Download or read book Dendritic Spines from Biophysics to Neuropathology written by Menahem Segal and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2021-03-26 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Biophysics of Dendritic Spine Morphogenesis written by Olena Marchenko and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dendritic spines receive the majority of synaptic inputs in the mammalian central nervous system and constitute the foundation for a healthy nervous system. Cognitive and motor delays, and other symptoms of impaired neurodevelopment are associated with abnormal dendritic spine shape and densities. Understanding of spine stability and spine formation in neurodevelopmental conditions remains elusive. Spine formation is determined by the stability of its transient precursor: the dendritic filopodium. First, we aim to understand dendritic filopodium motility and stability mechanism that underlies its transition into a spine. We hypothesized that mechanical feedback among the actin retrograde flow, myosin activity, and substrate adhesion gives rise to various filopodial behaviors. We have formulated a minimal one-dimensional partial differential equation model that reproduces the range of observed motility. The model predicts the response of the system to each of these experimental perturbations, supporting the hypothesis that our actomyosin-driven mechanism controls dendritic filopodia dynamics and therefore identifies the main parameters in spine formation and stability. Spine development is deficient in Angelman (AS) and overabundant in Dup15q Syndromes as suggested by the corresponding animal models. In human cells, the phenotypic outcome and the timepoint in neurodevelopment at which the phenotype emerges, have not previously been studied. Therefore, we investigated dendritic spine morphology in Dup15q and AS human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived neurons, characterizing filopodia motility, spine shape, maturation and neurite branching at different time points of development. Our findings suggest that the first phenotypic differences in Dup15q Syndrome arise during early neurodevelopment at week 7 with increased dendritic filopodia density and protrusion/retraction rates compared to control. We further show that the spine number and density are increased in Dup15q and decreased in AS. For future studies, syndrome-specific spine formation can be explored with a morphologically realistic 2-dimensional partial differential equation model of a dendritic spine solved on moving boundaries.
Download or read book Biophysics of Computation written by Christof Koch and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2004-10-28 with total page 587 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neural network research often builds on the fiction that neurons are simple linear threshold units, completely neglecting the highly dynamic and complex nature of synapses, dendrites, and voltage-dependent ionic currents. Biophysics of Computation: Information Processing in Single Neurons challenges this notion, using richly detailed experimental and theoretical findings from cellular biophysics to explain the repertoire of computational functions available to single neurons. The author shows how individual nerve cells can multiply, integrate, or delay synaptic inputs and how information can be encoded in the voltage across the membrane, in the intracellular calcium concentration, or in the timing of individual spikes.Key topics covered include the linear cable equation; cable theory as applied to passive dendritic trees and dendritic spines; chemical and electrical synapses and how to treat them from a computational point of view; nonlinear interactions of synaptic input in passive and active dendritic trees; the Hodgkin-Huxley model of action potential generation and propagation; phase space analysis; linking stochastic ionic channels to membrane-dependent currents; calcium and potassium currents and their role in information processing; the role of diffusion, buffering and binding of calcium, and other messenger systems in information processing and storage; short- and long-term models of synaptic plasticity; simplified models of single cells; stochastic aspects of neuronal firing; the nature of the neuronal code; and unconventional models of sub-cellular computation.Biophysics of Computation: Information Processing in Single Neurons serves as an ideal text for advanced undergraduate and graduate courses in cellular biophysics, computational neuroscience, and neural networks, and will appeal to students and professionals in neuroscience, electrical and computer engineering, and physics.
Download or read book The Synaptic Basis of Neuropathology written by Fereshteh S. Nugent and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-04-04 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Theoretical Foundation of Dendritic Function written by Wilfrid Rall and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 1995 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection of fifteen previously published papers, some of them not widely available, have been carefully chosen and annotated by Rall's colleagues and other leading neuroscientists.
