Download or read book Design and Development of a Compact X ray Tube for Stationary CT Architecture written by Ashish Vighnahar Avachat and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Multisource architectures enable sweeping one or more x-ray beams across the imaging field-of-view faster than physically moving a single x-ray source and/or a detector. Hence, these architectures are attractive for the applications in which temporal resolution plays an important role, for example, cardiac computed tomography (CT) or real-time CT. One of the recent developments in multisource architectures for CT imaging is stationary CT architecture, whereby two separate stationary arrays - one for x-ray sources and one for detectors - are utilized to sweep one or more x-ray beams along the gantry and acquire 360 degree projections. To have a stationary CT architecture and still acquire enough number of projections for a successful CT reconstruction, an array of closely spaced and individually addressable x-ray sources that are compact in size and are capable of producing x-ray pulses at a high frequency is required. This work is a part of a research continuum toward developing a compact x-ray tube potentially to be used in the said stationary CT architecture. The central hypothesis of the research conducted is that, a field emission (FE) based cold cathode and transmission type anode allow the size of an x-ray tube to be reduced, and still generate a required x-ray pulse. Specifically, this work entails the design of an electrostatic lens for electron focusing in a compact x-ray tube and the initial experimental studies of a prototype compact x-ray tube. Using particle-in-cell code, OOPIC PRO, electron field emission from CNT cathode and electron focusing by three types of electrostatic lenses--Single lens, Double lens, and Einzel lens --were simulated, compared, and studied for anode voltages of 30 kV p to 140 kV p. The first-generation prototype compact x-ray tube was developed and studied. The initial studies conducted to understand the performance of the prototype and its control parameters. After further optimization of size and testing, this compact x-ray tube design holds a potential to be used in a stationary CT architecture for improved temporal resolution."--Abstract, page iv.
Download or read book A Modular Multi source X ray Tube for Novel Computed Tomography Applications written by Brandon Joseph Walker and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A modular implementation of a scanning multi-source x-ray tube is designed for the increasing number of multi-source imaging applications in computed tomography (CT). An electron beam array coupled with an oscillating magnetic deflector is proposed as a means for producing an x-ray focal spot at any position along a line. The preliminary multi-source model includes three thermionic electron guns that are deflected in tandem by a slowly varying magnetic field and pulsed according to a scanning sequence developed for a high-speed CT scanner. Particle tracking simulations with particle dynamics analysis software demonstrate that three 100 keV electron beams are laterally swept a combined distance of 15 cm over a stationary target with an oscillating magnetic field of 102 G perpendicular to the beam axis. Beam modulation is accomplished using 25 μs pulse widths to a grid electrode with a reverse gate bias of -500 V and an extraction voltage of +1000 V. Projected focal spot diameters are approximately 1 mm for 138 mA electron beams and the stationary target stays within thermal limits for the 14 kW module. This concept could be used as the basis for increasing scan throughput for high-speed stationary CT scanners, for lowering dose with virtual fan beam formation, for reducing scatter radiation in cone-beam CT, or in other industrial applications. A benchtop implementation of the multi-source x-ray tube model is subsequently developed to demonstrate proof of concept for the system. Particle tracking simulations for the benchtop system demonstrate that three 80 keV electron beams are able to be focused and laterally swept a combined distance of 15 cm over a stationary target with an oscillating magnetic field of approximately 60 G. Beam spot diameters are approximately 1 mm for 27 mA beams and the stationary target stays well within thermal limits. The relevant hardware and control circuits are developed for incorporation into a physical prototype, including the development of a programmable high voltage bi-polar square wave pulser for electron beam gating. The particle tracking, electromagnetic, and thermal simulations inform the design of a 2.2 kW benchtop system that is currently under construction.
Download or read book Modern Diagnostic X Ray Sources written by Rolf Behling and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-04-18 with total page 413 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gives an up-to-date summary of X-ray source design for applications in modern diagnostic medical imaging. Lays a sound groundwork for education and advanced training in the physics of X-ray production and X-ray interactions with matter. Includes a historical overview of X-ray tube and generator development, including key achievements leading up to the current technological and economic state of the field.
