Download or read book Demand for Value Added and Value Added Exchange Rates written by Mr.Rudolfs Bems and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2015-09-08 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We examine the role of cross-border input linkages in governing how international relative price changes influence demand for domestic value added. We define a novel value-added real effective exchange rate (REER), which aggregates bilateral value-added price changes, and link this REER to demand for value added. Input linkages enable countries to gain competitiveness following depreciations by supply chain partners, and hence counterbalance beggar-thy-neighbor effects. Cross-country differences in input linkages also imply that the elasticity of demand for value added is country specific. Using global input-output data, we demonstrate these conceptual insights are quantitatively important and compute historical value-added REERs.

Download or read book Demand for Value Added and Value added Exchange Rates written by Rudolfs Bems and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We examine the role of cross-border input linkages in governing how international relative price changes influence demand for domestic value added. We define a novel value-added real effective exchange rate (REER), which aggregates bilateral value-added price changes, and link this REER to demand for value added. Input linkages enable countries to gain competitiveness following depreciations by supply chain partners, and hence counterbalance beggar-thy-neighbor effects. Cross-country differences in input linkages also imply that the elasticity of demand for value added is country specific. Using global input-output data, we demonstrate these conceptual insights are quantitatively important and compute historical value-added REERs.

Download or read book Global Value Chains and the Exchange Rate Elasticity of Exports written by Swarnali Ahmed and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2015-11-30 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper analyzes how the formation of Global Value Chains (GVCs) has affected the exchange rate elasticity of exports. Using a panel framework covering 46 countries over the period 1996-2012, we first find some suggestive evidence that the elasticity of real manufacturing exports to the Real Effective Exchange Rate (REER) has decreased over time. We then examine whether the formation of supply chains has affected this elasticity using different measures of GVC integration. Intuitively, as countries are more integrated in global production processes, a currency depreciation only improves competitiveness of a fraction of the value of final good exports. In line with this intuition, we find evidence that GVC participation reduces the REER elasticity of manufacturing exports by 22 percent, on average.

Download or read book Calculating Trade in Value Added written by Aqib Aslam and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2017-08-07 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper sets out the key concepts necessary to calculate trade in value added using input-output tables. We explain the basic structure of an input-output table and the matrix algebra behind the computation of trade in value added statistics. Specifically, we compute measures of domestic value-added, foreign value added, and forward and backward linkages, as well as measures of both a country’s participation and position in global value chains. We work in detail with an example of a global input-output table for 3 countries each with 4 sectors, provided by the Eora Multi-Region Input-Output (MRIO) database. The aim is to provide an introduction to the analysis of global value chains for use in policy work. An accompanying suite of Matlab codes are provided that can be used with the full set of Eora MRIO tables.

Download or read book Uncovering Value Added In Trade New Approaches To Analyzing Global Value Chains written by Yuqing Xing and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2015-07-13 with total page 181 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Value chain trade has challenged economic implications of conventional trade statistics and transformed bilateral trade relationships into multilaterals. Conventional trade statistics exaggerate trade volumes and bilateral trade imbalances. It is imperative to measure trade in value-added and examine trade relations in the context of global value chains. This book is a collection of research papers on new approaches to measure trade in value added and the role of global value chains in modern international trade. It introduces the input output method for measuring trade and a direct approach for measuring the domestic value added of the People's Republic of China — the center of global assembly. In addition, it shows how to analyze trade relations in the context of global value chains.

Download or read book Global Economic Modeling A Volume In Honor Of Lawrence R Klein written by Peter Pauly and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2018-04-25 with total page 345 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Global econometric models have a long history. From the early 1970s to the present, as modeling techniques have advanced, different modeling paradigms have emerged and been used to support national and international policy making. One purpose of this volume — based on a conference in recognition of the seminal impact of Nobel Prize winner in Economic Sciences Lawrence R Klein, whose pioneering work has spawned the field of international econometric modeling — is to survey these developments from today's perspective.A second objective of the volume is to shed light on the wide range of attempts to broaden the scope of modeling on an international scale. Beyond new developments in traditional areas of the trade and financial flows, the volume reviews new approaches to the modeling of linkages between macroeconomic activity and individual economic units, new research on the analysis of trends in income distribution and economic wellbeing on a global scale, and innovative ideas about modeling the interactions between economic development and the environment.With the expansion of elaborated economic linkages, this volume makes an important contribution to the evolving literature of global econometric models.