Download or read book Neurocytology written by Ennio Pannese and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-03-16 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the second half of the 20th century, the introduction of a variety of new techniques greatly expanded our knowledge of the structure of nerve and neuroglial cells and of the organization of the nervous system at the cellular level. This new information has, however, generally been scattered throughout the literature, making it difficult for investigators to gain an overall vision of the discipline. The author has marshalled these scattered data to provide a systematic overview of the field placed within a historical context. He has correlated the major new findings with the classical notions of light microscopy and has integrated them with elements of biochemistry and cell physiology. After the publication of the first edition, the introduction of new microscopies and especially the growth of molecular biology have greatly expanded our knowledge, in particular on the intercellular communication in the nervous system and on the roles of neuroglial cells. These achievements have made a second edition of the book necessary. The fully revised and updated text, together with unique high-quality illustrations of structures of the central and peripheral nervous system, ensure that this new edition will be invaluable for neuroscientists, particularly those involved in cellular neuropathology, neurochemistry, neurophysiology and molecular neurobiology.
Download or read book Quantum Computing For The Brain written by Melanie Swan and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2022-05-30 with total page 551 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Quantum Computing for the Brain argues that the brain is the killer application for quantum computing. No other system is as complex, as multidimensional in time and space, as dynamic, as less well-understood, as of peak interest, and as in need of three-dimensional modeling as it functions in real-life, as the brain.Quantum computing has emerged as a platform suited to contemporary data processing needs, surpassing classical computing and supercomputing. This book shows how quantum computing's increased capacity to model classical data with quantum states and the ability to run more complex permutations of problems can be employed in neuroscience applications such as neural signaling and synaptic integration. State-of-the-art methods are discussed such as quantum machine learning, tensor networks, Born machines, quantum kernel learning, wavelet transforms, Rydberg atom arrays, ion traps, boson sampling, graph-theoretic models, quantum optical machine learning, neuromorphic architectures, spiking neural networks, quantum teleportation, and quantum walks.Quantum Computing for the Brain is a comprehensive one-stop resource for an improved understanding of the converging research frontiers of foundational physics, information theory, and neuroscience in the context of quantum computing.
Download or read book The NEURON Book written by Nicholas T. Carnevale and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2006-01-12 with total page 399 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The authoritative reference on NEURON, the simulation environment for modeling biological neurons and neural networks that enjoys wide use in the experimental and computational neuroscience communities. This book shows how to use NEURON to construct and apply empirically based models. Written primarily for neuroscience investigators, teachers, and students, it assumes no previous knowledge of computer programming or numerical methods. Readers with a background in the physical sciences or mathematics, who have some knowledge about brain cells and circuits and are interested in computational modeling, will also find it helpful. The NEURON Book covers material that ranges from the inner workings of this program, to practical considerations involved in specifying the anatomical and biophysical properties that are to be represented in models. It uses a problem-solving approach, with many working examples that readers can try for themselves.
Download or read book Dendrites written by Greg Stuart and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016-04-07 with total page 555 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dendrites are complex neuronal structures that receive and integrate synaptic input from other nerve cells. They therefore play a critical role in brain function. Although dendrites were discovered over a century ago, due to the development of powerful new techniques there has been a dramatic resurgence of interest in the properties and function of these beautiful structures. This is the third edition of the first book devoted exclusively to dendrites. It contains a comprehensive survey of the current state of dendritic research across a wide range of topics, from dendritic morphology, evolution, development, and plasticity through to the electrical, biochemical and computational properties of dendrites, and finally to the key role of dendrites in brain disease. The third edition has been thoroughly revised, with the addition of a number of new chapters and comprehensive updates or rewrites of existing chapters by leading experts. "Dendrites" will be of interest to researchers and students in neuroscience and related fields, as well as to anyone interested in how the brain works.
Download or read book Neurobehavioral Plasticity written by Norman E. Spear and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2013-06-17 with total page 491 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes a unique combination of research programs based on a striking variety of hypotheses and procedures directed toward understanding the sources and consequences of neurobehavioral plasticity. This remarkable attribute of the nervous system -- to be pliable and capable of being shaped or formed by natural or artificial sources toward adaptation or maladaptation -- is considered in terms of the neurochemical forces and neuroanatomical structure that has been found to be pivotal for this function. The impetus for this volume was a symposium held to honor Robert L. Isaacson for his scientific and pedagogical achievements as well as his contributions to behavioral neuroscience. Corresponding to his three major research interests, the book is divided into three sections as follows: * the first explores the relationship between the limbic system and behavior, with an emphasis on learning and memory; * the second considers -- through a wide range of approaches -- issues of plasticity in behavior and brain; and * the third deals with neural and chemical determinants of normal and abnormal behavior. This volume is not only a fitting tribute to Isaacson, but also an unusual collection of new evidence, procedures, and theories destined to have significant influence on behavioral neuroscience.
