Download or read book Deposit refund Systems written by Peter Bohm and published by Johns Hopkins University Press. This book was released on 1981 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Deposit Refund Systems written by Peter Bohm and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The United States Experience with Deposit Refund Systems written by Jeff A. Myrom and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 91 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Study of Deposit Refund Systems for Beverage Containers and Batteries written by Environmental Resources Limited (Oxford) and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 99 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Optimal Deposit Refund Systems written by Hiroshi Kinokuni and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What is the desirable deposit-refund system (DRS) to prevent waste and foster design for environment (DfE)? We construct a two-period model for the production and disposal of various types of products associated with durability, which is regarded as a DfE. Optimal DRSs improve both households' effort for proper recycling activities and producers' incentives for enhancing durability. We show that a firm has an incentive to reduce its durability to recover households' willingness to pay (WTP), since the time lag between the deposit and refunding makes households feel burdened and their WTP declines as a result. Optimal DRSs, especially optimal refund rates, depend on the durability of products. When the firm chooses durability, the decrease in the refund rate incentivizes the firm to increase product durability, and thus, a partially backed DRS is socially desirable. For the cases of perfectly durable products and non-durable products, fully backed DRSs are optimal.
Download or read book Deposit refund Systems for Hazardous Waste Management written by Wendy Pratt Cuckovich and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Deposit refund Systems for Beverage Containers and Batteries written by and published by . This book was released on 1991-01-01 with total page 91 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study considers the impacts of implementing deposit/refund systems for both the UK beverage industry and UK battery industry. Deposit/refund systems introduced in other countries have been successful in achieving high rates of return for the materials targeted. Similar systems introduced in the UK could help achieve the government's target of recycling 50 per cent of household waste by the year 2000.
Download or read book Making a Green Machine written by Finn Arne Jørgensen and published by Rutgers University Press. This book was released on 2011 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Making a Green Machine examines the development of the Scandinavian beverage container deposit-refund system, which has the highest return rates in the world, from 1970 to present. Finn Arne Jorgensen's comparative framework charts the complex network of business and political actors involved in the development of the reverse vending machine (RVM) and bottle deposit legislation to better understand the different historical trajectories empty beverage containers have taken across markets, including the U.S. The RVM began simply as a tool for grocers who had to handle empty refillable glass bottles, but has become a green machine to redeem the empty beverage container, helping both business and consumers participate in environmental actions.
Download or read book Two Generalizations of a Deposit refund System written by Don Fullerton and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper suggests two generalizations of the deposit-refund idea. In the first, we apply the idea not just to solid waste materials, but to any waste from production or consumption including wastes that may be solid, gaseous, or liquid. Using a simple general equilibrium model, we derive the optimal combination of a tax on a purchased commodity and subsidy to a clean' activity (such as emission abatement, recycling, or disposal in a sanitary landfill). This two-part instrument' is equivalent to a Pigovian tax on the dirty' activity (such as emissions, dumping, or litter). In the second generalization, we consider the case where government must use distorting taxes on labor and capital incomes. To help meet the revenue requirement, would the optimal deposit be raised and the refund reduced? We derive the second-best revenue-raising DRS or two-part instrument to answer that question
Download or read book Optimal Policies for Solid Waste Disposal written by Karen Palmer and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Deposit refund Systems and the Interplay with Additional Mandatory Extended Producer Responsibility Policies written by Frithjof Laubinger and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite decades of experience with Deposit Refund Systems (DRS) in some countries and sub-national markets, there are only a few instances where DRS is complemented by additional mandatory extended producer responsibility (EPR) policy instruments within the same sector. In light of increasingly ambitious collection and recycling targets, countries and sub-national governments are considering the use of a DRS for specific products in combination with other mandatory EPR policy instruments. This interplay of a DRS and other mandatory EPR policy instruments can lead to synergies, as it can improve the quality and quantity of recycling, enable reuse systems and incentivise eco-design. DRS also helps to address littering and influence consumer behaviour, which is difficult to address with other mandatory EPR policy instruments. This report identifies key insights that can guide the design and implementation of a DRS and its role in a broader policy mix including other mandatory EPR policies.