Download or read book Rock Mechanics for Natural Resources and Infrastructure Development Full Papers written by Sergio A.B. Fontoura and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-09-03 with total page 3791 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rock Mechanics for Natural Resources and Infrastructure Development contains the proceedings of the 14th ISRM International Congress (ISRM 2019, Foz do Iguaçu, Brazil, 13-19 September 2019). Starting in 1966 in Lisbon, Portugal, the International Society for Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering (ISRM) holds its Congress every four years. At this 14th occasion, the Congress brings together researchers, professors, engineers and students around contemporary themes relevant to rock mechanics and rock engineering. Rock Mechanics for Natural Resources and Infrastructure Development contains 7 Keynote Lectures and 449 papers in ten chapters, covering topics ranging from fundamental research in rock mechanics, laboratory and experimental field studies, and petroleum, mining and civil engineering applications. Also included are the prestigious ISRM Award Lectures, the Leopold Muller Award Lecture by professor Peter K. Kaiser. and the Manuel Rocha Award Lecture by Dr. Quinghua Lei. Rock Mechanics for Natural Resources and Infrastructure Development is a must-read for academics, engineers and students involved in rock mechanics and engineering. Proceedings in Earth and geosciences - Volume 6 The ‘Proceedings in Earth and geosciences’ series contains proceedings of peer-reviewed international conferences dealing in earth and geosciences. The main topics covered by the series include: geotechnical engineering, underground construction, mining, rock mechanics, soil mechanics and hydrogeology.
Download or read book Design of X ray Source for Real time Computed Tomography written by Wesley William Tucker and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The reduction of motion blur in computed tomography (CT) drives the current research for multisource CT. Due to their compact nature, the current multisource systems utilize stationary angled anodes. Unfortunately, these configurations neither simplify the imaging geometry, nor satisfy the need for managing the high thermal loads demanded by real-time CT (30 acquisition frames per second). To add to the current field of knowledge, two x-ray tube concepts are presented in this dissertation. First, a simulation of transient thermal analysis was performed on a compact transmission-type x-ray tube anode operating in pulse-mode. A correlation was found between deposited beam power and maximum anode temperature for any anode thickness beyond 0.5 mm. A second approach was developed for higher current applications: a rotating cylindrical anode. A modified Oosterkamp equation was developed and used to investigate three beam-sweeping sequences. It was found that although increasing beam sweeping speed increased the maximum power, the deposited energy in the focal spot per acquisition time decreased. Ultimately the step-and shoot sequence was found to be optimal for the cylindrical anode. Next, MCNP was used to find the angular dependence of the fraction of energy that the backscattered electrons carry away from the focal spot for a curved anode. That information was then used in COMSOL to find the electron beam efficiency and maximum power for different incident angles using various focal spot lengths and anode diameters. After that a correlation between maximum deposited power, focal spot length, and rotational surface speed was found. Finally, design considerations are reported based upon a sensitivity analysis of a preliminary design for the cylindrical multisource anode"--Abstract, page iii.
Download or read book Rock Mechanics for Natural Resources and Infrastructure Development Invited Lectures written by Sérgio A. B. da Fontoura and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-09-03 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rock Mechanics for Natural Resources and Infrastructure Development. Invited Lectures contains the Invited and Keynote Lectures and the prestigious ISRM Award Lectures (the Leopold Muller Award Lecture by professor Peter K. Kaiser and the Manuel Rocha Award Lecture by Dr. Quinghua Lei), as presented at the 14th ISRM International Congress (ISRM 2019, Foz do Iguaçu, Brazil, 13-19 September 2019). Starting in 1966 in Lisbon, Portugal, the International Society for Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering (ISRM) holds its Congress every four years, where relevant themes related to rock mechanics and rock engineering are discussed. This volume covers topics ranging from fundamental research in rock mechanics, laboratory and experimental field studies, to petroleum, mining and civil engineering applications, and is a must-read for academics, engineers and students involved in rock mechanics and engineering. Proceedings in Earth and geosciences - Volume 5 The ‘Proceedings in Earth and geosciences’ series contains proceedings of peer-reviewed international conferences dealing in earth and geosciences. The main topics covered by the series include: geotechnical engineering, underground construction, mining, rock mechanics, soil mechanics and hydrogeology.
