Download or read book Delay Bounded Minimum Steiner Tree Algorithms for Performance driven Routing written by Jing Zhu and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Fast Algorithm for Performance oriented Steiner Routing written by Manjit Borah and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: "The delay between two points in a net depends on both the length of the path between the two points and the total length of the net. Timing driven routing requires minimizing the length of the path between the two points on a critical path while keeping the total length of the net small. Since timing driven routing is usually used with performance oriented layout generators which employ iterative refinement or simulated annealing techniques that requires a large number of calls to the routing algorithm for layout evaluation, a fast algorithm for routing is desirable. Existing timing driven routers are slow (O(n3), where n is the size of the pointset). We present a fast (O(ns2)), simple and practical algorithm for computing the performance oriented steiner tree which produces very good routes. Comparisons with other existig algorithms are presented. Results from a performance driven layout generator using the performance driven routing algorithm is presented."
Download or read book An Iterative Approach for Delay bounded Minimum Steiner Tree Construction written by Jing Zhu and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book On Optimal Interconnections for VLSI written by Andrew B. Kahng and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On Optimal Interconnections for VLSI describes, from a geometric perspective, algorithms for high-performance, high-density interconnections during the global and detailed routing phases of circuit layout. First, the book addresses area minimization, with a focus on near-optimal approximation algorithms for minimum-cost Steiner routing. In addition to practical implementations of recent methods, the implications of recent results on spanning tree degree bounds and the method of Zelikovsky are discussed. Second, the book addresses delay minimization, starting with a discussion of accurate, yet algorithmically tractable, delay models. Recent minimum-delay constructions are highlighted, including provably good cost-radius tradeoffs, critical-sink routing algorithms, Elmore delay-optimal routing, graph Steiner arborescences, non-tree routing, and wiresizing. Third, the book addresses skew minimization for clock routing and prescribed-delay routing formulations. The discussion starts with early matching-based constructions and goes on to treat zero-skew routing with provably minimum wirelength, as well as planar clock routing. Finally, the book concludes with a discussion of multiple (competing) objectives, i.e., how to optimize area, delay, skew, and other objectives simultaneously. These techniques are useful when the routing instance has heterogeneous resources or is highly congested, as in FPGA routing, multi-chip packaging, and very dense layouts. Throughout the book, the emphasis is on practical algorithms and a complete self-contained development. On Optimal Interconnections for VLSI will be of use to both circuit designers (CAD tool users) as well as researchers and developers in the area of performance-driven physical design.
Download or read book Advances in Steiner Trees written by Ding-Zhu Du and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Volume on Advances in Steiner Trees is divided into two sections. The first section of the book includes papers on the general geometric Steiner tree problem in the plane and higher dimensions. The second section of the book includes papers on the Steiner problem on graphs. The general geometric Steiner tree problem assumes that you have a given set of points in some d-dimensional space and you wish to connect the given points with the shortest network possible. The given set ofpoints are 3 Figure 1: Euclidean Steiner Problem in E usually referred to as terminals and the set ofpoints that may be added to reduce the overall length of the network are referred to as Steiner points. What makes the problem difficult is that we do not know a priori the location and cardinality ofthe number ofSteiner points. Thus)the problem on the Euclidean metric is not known to be in NP and has not been shown to be NP-Complete. It is thus a very difficult NP-Hard problem.
Download or read book Handbook of Algorithms for Physical Design Automation written by Charles J. Alpert and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2008-11-12 with total page 1044 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The physical design flow of any project depends upon the size of the design, the technology, the number of designers, the clock frequency, and the time to do the design. As technology advances and design-styles change, physical design flows are constantly reinvented as traditional phases are removed and new ones are added to accommodate changes in technology. Handbook of Algorithms for Physical Design Automation provides a detailed overview of VLSI physical design automation, emphasizing state-of-the-art techniques, trends and improvements that have emerged during the previous decade. After a brief introduction to the modern physical design problem, basic algorithmic techniques, and partitioning, the book discusses significant advances in floorplanning representations and describes recent formulations of the floorplanning problem. The text also addresses issues of placement, net layout and optimization, routing multiple signal nets, manufacturability, physical synthesis, special nets, and designing for specialized technologies. It includes a personal perspective from Ralph Otten as he looks back on the major technical milestones in the history of physical design automation. Although several books on this topic are currently available, most are either too broad or out of date. Alternatively, proceedings and journal articles are valuable resources for researchers in this area, but the material is widely dispersed in the literature. This handbook pulls together a broad variety of perspectives on the most challenging problems in the field, and focuses on emerging problems and research results.