Download or read book Doing More for Less written by David Mcrobert and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Deposit refund Systems written by Peter Bohm and published by Johns Hopkins University Press. This book was released on 1981 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book An Evaluation of the Economic Effects of a Deposit Refund System on Beverage Containers in South Australia written by W.D. Scott & Co and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book How to Manage Value Added Tax Refunds written by Mario Pessoa and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2021-05-10 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The value-added tax (VAT) has the potential to generate significant government revenue. Despite its intrinsic self-enforcement capacity, many tax administrations find it challenging to refund excess input credits, which is critical to a well-functioning VAT system. Improperly functioning VAT refund practices can have profound implications for fiscal policy and management, including inaccurate deficit measurement, spending overruns, poor budget credibility, impaired treasury operations, and arrears accumulation.This note addresses the following issues: (1) What are VAT refunds and why should they be managed properly? (2) What practices should be put in place (in tax policy, tax administration, budget and treasury management, debt, and fiscal statistics) to help manage key aspects of VAT refunds? For a refund mechanism to be credible, the tax administration must ensure that it is equipped with the strategies, processes, and abilities needed to identify VAT refund fraud. It must also be prepared to act quickly to combat such fraud/schemes.
Download or read book Doing More for Less on Container Recycling written by David S. Mcrobert and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2016-05-31 with total page 536 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the Preface: Corporate Soft Drink Foxes and Municipal Blue Box Henhouses by Guy Crittenden, Founding Editor, Solid Waste and Recycling Magazine (1992-2014) "We have fallen so far, and our fall has been by design.... Yet all we do is busy ourselves wondering how to boost recycling rates. Have you noticed the shift in almost all packaging now toward plastic? When did that happen? Now my peanut butter jar, my ketchup and mustard bottle - almost everything! - comes in a plastic container. The soft drink industry kicked open the unsustainable door and the rest of the brand owners rushed through, unnoticed. In the almost quarter century I've edited Solid Waste & Recycling Magazine I've argued these points repeatedly, often aware that I'm offending some of the very audience (recycling program managers) that reads the publication, and (worse) the recycling equipment manufacturers that advertise with us. Yet the truth must be told. During that time David McRobert has been a stalwart ally in holding policymakers' toes to the fire on these issues, reminding both the government and industry powers-that-be that the well-recognized waste management hierarchy ranks reduction and reuse above recycling. The whole system is upside down. I'm enthused about this book because McRobert is one of the few voices out there asking these fundamental questions. How much easier it is for the lawyers and consultants who sell themselves to the highest bidder, helping multinationals with their statecraft, and promoting that recycling costs should be a "shared" responsibility between the public and private interests.... It's a small band of iconoclasts who continue to willingly "speak truth to power," especially when doing so tears up their ticket on the corporate gravy train. David McRobert is one of those people and I trust readers will enjoy this book and use its information as a cudgel to beat back the interests of multinationals and move us toward a more locally-oriented future, where recycling and deposit-refund systems are used judiciously for appropriate material streams, and in which true extended producer responsibility is implemented as the correct answer to the right question." Guy Crittenden September 2014 THE CORE IDEAS IN THIS BOOK are based on a brief originally prepared in 1991 which examined the role of deposit-refund systems in promoting waste reduction and re-use. Drawing on the example of container reuse, the brief shows that deposit-return systems are an extremely effective way to encourage consumers to recycle and reuse beverage containers, and that the system could very effectively be adapted to other waste products such as batteries, compact fluorescent lights (CFLs) or paint cans, which should be kept out of landfills.Where deposit-refund systems are employed with depots and well promoted, container redemption rates can reach up to 98 per cent. Deposits also have a proven track record on reducing litter, and they are supported by naturalists, cottagers, and others who dislike seeing litter in rural or wilderness areas. However, retailers of beverages in some developed nations dislike deposit/refund systems because they can create more handling work for employees and the cans and bottles have been viewed as "unsightly".Despite these concerns, the environmental benefits of deposit-refund systems include: less pollution; sending less solid waste to landfills; less contaminated recyclables; and reductions in energy (and labour costs) to operate trucks to pick up and process recyclables. But there are other benefits. Reusable products, as opposed to disposable ones, are also cheaper for the average consumer over the long term, saving on the time and effort of constantly replacing disposable items. Deposit-refund systems and refillable containers also are based on the concept of product stewardship, and the argument that consumers and producers should take greater responsibility for the used materials they generate.
Download or read book Economic Impact Analysis of the Beverage Container Deposit refund System written by Gardner Pinfold Consultants Inc and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