Download or read book Diagnostic Radiology Recent Advances and Applied Physics in Imaging written by Arun Kumar Gupta and published by JP Medical Ltd. This book was released on 2013-07-30 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This second edition has been fully updated to provide radiologists with all the recent technological advances in diagnostic radiology. Divided into six sections, it covers all the key aspects of the imaging – ultrasound, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, radiography and interventional radiography, and contrast media. The final section discusses miscellaneous topics including evidence based radiology, radiation protection, molecular imaging, planning a modern imaging department, and common drugs used. A separate chapter is dedicated to picture archiving and data management. This comprehensive new edition includes nearly 600 full colour radiological images and illustrations. Key points Fully updated, new edition presenting recent technological advances in diagnostic radiology Covers all key imaging techniques Includes nearly 600 radiological photographs and illustrations Previous edition published in 2007
Download or read book Tomosynthesis Imaging written by Ingrid Reiser and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2016-04-19 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An innovative, three-dimensional x-ray imaging technique that enhances projection radiography by adding depth resolution, Tomosynthesis Imaging explores tomosynthesis, an emerging limited-angle tomographic imaging technology that is being considered for use in a range of clinical applications, and is currently being used for breast cancer screening
Download or read book Handbook of X ray Imaging written by Paolo Russo and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-12-14 with total page 1477 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Containing chapter contributions from over 130 experts, this unique publication is the first handbook dedicated to the physics and technology of X-ray imaging, offering extensive coverage of the field. This highly comprehensive work is edited by one of the world’s leading experts in X-ray imaging physics and technology and has been created with guidance from a Scientific Board containing respected and renowned scientists from around the world. The book's scope includes 2D and 3D X-ray imaging techniques from soft-X-ray to megavoltage energies, including computed tomography, fluoroscopy, dental imaging and small animal imaging, with several chapters dedicated to breast imaging techniques. 2D and 3D industrial imaging is incorporated, including imaging of artworks. Specific attention is dedicated to techniques of phase contrast X-ray imaging. The approach undertaken is one that illustrates the theory as well as the techniques and the devices routinely used in the various fields. Computational aspects are fully covered, including 3D reconstruction algorithms, hard/software phantoms, and computer-aided diagnosis. Theories of image quality are fully illustrated. Historical, radioprotection, radiation dosimetry, quality assurance and educational aspects are also covered. This handbook will be suitable for a very broad audience, including graduate students in medical physics and biomedical engineering; medical physics residents; radiographers; physicists and engineers in the field of imaging and non-destructive industrial testing using X-rays; and scientists interested in understanding and using X-ray imaging techniques. The handbook's editor, Dr. Paolo Russo, has over 30 years’ experience in the academic teaching of medical physics and X-ray imaging research. He has authored several book chapters in the field of X-ray imaging, is Editor-in-Chief of an international scientific journal in medical physics, and has responsibilities in the publication committees of international scientific organizations in medical physics. Features: Comprehensive coverage of the use of X-rays both in medical radiology and industrial testing The first handbook published to be dedicated to the physics and technology of X-rays Handbook edited by world authority, with contributions from experts in each field
Download or read book FRCR Physics Notes written by Christopher Clarke and published by . This book was released on 2020-11-13 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comprehensive medical imaging physics notes aimed at those sitting the first FRCR physics exam in the UK and covering the scope of the Royal College of Radiologists syllabus. Written by Radiologists, the notes are concise and clearly organised with 100's of beautiful diagrams to aid understanding. The notes cover all of radiology physics, including basic science, x-ray imaging, CT, ultrasound, MRI, molecular imaging, and radiation dosimetry, protection and legislation. Although aimed at UK radiology trainees, it is also suitable for international residents taking similar examinations, postgraduate medical physics students and radiographers. The notes provide an excellent overview for anyone interested in the physics of radiology or just refreshing their knowledge. This third edition includes updates to reflect new legislation and many new illustrations, added sections, and removal of content no longer relevent to the FRCR physics exam. This edition has gone through strict critique and evaluation by physicists and other specialists to provide an accurate, understandable and up-to-date resource. The book summarises and pulls together content from the FRCR Physics Notes at Radiology Cafe and delivers it as a paperback or eBook for you to keep and read anytime. There are 7 main chapters, which are further subdivided into 60 sub-chapters so topics are easy to find. There is a comprehensive appendix and index at the back of the book.