Download or read book The Steiner Tree Problem written by F.K. Hwang and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1992-10-20 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Steiner problem asks for a shortest network which spans a given set of points. Minimum spanning networks have been well-studied when all connections are required to be between the given points. The novelty of the Steiner tree problem is that new auxiliary points can be introduced between the original points so that a spanning network of all the points will be shorter than otherwise possible. These new points are called Steiner points - locating them has proved problematic and research has diverged along many different avenues.This volume is devoted to the assimilation of the rich field of intriguing analyses and the consolidation of the fragments. A section has been given to each of the three major areas of interest which have emerged. The first concerns the Euclidean Steiner Problem, historically the original Steiner tree problem proposed by Jarník and Kössler in 1934. The second deals with the Steiner Problem in Networks, which was propounded independently by Hakimi and Levin and has enjoyed the most prolific research amongst the three areas. The Rectilinear Steiner Problem, introduced by Hanan in 1965, is discussed in the third part. Additionally, a forth section has been included, with chapters discussing areas where the body of results is still emerging.The collaboration of three authors with different styles and outlooks affords individual insights within a cohesive whole.
Download or read book Steiner Trees in Industry written by Xiuzhen Cheng and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-12-01 with total page 508 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a collection of articles studying various Steiner tree prob lems with applications in industries, such as the design of electronic cir cuits, computer networking, telecommunication, and perfect phylogeny. The Steiner tree problem was initiated in the Euclidean plane. Given a set of points in the Euclidean plane, the shortest network interconnect ing the points in the set is called the Steiner minimum tree. The Steiner minimum tree may contain some vertices which are not the given points. Those vertices are called Steiner points while the given points are called terminals. The shortest network for three terminals was first studied by Fermat (1601-1665). Fermat proposed the problem of finding a point to minimize the total distance from it to three terminals in the Euclidean plane. The direct generalization is to find a point to minimize the total distance from it to n terminals, which is still called the Fermat problem today. The Steiner minimum tree problem is an indirect generalization. Schreiber in 1986 found that this generalization (i.e., the Steiner mini mum tree) was first proposed by Gauss.
Download or read book Spanning Trees and Optimization Problems written by Bang Ye Wu and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2004-01-27 with total page 187 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The design of approximation algorithms for spanning tree problems has become an exciting and important area of theoretical computer science and also plays a significant role in emerging fields such as biological sequence alignments and evolutionary tree construction. While work in this field remains quite active, the time has come to collect under one cover spanning tree properties, classical results, and recent research developments. Spanning Trees and Optimization Problems offers the first complete treatment of spanning tree algorithms, from their role in classical computer science to their most modern applications. The authors first explain the general properties of spanning trees, then focus on three main categories: minimum spanning trees, shortest-paths trees, and minimum routing cost spanning trees. Along with the theoretical descriptions of the methods, numerous examples and applications illustrate the concepts in practice. The final chapter explores several other interesting spanning trees, including maximum leaf spanning trees, minimum diameter spanning trees, Steiner trees, and evolutionary trees. With logical organization, well chosen topics, and easy to understand pseudocode, the authors provide not only a full, rigorous treatment of theory and applications, but also an excellent handbook for spanning tree algorithms. This book will be a welcome addition to your reference shelf whether your interests lie in graph and approximation algorithms for theoretical work or you use graph techniques to solve practical problems
Download or read book Extending Greedy Multicast Routing to Delay Sensitive Applications written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Given a weighted undirected graph G(V, E) and a subset R of V, a Steiner tree is a subtree of G that contains each vertex in R. We present an online algorithm for finding a Steiner tree that simultaneously approximates the shortest path tree and the minimum weight Steiner tree, when the vertices in the set R are revealed in an online fashion. This problem arises naturally while trying to construct source-based multicast trees of low cost and good delay. The cost of the tree we construct is within an O(log R) factor of the optimal cost, and the path length from the root to any terminal is at most O(1) times the shortest path length. The algorithm needs to perform at most one reroute for each node in the tree. Our algorithm extends the results of Khuller et al. and Awerbuch et al., who looked at the offline problem. We conduct extensive simulations to compare the performance of our algorithm (in terms of cost and delay) with that of two popular multicast routing strategies: shortest path trees and the online greedy Steiner tree algorithm."--Abstract.
Download or read book Algorithms ESA 2003 written by Giuseppe Di Battista and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2003-09-15 with total page 810 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 11th Annual European Symposium on Algorithms, ESA 2003, held in Budapest, Hungary, in September 2003. The 66 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 165 submissions. The scope of the papers spans the entire range of algorithmics from design and mathematical analysis issues to real-world applications, engineering, and experimental analysis of algorithms.
