Download or read book Deficit Irrigation for Wheat Cultivation Under Limited Water Supply Condition written by Hossain Ali and published by Universal-Publishers. This book was released on 2008-11 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vertical and horizontal expansion of irrigated agriculture to feed the increasing population has contributed to excessive groundwater withdrawal and affected the availability of water in terms of both quality and quantity. To sustain agricultural growth, strategic measures should be adopted to reduce water consumption while minimizing adverse effect on yield. The effect of deficit irrigation on wheat yield was studied in three consecutive years (2002-03 to 2004-05) in field and pot. Ten irrigation treatments were imposed in a randomized complete block (RCB) design covering full deficit, no deficit at all, single deficit at different stages, and alternate deficits. Water deficit was created by withholding irrigation at different growth stages. The results indicate that deficit irrigation strategies affected all aspects of plant growth (leaf area index, chlorophyll content, root growth, nutrient uptake, plant height) adversely. Yield attributes were affected by deficit irrigation treatments although they are not statistically significant in all cases. Differences in grain and straw yield among the partial- and no-deficit treatments were small, and statistically insignificant in most cases. When compared within single-deficit treatments, the grain yield reduction was in the order to water deficit at phases: CRI> maximum tillering > booting - heading >flowering- soft dough. The crop coefficient (kc) under different ET0 methods for early, crop development, middle, and late period ranged from 0.54 to 0.96, 0.95 to 1.36, 1.2 to 1.62, and 0.68 to 1.05, respectively. On average, yield response factor (ky) for early, maximum tillering, booting-heading, and flowering-soft dough stages was 0.27, 0.21, 0.25, and 0.17, respectively. The sensitivity index (?i, of Jensen model) for early, vegetative, booting-heading, and flowering-soft dough phases was 0.35, 0.22, 0.31, and 0.14, respectively. From the evaluation of yield, irrigation amount, irrigation water productivity, relative water savings, relative yield reduction, and maximum profit under limited water resource condition, it can be concluded that when limited quantities of water is available, preference should be given to irrigate first at CRI (if one irrigation is available), then at CRI and booting-heading (if two irrigations are available), and next at CRI, maximum tillering and booting-heading (if three irrigations are available) stages of growth.
Download or read book Deficit Irrigation Practices written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2002 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the context of improving water productivity, there is a growing interest in deficit irrigation, an irrigation practice whereby water supply is reduced below maximum levels and mild stress is allowed with minimal effects on yield. Under conditions of scarce water supply and drought, deficit irrigation can lead to greater economic gains than maximizing yields per unit of water for a given crop; farmers are more inclined to use water more efficiently, and more water-efficient cash crop selection helps optimize returns. However, this approach requires precise knowledge of crop response to water as drought tolerance varies considerably by species, cultivar and stage of growth. The studies present the latest research concepts and involve various practices for deficit irrigation. Both annual and perennial crops were exposed to different levels of water stress, either during a particular growth phase, throughout the whole growing season or in a combination of growth stages. The overall finding, based on the synthesis of the different contributions, is that deficit or regulated-deficit irrigation can be beneficial where appropriately applied. Substantial savings of water can be achieved with little impact on the quality and quantity of the harvested yield. However, to be successful, an intimate knowledge of crop behavior is required, as crop response to water stress varies considerably.
Download or read book Water Productivity in Agriculture written by J. W. Kijne and published by CABI. This book was released on 2003 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First title in a major new seriesAddresses improving water productivity to relieve problems of scarcity and competition to provide for food and environmental securityDraws from scientists having a multitude of disciplines to approach this important problemIn a large number of developing countries, policy makers and researchers are increasingly aware of the conflicting demands on water, and look at agriculture to be more effective in its use of water. Focusing on both irrigated and rain-fed agriculture, this book gives a state of the art review of the limits and opportunities for improving water productivity in crop production. It demonstrates how efficiency of water use can be enhanced to maximize yields. The book represents the first in a new series of volumes resulting from the Comprehensive Assessment of Water Management in Agriculture, a research program conducted by the CGIAR's Future Harvest Centres, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and partners worldwide. It will be of significant interest to those working in areas of soil and crop science, water management, irrigation, and development studies.
Download or read book Barley written by Steven E. Ullrich and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-01-25 with total page 672 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Barley is one of the world's most important crops with uses ranging from food and feed production, malting and brewing to its use as a model organism in molecular research. The demand and uses of barley continue to grow and there is a need for an up-to-date comprehensive reference that looks at all aspects of the barley crop from taxonomy and morphology through to end use. Barley will fill this increasing void. Barley will stand as a must have reference for anyone researching, growing, or utilizing this important crop.
Download or read book Crop Yield Response to Deficit Irrigation written by C. Kirda and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1999 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses general concept and management issues of deficient irrigation practices, covering a wide range of field crops including cotton, maize, soybean, wheat, sugarcane, and the like, based on five years of field research implemented in fourteen different countries, in Latin America, Africa, Europe and Asia. Additionally, guidelines are given for experimental methodology and data analysis for evaluating crop yield response to deficient irrigation. Experimental data, discussions and cited references will be an asset not only to field irrigation engineers but also to research scientists including soil and irrigation scientists and agronomists, for whom the book would be an invaluable reference source.
