Download or read book Design and Construction of Solar Kiln for Lumber Drying written by Awam Joel and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2019-06-18 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Academic Paper from the year 2015 in the subject Engineering - Chemical Engineering, , language: English, abstract: This research aims to design and fabricate a solar kiln dryer that uses a solar panel to trap the sun’s rich energy and also the design of an inverter that converts the direct current of the sun to an alternative current that will charge the battery and power heater element for drying. The principal mode of heat transfer is convection. The temperature of the incoming stream of air is raised by the heating element, a circular motion fan drives the heated air uniformly through the heating chamber, in this way heat is convectively transferred from the hot air to the cold air. Wood is a hygroscopic material which gains moisture content as a result of changes in humidity. Hygroscopicity is one of the most distinctive properties of wood. Any kind of wood product absorbs and desorbs moisture from the surrounding air until it reaches equilibrium moisture content (EMC), a balance point between the wood’s moisture content and that of the surrounding environment. Fresh cut lumber contains a great deal of water. If the water is not removed, the lumber can’t be used to produce a high quality finished product. Properly dried lumber sells for a higher price and is much easier to work with than lumber that have not been dried. When lumber is well dried it machines better, glues better, and finishes better. Drying also improves the strength of the lumber, kills infestations, hardens pitch, preserves colour, reduces weight and controls shrinkage. Lumber that is not dried under controlled conditions is prone to warping, staining, and other degradations that diminishes its selling price and workability.
Download or read book Drying Hardwood Lumber written by Joseph Denig and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drying Hardwood Lumber focuses on common methods for drying lumber of different thickness, with minimal drying defects, for high quality applications. This manual also includes predrying treatments that, when part of an overall quality-oriented drying system, reduce defects and improve drying quality, especially of oak lumber. Special attention is given to drying white wood, such as hard maple and ash, without sticker shadow or other discoloration. Several special drying methods, such as solar drying, are described, and proper techniques for storing dried lumber are discussed. Suggestions are provided for ways to economize on drying costs by reducing drying time and energy demands when feasible. Each chapter is accompanied by a list of references. Some references are cited in the chapter; others are listed as additional sources of information.
Download or read book The Design Construction and Testing of an Air System Type Solar Lumber Drying Kiln written by Steve Jeffrey Hageman and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Drying Wood with a Solar Kiln Plans Included written by John Davidson and published by Mendon Cottage Books. This book was released on 2016-04-25 with total page 55 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Table of Contents Introduction Benefits of Using Wood Drying of Wood Why is Wood Drying Necessary? Wood Drying Points and Categories Benefits of Wood Drying Process: Different Methods Used in the Wood Drying Process: Different Types of Kilns Used for Wood Drying: Solar Kiln: Conventional Kiln: Vacuum Kilns: Dehumidification Kiln: Solar Kiln Wood Drying and its Advantages: Key Features of a Solar Kiln: The Mechanism of the Solar Kiln Wood Drying: Important Indicators Used in the Solar Kiln for Wood Drying: Moisture Reading: Moisture Meter: Appropriate MC Level: Types of Solar Kiln Designs: The Greenhouse Design: The Semi-Greenhouse Design: The Opaque Wall Design: How to Build a Solar Kiln for Wood Drying Selection of the kiln design: Building the Solar Kiln: Assembling the Solar Kiln: Important Considerations While Building the Solar Kiln: The Storage: The Circulation System: The Ventilation System: The Glazing Material used: Insulation of the Walls: Size of the Collector: Plans for Building a Solar Kiln Conclusion: Author Bio Publisher Introduction Among the thousands of natural resources present in the world, wood is one of the most popular ones. It was not until the turn of the previous century that the human dependence on wood was higher than any other sources of energy. It was considered to be a one of the wonders of nature that was created to provide comfort and support to the humanly civilized way of living. Although there is no historical confirmation about the first use of wood by humans, still it dates back to a very long period of time when it was a major lifestyle resource for our ancestors from the ancient times. Wood was utilized not just as a source of heating or drawing energy, but also as a material for making tools, household furniture, sheltering objects, transporting objects, decorative purposes, culinary items and cutlery, and a large number of other items that one can only imagine. As per historians, wood was the original material used in most of the first time scientific inventions. To date, wood is a very important part of human living. Life without wood can be very difficult and expensive.
Download or read book Design and Operation of a Solar heated Dry Kiln for Tropical Latitudes written by Brian H. Bond and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lumber is usually dried to a specific moisture content prior to further manufacturing or use. While lumber can be air-dried, the ambient humidity in most localities prevents the lumber from reaching the moisture content necessary for dimensional stability and use, especially for interior use. Solar kilns are an inexpensive alternative to conventional steam-heated kilns, especially for small operations and communities. Solar-heated kilns have great potential in developing countries, especially in remote locations with little access to conventional energy sources. This publication describes the construction and operation of a solar kiln for lumber drying in tropical latitudes.