Download or read book The Value Added Tax Orthodoxy and New Thinking written by Murray L. Weidenbaum and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: IF, WHEN YOU SAY "CONSUMPTION TAX , " YOU MEAN . . . by Ernest S. Christian, Jr. and Cliff Massa III Much has been said and written about consumption taxes in the United States, but mostly in a theoretical context. Dozens of schol arly treatises have been published, along with innumerable papers and speeches most of which were more argumentative than illumi nating in nature. Audiences have sat through uncounted confer ences on the merits or evils of consumption taxes, depending on the speakers' perspectives. There have been only three comprehensive legislative proposals to which these theories and arguments could be 1 applied, no one of which was acted upon in the Congress. Purveyors of conventional wisdom have suggested that this theo retical context might be replaced within a year or two by actual con sideration of a federal-level consumption tax. Some see enactment of such a tax as a desirable -- or at least a necessary -- means for reducing the federal deficit. The National Economic Commission, which was created by legislation in 1987 to recommend deficit reduction measures, was perceived by many skeptics and proponents alike to be the Trojan Horse which would carry a consumption tax Lrhe proposals were H. R. 7015, ''The Tax Restructuring Act of 1980," introduced by Rep. Al Ullman; S. 1102, ''The Business Transfer Tax Act of 1985," introduced by Senator William Roth; and H. R. 4598, introduced by Rep.

Download or read book International Business in a VUCA World written by Rob van Tulder and published by Emerald Group Publishing. This book was released on 2019-10-21 with total page 389 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dedicated to Professor Peter Buckley, OBE, this volume of Progress in International Business Research explores the new challenges for MNEs, SMEs (small and medium sized enterprises) and INVs (International New Ventures) emerging from this changing and increasingly unpredictable political, economic, social and technological VUCA world.

Download or read book Oswaal ISC 10 Sample Question Papers Class 12 Economics For Board Exams 2024 Based On The Latest CISCE ISC Specimen Paper written by and published by Oswaal Books. This book was released on 2023-10-14 with total page 145 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Description of the product • Fresh & Relevant with 2024 ICSE & ISC Specimen Paper- Fully Solved • Score Boosting Insights with 500+ Questions & 1000 Concepts • Insider Tips & Techniques with On-Tips Notes, Mind Maps & Mnemonics • Exam Ready Practice with 10 Highly Probable SQPs

Download or read book Trade Tensions Global Value Chains and Spillovers written by Raju Huidrom and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2019-06-12 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Europe is deeply integrated into global value chains and recent trade tensions raise the question of how European economies would be affected by the introduction of tariffs or other trade barriers. This paper estimates the impact of trade shocks and growth spillovers using value added measures to better gauge the associated costs across European countries.

Download or read book Oswaal ISC Question Bank Class 12 Economics Chapterwise Topicwise Solved Papers For 2025 Board Exams written by Oswaal Editorial Board and published by Oswaal Books. This book was released on 2024-03-15 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Description of the Product: • 100% Updated: with Latest 2025 Syllabus & Fully Solved Board Specimen Paper • Timed Revision: with Topic wise Revision Notes & Smart Mind Maps • Extensive Practice: with 1500+ Questions & Self Assessment Papers • Concept Clarity: with 1000+ Concepts & Concept Videos • 100% Exam Readiness: with Previous Years’ Exam Question + MCQs