Download or read book Optimal Interconnection Trees in the Plane written by Marcus Brazil and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-04-13 with total page 359 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores fundamental aspects of geometric network optimisation with applications to a variety of real world problems. It presents, for the first time in the literature, a cohesive mathematical framework within which the properties of such optimal interconnection networks can be understood across a wide range of metrics and cost functions. The book makes use of this mathematical theory to develop efficient algorithms for constructing such networks, with an emphasis on exact solutions. Marcus Brazil and Martin Zachariasen focus principally on the geometric structure of optimal interconnection networks, also known as Steiner trees, in the plane. They show readers how an understanding of this structure can lead to practical exact algorithms for constructing such trees. The book also details numerous breakthroughs in this area over the past 20 years, features clearly written proofs, and is supported by 135 colour and 15 black and white figures. It will help graduate students, working mathematicians, engineers and computer scientists to understand the principles required for designing interconnection networks in the plane that are as cost efficient as possible.
Download or read book Mathematical Aspects of Network Routing Optimization written by Carlos A.S. Oliveira and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-08-26 with total page 221 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Before the appearance of broadband links and wireless systems, networks have been used to connect people in new ways. Now, the modern world is connected through large-scale, computational networked systems such as the Internet. Because of the ever-advancing technology of networking, efficient algorithms have become increasingly necessary to solve some of the problems developing in this area. "Mathematical Aspects of Network Routing Optimization" focuses on computational issues arising from the process of optimizing network routes, such as quality of the resulting links and their reliability. Algorithms are a cornerstone for the understanding of the protocols underlying multicast routing. The main objective in the text is to derive efficient algorithms, with or without guarantee of approximation. Notes have been provided for basic topics such as graph theory and linear programming to assist those who are not fully acquainted with the mathematical topics presented throughout the book. "Mathematical Aspects of Network Routing Optimization" provides a thorough introduction to the subject of algorithms for network routing, and focuses especially on multicast and wireless ad hoc systems. This book is designed for graduate students, researchers, and professionals interested in understanding the algorithmic and mathematical ideas behind routing in computer networks. It is suitable for advanced undergraduate students, graduate students, and researchers in the area of network algorithms.
Download or read book Future Generation Information Technology written by Young Hoon Lee and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-11-24 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the reviewed proceedings of the first Conference on Future Generation Information Technology, FGIT 2009, held in Jeju Island, Korea, December 10-12, 2009. The 33 full papers presented together with two keynote papers were carefully selected from 1051 submissions. This book considers the best papers of the conference and issues such as data analysis, data processing, advanced computation models and security, software engineering, communication and networking.
Download or read book Quality of Service in Multiservice IP Networks written by Marco Ajmone Marsan and published by Springer. This book was released on 2003-06-26 with total page 437 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: IP is clearly emerging as the networking paradigm for the integration of the tr- ?c ?ows generated by a variety of new applications (IP telephony, multimedia multicasting, e-business, ...), whose performance requirements may be extremely di?erent. This situation has generated a great interest in the development of te- niques for the provision of quality of service (QoS) guarantees in IP networks. Two proposals have already emerged from the IETF groups IntServ and Di?- Serv, but research and experiments are continuing, in order to identify the most e?ective architectures and protocols. The Italian Ministry for University and Scienti?c Research has been funding a research program on these topics, named “Techniques for quality of service guarantees in multiservice telecommunication networks” or MQOS for short, in the years 1999 and 2000. At the end of its activity, the MQOS program has organized in Rome (Italy) in January 2001 the International Workshop on QoS in Multiserevice IP N- works (QoS-IP 2001), for the presentation of high-quality recent research results on QoS in IP networks, and the dissemination of the most relevant research results obtained within the MQOS program.
Download or read book Recent Advances in Simulated Evolution and Learning written by K. C. Tan and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2004 with total page 836 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers the latest advances in the theories, algorithms, and applications of simulated evolution and learning techniques. It provides insights into different evolutionary computation techniques and their applications in domains such as scheduling, control and power, robotics, signal processing, and bioinformatics. The book will be of significant value to all postgraduates, research scientists and practitioners dealing with evolutionary computation or complex real-world problems.
Download or read book Performance Evaluation and Applications of ATM Networks written by Demetres D. Kouvatsos and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-04-18 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Information Highways are widely considered as the next generation of high speed communication systems. These highways will be based on emerging Broadband Integrated Services Digital Networks (B-ISDN), which - at least in principle - are envisioned to support not only all the kinds of networking applications known today but also future applications which are not as yet understood fully or even anticipated. Thus, B-ISDNs release networking processes from the limitations which the communications medium has imposed historically. The operational generality stems from the versatility of Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) which is the transfer mode adopted by ITU-T for broadband public ISDN as well as wide area private ISDN. A transfer mode which provides the transmission, multiplexing and switching core that lies at the foundations of a communication network. ATM is designed to integrate existing and future voice, audio, image and data services. Moreover, ATM aims to minimise the complexity of switching and buffer management, to optimise intermediate node processing and buffering and to bound transmission delays. These design objectives are met at high transmission speeds by keeping the basic unit of ATM transmission - the ATM cell - short and of fixed length.
