bryce Oliver and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The expected growth in the heavy-duty transportation sector necessitates the development of engine technologies able to increase efficiency and reduce emissions without sacrificing power output. Previous research has demonstrated that reducing heat transfer losses from the cylinder can enable significant efficiency gains in Diesel engines. The high in-cylinder temperatures generated in this engine architecture enable the use of low-cetane fuels with the potential for low-soot operation. Low soot emissions allow the equivalence ratio to be increased to stoichiometric which increases power, and could allow the existing Diesel aftertreatment system to be replaced with a less-expensive three-way catalyst. Natural gas is a promising candidate for stoichiometric, high-temperature, Diesel-style combustion. Its high hydrogen-to-carbon ratio should be able to reduce both soot and carbon dioxide emissions, and its wide distribution as a commercial and residential fuel provides existing infrastructure to speed deployment in transportation applications. This thesis demonstrates stoichiometric, Diesel-style combustion of neat methane as a single-component surrogate for natural gas. It explores the challenges of injecting a gaseous fuel at high pressures, and demonstrates the fuel's capacity for low emissions. It then provides a preliminary investigation into multiple-injection strategies for controlling combustion behavior and emissions in a stoichiometric, high-temperature engine architecture. First, fuel system hardware is developed to enable gaseous operation and preliminary experimentation is accomplished with methane. A fuel compression system is designed to supply methane at pressures suitably high to achieve good mixing and short injection durations, and a solenoid-actuated Diesel fuel injector is modeled and modified to inject methane at these pressures. This fuel injection system is then implemented on a single-cylinder engine. An insulated piston face, air cooled head, and intake preheating achieve suitable start of injection temperatures to ignite methane. Intake preheating is varied at low equivalence ratios to determine the sensitivity of engine performance to temperature at the lowest-load, lowest-temperature conditions of interest. A sweep of equivalence ratio demonstrates soot emissions roughly four times the current EPA limit for heavy-duty vehicles and combustion efficiencies of approximately 92% at stoichiometric fuel loading. High soot levels and low combustion efficiencies are also seen at the lowest equivalence ratios investigated. This suggests poorly mixed combustion, and poor injector performance. Second, injector dynamics are examined in greater detailed, and emissions performance is characterized with improved injector performance. High-speed Schlieren imaging is able to determine the injection dynamics contributing to high low-load emissions. A parametric modeling investigation suggests that reducing the injector plunger length is able to remove flow rate oscillations seen at long injection durations, and that the addition of dry friction is able to reduce the magnitude of low-momentum post injections occurring after injector closing. Dry friction is implemented using PTFE O-rings installed between the injector body and plunger. Imaging is used to confirm that a shortened plunger is able to remove long-duration oscillations, and to determine the number of O-rings necessary to suitably reduce post injection magnitude. The improved injector is used to repeat the sweep of equivalence ratios and demonstrates improved soot emissions at all operating conditions. Most notably, low-load soot emissions are reduced by more than a factor of ten, demonstrating the effectiveness of improved injector performance for improving emissions. Techniques for further improving injector performance and potential changes to injector design are discussed. Finally, the prospects for controlling combustion in a stoichiometric, low heat rejection Diesel engine using multiple injections are discussed and experimentally investigated. The applications and effects of multiple injection strategies in traditional Diesel engines are explored, and their potential extension to stoichiometric engines is discussed. Methanol engine operation enables the use of a fast-actuating piezoinjector and the realization of short injection pulses. A range of two-injection strategies are implemented in order to determine the sensitivity of engine operation to pilot, split-main, and post-injection timing and duration. Small pilot injections are found to have control authority over rate of pressure rise and peak pressure and show some promise for improving combustion efficiency. Post injections demonstrate authority over peak pressure and combustion efficiency. All of these effects are accomplished with minimal impact on engine work output. The experiments of this thesis demonstrate that, even with course control of injection, high-temperature, stoichiometric combustion of methane is able to greatly reduce soot emissions over traditional Diesel engines. Improved injector dynamics and the implementation of multiple injection strategies further improve emissions and combustion performance, suggesting substantial room for refinement of the technology and motivating the continued development of injector hardware and injection strategies. The ability to operate a Diesel engine at stoichiometric fueled only by natural gas and to employ a three-way catalyst for emissions abatement makes this strategy a clean, efficient, high-torque, and low-cost solution for heavy-duty transportation.