Download or read book FPL Design for Lumber Dry Kiln Using Solar wood Energy in Tropical Latitudes written by John L. Tschernitz and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Developing countries with a timber resource that can be manufactured into finished products either for local use or export often lack the capital to build high-cost dry kilns. Many of these countries are in the tropics where solar radiation and ambient temperatures are high. The low-cost solar/wood energy lumber dry kiln described in this report was designed and tested by the Forest Products Laboratory (FPL) for such countries where solar dry kilns can be built and operated at low cost. The FPL design is for a 6,000-fbm capacity kiln having an insulated drying compartment, an external horizontal solar collector, and a furnace room containing a wood burner. Capacities larger or smaller than 6,000 fbm are also possible. This design allows collector and wood burner sizing to match the energy demands of the dryer. The design also incorporates low-cost controls that allow unattended drying when operated as a solar-only dryer. Manual firing is necessary when the wood-burning system is supplying the energy. This kiln design is the final, commercial-size version established after years of testing several 1,000-fbm capacity prototypes. In December 1984 a kiln of this design was built in Sri Lanka at a factory that manufactures furniture and laminated beams from rubber and coconut wood.
Download or read book Solar Heated Lumber Dry Kiln Designs written by Eugene M. Wengert and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Design and Operation of a Solar heated Dry Kiln for Tropical Latitudes written by Brian Bond and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Improvements in Solar Dry Kiln Design written by Eugene M. Wengert and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Interest in solar drying of lumber has increased in recent years because previous results had indicated that: Drying times are shorter and final moisture contents are lower in solar drying than in air drying; much less lumber degrade occurs in solar drying when compared to air drying; and the cost of energy is less in solar drying than in kiln drying. Work in the field of solar drying has reached the point at which dryer designs are being modified or need to be modified to provide more efficient dryers. In order that these modifications can be made intelligently, it is necessary to identify the weak areas (such as excessive solar reflectance from the walls) in the present dryer designs. The objective of this study was to identify the major energy losses in the solar dryer at Colorado State University, and then to suggest various design changes, based on theoretical considerations, to reduce these losses to leave more energy for the primary task of drying wood.
Download or read book Solar Lumber Kiln Final Report written by and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this project was to establish design parameters for the construction of small scale (1000 board foot capacity) lumber drying kiln which derives its thermal energy from the sun. Results of a six month monitoring period are presented, as well as second generation design considerations and simplified control logic. (LEW).
Download or read book Industrial Heat Pump Assisted Wood Drying written by Vasile Minea and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-08-06 with total page 892 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses conventional as well as unconventional wood drying technologies. It covers fundamental thermophysical and energetic aspects and integrates two complex thermodynamic systems, conventional kilns and heat pumps, aimed at improving the energy performance of dryers and the final quality of dried lumber. It discusses advanced components, kiln energy requirements, modeling, and software and emphasizes dryer/heat pump optimum coupling, control, and energy efficiency. Problems are included in most chapters as practical, numerical examples for process and system/components calculation and design. The book presents promising advancements and R&D challenges and future requirements.
Download or read book The Art of Timber Drying with Solar Kilns written by G. S. Hall and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Solar Industrial Process Heat for Kiln Drying Lumber written by S. James Robertson and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Drying Wood with the Sun written by and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Solar Kilns written by John L. Tschernitz and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 63 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A substantial portion of wood exported from developing countries is in the form of logs. To aid their economic growth, these countries are emphasizing increased domestic processing of logs into lumber or finished products. Improper, ore lack of, lumber drying has deterred this value added manufacturing. Solar kilns can offer low-cost drying capacity. This study tested the feasibility of using solar energy to improve lumber drying by small- to medium-scale operators in developing countries. A literature review confirms the potential of solar drying and points out the success or failure of some design features, construction details, and applications of solar dryers. Feasibility estimates concluded that solar drying is practicable if a dryer meets production and cost requirements. Two dryer designs, a greenhouse type and an external-collector type, were proposed. Their production capacity was estimated by a material and energy balance analysis, and their construction costs were estimated.
Download or read book FPL Forest Products Laboratory Design for Lumber Dry Kiln Using Solar Wood Energy in Tropical Latitudes written by J. L. Tschernitz and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Developing countries with a timber resource that can be manufactured into finished products either for local use or export often lack the capital to build high-cost dry kilns. Many of these countries are in the tropics where solar radiation and ambient temperatures are high. The low-cost solar/wood energy lumber dry kiln described in this report was designed and tested by the Forest Products Laboratory (FPL) for such countries where solar dry kilns can be built and operated at low cost. The FPL design is for a 6,000-fbm capacity kiln having an insulated drying compartment, an external horizontal solar collector, and a furnace room containing a wood burner. Capacities larger or smaller than 6,000 fbm are also possible. This design allows collector and wood burner sizing to match the energy demands of the dryer. This kiln design is the final, commercial-size version established after years of testing several 1,000-fbm capacity prototypes. Keywords: Solar, solar drying, wood energy, dry kiln, tropics, dryer.
Download or read book Construction and Operation of Solar Kilns for Seasoning Timber in Bangladesh written by M. A. Sattar and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