Download or read book Receptor Tyrosine Kinases in Neurodegenerative and Psychiatric Disorders written by Heba Mohamed Mansour and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2023-06-06 with total page 606 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Overexpression of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) has been implicated in cancer. Increasing evidence suggests that dysregulation of RTKs is reported in many neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders. Receptor Tyrosine Kinases in Neurodegenerative and Psychiatric Disorders provides a fundamental, pragmatic map of RTKs structure, activation, functions, mechanism of action, gene regulation, and signaling pathways in developing central nervous system (CNS), adult normal CNS, neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders. Additionally, the structure, function, activation, and therapeutic potential of many growth factors have been covered. Here, international experts in the field offer a comprehensive discussion of results of pre-clinical and clinical studies of repositioning of anti-cancer receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (RTKIs) and other promising protein kinase inhibitors in various neurodegenerative disorders including, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Huntington's disease, and multiple sclerosis, and psychiatric disorders including, anxiety, depression, alcohol use disorder, and schizophrenia. In addition, the book discusses the obstacles and opportunities for the potential repositioning of kinase inhibitors in neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders. Provides a thorough overview of RTKs biology and their role in health and disease progression and modulation Highlights RTK families and the numerous receptors within each subfamily Examines RTKIs and other protein kinase inhibitors in pre-clinical and clinical trials in both neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders Gives future directions of possible safe effective targeted RTKIs and other protein kinase inhibitors that may be repositioned in various neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders Includes chapter contributions from renowned experts in biology, pharmacology, neurology, psychiatry, and oncology
Download or read book IBRO Survey of Research Facilities and Manpower in Brain Sciences in the United States written by National Research Council (U.S.). Committee on Brain Sciences and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Long term Potentiation from Biophysics to Behavior written by Sam A. Deadwyler and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 576 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Mathematics for Neuroscientists written by Fabrizio Gabbiani and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2017-02-04 with total page 630 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mathematics for Neuroscientists, Second Edition, presents a comprehensive introduction to mathematical and computational methods used in neuroscience to describe and model neural components of the brain from ion channels to single neurons, neural networks and their relation to behavior. The book contains more than 200 figures generated using Matlab code available to the student and scholar. Mathematical concepts are introduced hand in hand with neuroscience, emphasizing the connection between experimental results and theory. Fully revised material and corrected text Additional chapters on extracellular potentials, motion detection and neurovascular coupling Revised selection of exercises with solutions More than 200 Matlab scripts reproducing the figures as well as a selection of equivalent Python scripts
Download or read book Modeling in the Neurosciences written by R.R. Poznanski and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-01-22 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With contributions from more than 40 renowned experts, Modeling in the Neurosciences: From Ionic Channels to Neural Networks is essential for those interested in neuronal modeling and quantitative neiroscience. Focusing on new mathematical and computer models, techniques and methods, this monograph represents a cohesive and comprehensive treatment
Download or read book Long term Potentiation written by M. Baudry and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 1991 with total page 494 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Following the successful format of the first volume on long- term potentiation -- a leading candidate for the neuronal basis of learning and memory -- Volume 2 brings together the most recent data and hypotheses by top neuroscientists regarding the mechanisms of this phenomenon and of long-term depression (LTD). The book is divided into several sections covering different aspects of the field ranging from molecular mechanisms of plasticity to computational neurobiology. It revisits some of the major points covered in Volume 1, updating them in this fast-moving field. It also introduces several new issues that have arisen since then. Of the many possible new topics that could have been added, the editors have focused on retrograde messengers and the mechanisms and functions of LTP and LTD because they are the subject of much interest, research, and controversy. The section on retrograde messengers deals primarily with nitric oxide.
Download or read book Essential Tremor Current Concepts and Controversies written by Sheng-Han Kuo and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2022-06-21 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tremors, Volume 163 in the International Review in Neurobiology serial highlights new advances in the field, with this new volume presenting interesting chapters. Each chapter is written by an international board of authors. Provides the authority and expertise of leading contributors from an international board of authors Presents the latest release in the International Review on Neurobiology serial Updated release includes the latest information on Tremors