Download or read book Spark Ignition Engine Modeling and Control System Design written by Amir-Mohammad Shamekhi and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2023-02-22 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a step-by-step guide to the engine control system design, providing case studies and a thorough analysis of the modeling process using machine learning, and model predictive control (MPC). Covering advanced processes alongside the theoretical foundation, MPC enables engineers to improve performance in both hybrid and non-hybrid vehicles. Control system improvement is one of the major priorities for engineers seeking to enhance an engine. Often possible on a low budget, substantial improvements can be made by applying cutting-edge methods, such as artificial intelligence when modeling engine control system designs and using MPC. This book presents approaches to control system improvement at mid, low, and high levels of control. Beginning with the model-in-the-loop hierarchical control design of ported fuel injection SI engines, this book focuses on optimal control of both transient and steady state and also discusses hardware-in-the-loop. The chapter on low-level control discusses adaptive MPC and adaptive variable functioning, as well as designing a fuel injection feed-forward controller. At mid-level control, engine calibration maps are discussed, with consideration of constraints such as limits on pollutant emissions. Finally, the high-level control methodology is discussed in detail in relation to transient torque control of SI engines. This comprehensive yet clear guide to control system improvement is an essential read for any engineer working in automotive engineering and engine control system design.
Download or read book Development of New Injector for Compressed Natural Gas Engine and the Effect on Performance written by Semin and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis deals with the experimental and computational assessment of a new injector nozzle for a sequential port injection CNG engine. The objective of this thesis was to develop, analyse and investigate the performance characteristics of a new injector nozzle. The methodology of this study was to convert a diesel engine to a CNG engine with modifications the piston and enhancements the spark ignition and throttle based on computational design using GT-Power and experimental results using an eddy current dynamometer. Next, a simulation of the fuel flow of the new injector nozzle was made using Cosmos FloWok. The final objective was to investigate the performance characteristics of the CNG engine using the new injector nozzle. The investigation focused on engine performance based on variations in engine speed. The engine experiments were conducted according to ISO 3046 for reciprocating internal combustion engine performance. The results showed that the conversion of the diesel engine to a CNG engine reduced engine performance. The simulation of the fuel flow of the new injector nozzle increased the spray distribution, fuel-air mixing and fuel flow velocity. The performance characteristics of the new injector nozzle increased the CNG engine's performance and reduced its fuel consumption compared to the original injector. In conclusion, this study reports that the improvement of a new injector nozzle for a CNG engine significantly increased the engine's performance and fuel consumption.
Download or read book Annual Index abstracts of SAE Technical Papers written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 822 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Analysis of Injection Processes in an Innovative 3D CFD Tool for the Simulation of Internal Combustion Engines written by Marlene Wentsch and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-05-16 with total page 181 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Due to the large number of influencing parameters and interactions, the fuel injection and therewith fuel propagation and distribution are among the most complex processes in an internal combustion engine. For this reason, injection is usually the subject to highly detailed numerical modeling, which leads to unacceptably high computing times in the 3D-CFD simulation of a full engine domain. Marlene Wentsch presents a critical analysis, optimization and extension of injection modeling in an innovative, fast response 3D-CFD tool that is exclusively dedicated to the virtual development of internal combustion engines. About the Author Marlene Wentsch works as research associate in the field of 3D-CFD simulations of injection processes at the Institute of Internal Combustion Engines and Automotive Engineering (IVK), University of Stuttgart, Germany.