Download or read book Welfare Effects of Value Added Tax Harmonization in Europe written by Hans Fehr and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book uses a computable general equilibrium framework to eval uate recent value-added tax reform proposals in the European Union from a welfare point of view. After the publication of the "White Paper" (1985) on the completion of the internal European market, an intense and heated debate about tax impediments to free trade set in. According to the original plans of the Commission of the European Union, not only physical border controls but also fiscal frontiers within the European Union would have been abolished on New Year's Day 1993. With respect to value added taxation this amounted to replacing the destination by the origin principle. Even though the origin principle had been favored by some economists from the establishment of a common European value-added tax system, time was not yet ripe for this change. In December 1991, the ECOFIN Council could only agree on the so called transitional system. In essence, these transitional arrangements maintain the destination principle as far as possible but shift the border tax procedure from national frontiers to firms. The transitional system is supposed to expire on December 31, 1996, with the final solution for value-added taxation in the European Union being decided upon by the ECOFIN Council until December, 1995. In the event of no decision the transitional arrangements will be continued. The most likely solution will be a switch to the origin principle combined with some clearing mechanism to prevent major revenue reallocations between member states.

Download or read book New Humanism And Global Governance written by Lijun Yang and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2018-07-26 with total page 387 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New Humanism and Global Governance is the first in this subject to study how a variety of factors related to globalization will shape the future of the human community. It discusses the major challenges to today's world order and governance, as well as international experience in responding to these challenges. It covers a wide range of issues including unequal distribution of wealth, the widening income inequality gap, contradiction between economic development and environmental protection, the middle-income trap, de-globalization, democratic crisis, anti-immigration sentiments, nationalism, and radical extremism. It addresses these issues by emphasizing policy implications for governance.The chapters are selected papers from two international conferences jointly held by the Institute of Public Policy(IPP) at the South China University of Technology and UNESCO. Contributors from China, Europe and the US present their questions, observations, and analyses in a narrative and descriptive style which appeal to a wide range of audience.

Download or read book Exchange Rates and Trade written by Mr.Daniel Leigh and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2017-03-15 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We examine the stability and strength of the relationship between exchange rates and trade over time using three alternative approaches, mitigating the endogeneity of the relation. We find that both exchange rate pass-through and the price elasticity of trade volumes are largely stable over time. Economic slack and financial conditions affect the relationship, but there is limited evidence that participation in global value chains has significantly changed the exchange rate–trade relationship over time.

Download or read book World Economic Outlook October 2015 written by International Monetary Fund. Research Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2015-10-06 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This issue discusses a number of factors affecting global growth, as well as growth prospects across the world’s main countries and regions. It assesses the ongoing recovery from the global financial crisis in advanced and emerging market economies and evaluates risks, both upside and downside, including those associated with commodity prices, currency fluctuations, and financial market volatility. A special feature examines in detail causes and implications of the recent commodity price downturn; analytical chapters look at the effects of commodity windfalls on potential output and of exchange rate movements on trade.

Download or read book The Effects of Real Exchange Rate Volatility on Sectoral Investment written by Bahar Erdal and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-05-18 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published in 1997. This study investigates what the effects of real exchange rate volatility are on sectorial investment in the fixed and flexible exchange rate systems. It lays out the results of research into the effects of the levels and volatility of real exchange rates on investment in the manufacturing sectors of the countries in the European Monetary System as well as of the countries in the flexible exchange rate system, with data from between 1973 and 1993. Examining the differences between the two systems in the results this book also looks at exchange rate effects on interest rates at the time.

Download or read book Are Non Euro Area EU Countries Importing Low Inflation from the Euro Area written by Mr.Plamen Iossifov and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2014-10-22 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The synchronized disinflation across Europe since end-2011 raises the question of whether non-euro area EU countries are affected by the undershooting of the euro area inflation target. To shed light on this issue, we estimate an open-economy, New Keynsian Phillips curve, in which we control for imported inflation. Regression results suggest that falling food and energy prices have been the main disinflationary driver. But low core inflation in the euro area has also had a clear and significant impact. Countries with more rigid exchange-rate regimes and higher share of foreign value added in domestic demand have been more affected. The scope for monetary response to low inflation in non-euro area EU countries depends on concerns about financial stability and unanchoring of inflationary expectations, as well as on exchange rate regime and capital flows dynamics.