Download or read book Farr s Physics for Medical Imaging written by Penelope J. Allisy-Roberts and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2007-11-14 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This title is directed primarily towards health care professionals outside of the United States. The new edition has been fully updated to reflect the latest advances in technology and legislation and the needs of today's radiology trainees. Invaluable reading, particularly for those sitting the primary and final examinations of the Royal College of Radiology, UK, the book will also be of value to radiographers and personnel interested in medical imaging. The concise text is also accompanied by clear line drawings and sample images to illustrate the principles discussed. Closely matches needs of FRCR examination candidates. Updated to reflect changes to FRCR examination. More medically orientated. Covers new legislation concerning radiological safety etc. 'Must-know' summaries at end of each chapter. Completely new design.
Download or read book X Ray Equipment Maintenance and Repairs Workbook for Radiographers and Radiological Technologists written by Ian R. McClelland and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2004 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The X-ray equipment maintenance and repairs workbook is intended to help and guide staff working with, and responsible for, radiographic equipment and installations in remote institutions where the necessary technical support is not available, to perform routine maintenance and minor repairs of equipment to avoid break downs. The book can be used for self study and as a checklist for routine maintenance procedures.
Download or read book Theory and Design of Charged Particle Beams written by Martin Reiser and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-09-26 with total page 634 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although particle accelerators are the book's main thrust, it offers a broad synoptic description of beams which applies to a wide range of other devices such as low-energy focusing and transport systems and high-power microwave sources. Develops material from first principles, basic equations and theorems in a systematic way. Assumptions and approximations are clearly indicated. Discusses underlying physics and validity of theoretical relationships, design formulas and scaling laws. Features a significant amount of recent work including image effects and the Boltzmann line charge density profiles in bunched beams.
Download or read book Computed Tomography for Technologists Exam Review written by Lois Romans and published by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. This book was released on 2018-07-23 with total page 446 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Publisher's Note: Products purchased from 3rd Party sellers are not guaranteed by the Publisher for quality, authenticity, or access to any online entitlements included with the product. Computed Tomography for Technologists: Exam Review, Second Edition, is intended to be used as a companion to Computed Tomography for Technologists: A Comprehensive Text, Second Edition, and as a review of computed tomography on its own. This is an excellent resource for students preparing to take the advanced level certification exam offered by The American Registry of Radiologic Technologists (ARRT).
Download or read book Applications of X ray Computed Tomography in the Geosciences written by Florias Mees and published by Geological Society of London. This book was released on 2003 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: X-ray computed tomography (CT) is a technique that allows non-destructive imaging and quantification of internal features of objects. X-ray CT reveals differences in density and atomic composition and can therefore be used for the study of porosity, the relative distribution of contrasting solid phases and the penetration of injected solutions. In this book, various applications of X-ray CT in the geosciences are illustrated by papers covering a wide range of disciplines, including petrology, soil science, petroleum geology, geomechanics and sedimentology.
Download or read book Diagnostic Radiology Physics written by International Atomic Energy Agency and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication is aimed at students and teachers involved in programmes that train medical physicists for work in diagnostic radiology. It provides a comprehensive overview of the basic medical physics knowledge required in the form of a syllabus for the practice of modern diagnostic radiology. This makes it particularly useful for graduate students and residents in medical physics programmes. The material presented in the publication has been endorsed by the major international organizations and is the foundation for academic and clinical courses in both diagnostic radiology physics and in emerging areas such as imaging in radiotherapy.
Download or read book Introduction to Computed Tomography written by Lois E. Romans and published by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. This book was released on 1995 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Takes technical process of CT scanning and breaks it down to digestible components. Provides technical detail essential to understanding the modality.