Download or read book Water Scarcity and Sustainable Agriculture in Semiarid Environment written by Ivan Francisco Garcia Tejero and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-01-03 with total page 582 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Water Scarcity and Sustainable Agriculture in Semiarid Environment: Tools, Strategies and Challenges for Woody Crops explores the complex relationship between water scarcity and climate change, agricultural water-use efficiency, crop-water stress management and modeling water scarcity in woody crops. Understanding these cause- and effect relationships and identifying the most appropriate responses are critical for sustainable crop production. The book focuses on Mediterranean environments to explain how to determine the most appropriate strategy and implement an effective plan; however, core concepts are translational to other regions. Informative for those working in agricultural water management, irrigation and drainage, crop physiology and sustainable agriculture. Focuses on semi-arid crops including olive, vine, citrus, almonds, peach, nectarine, plum, subtropical fruits and others Explores crop physiological responses to drought at plant, cellular and/or molecular levels Presents tool options for assessing crop-water status and irrigation scheduling
Download or read book Sustainability of Irrigated Agriculture written by L.S. Pereira and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 607 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Irrigated agriculture and the use of water resources in agriculture face the challenges of sustainable development. Research has advanced our knowledge of water use by crops, soil-water-solutes interactions, and the engineering and managerial tools needed to mobilize, convey, distribute, control and apply water for agricultural production. However, the achievements booked in user practice have revealed the need for new developments in the areas of resource conservation, control of environmental and health impacts, modernisation of technologies and management, economic viability and the social acceptance of changes. The contributions to Sustainability of Irrigated Agriculture cover most of the relevant disciplines. Besides its multidisciplinarity, the different origins, experience, backgrounds and practices of the authors provide a wide, in-depth analysis of the various aspects of water resource utilization in agriculture. The papers review scientific, technical and managerial aspects, highlighting the main problems, issues and future developments. The book covers the different aspects of sustainability, including environmental, technical, economic, institutional and social ones. Advances in irrigation science and engineering are dealt with, both on- and off-farm. Special attention is paid to the different components of water quality management, to the transfer of technology, and to capacity building.
Download or read book Water Management in Irrigated Rice written by B. A. M. Bouman and published by Int. Rice Res. Inst.. This book was released on 2007 with total page 59 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Limitations to Efficient Water Use in Crop Production written by Howard M. Taylor and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 568 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Deficit Irrigation Practices written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Organization of the UN (FAO). This book was released on 2002 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the context of improving water productivity, there is a growing interest in deficit irrigation, an irrigation practice whereby water supply is reduced below maximum levels and mild stress is allowed with minimal effects on yield. Under conditions of scarce water supply and drought, deficit irrigation can lead to greater economic gains than maximizing yields per unit of water for a given crop; farmers are more inclined to use water more efficiently, and more water-efficient cash crop selection helps optimize returns. However, this approach requires precise knowledge of crop response to water as drought tolerance varies considerably by species, cultivar and stage of growth. The studies present the latest research concepts and involve various practices for deficit irrigation. Both annual and perennial crops were exposed to different levels of water stress, either during a particular growth phase, throughout the whole growing season or in a combination of growth stages. The overall finding, based on the synthesis of the different contributions, is that deficit or regulated-deficit irrigation can be beneficial where appropriately applied. Substantial savings of water can be achieved with little impact on the quality and quantity of the harvested yield. However, to be successful, an intimate knowledge of crop behavior is required, as crop response to water stress varies considerably.
Download or read book Water Conservation Reuse and Recycling written by Academy of Sciences of the Islamic Republic of Iran and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2005-03-01 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In December 2002, a group of specialists on water resources from the United States and Iran met in Tunis, Tunisia, for an interacademy workshop on water resources management, conservation, and recycling. This was the fourth interacademy workshop on a variety of topics held in 2002, the first year of such workshops. Tunis was selected as the location for the workshop because the Tunisian experience in addressing water conservation issues was of interest to the participants from both the United States and Iran. This report includes the agenda for the workshop, all of the papers that were presented, and the list of site visits.
Download or read book Effects of Different Water and Nitrogen Regimens on Yield of Winter Wheat Produced in Nebraska written by Joseph Emory Davis and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wheat is the 3rd most prominent crop in the USA and approximately 50% is exported annually. Nebraska wheat production is 11th in the country, and it plays a major role in the state's agricultural economy, especially in western NE. Generally, wheat is grown under dryland conditions and the region grows much more wheat on unirrigated land than it does on irrigated. However, deficit irrigation has shown great value in producing high yielding wheat with much less water than needed for other crops. Finding new ways to leverage irrigation in wheat production may help address the need to produce food with fewer inputs. The objective of this project was to evaluate the effect of nitrogen, irrigation, and cultivar on grain yield and quality. A randomized complete block with split-split plots was used as the design for this experiment. Six cultivars were (Anton, Armour, Overland, Settler-CL, Snowmass, Wesley), five nitrogen treatments (0, 30, 60, 90, 120 lbs of N per acre) and three irrigation treatments (0, 6, 12 inches) were used. Plots were harvested when mature using small plot combines equipped with onboard weighing systems. Differences between years had a dramatic effect on yield across all treatments and all locations. However, when correcting for rainfall, location didn't have a substantial impact on yield. Irrigation events only occurred at the Scottsbluff location. Irrigation had a significant effect when compared to dryland production, but the effect of 6 and 12-inch irrigation treatments was subtler and at times not significant. Nitrogen had little effect on yield or predicted grain protein. Variety had a significant effect on both yield and predicted grain protein, and this trend was consistent across years and locations. Test weight (TWT) was not responsive to nitrogen or irrigation, but varietal differences were significant and some trends remained constant from year to year. However, TWT trends did not align between locations in either year. Gluten response was very similar to protein, but the response was much less dramatic.
Download or read book Guidelines for Predicting Crop Water Requirements written by J. Doorenbos and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Calculation of crop evapotranspiration; Selection of crop coeficient; Calculation of field irrigation requirements.
Download or read book Drought and Water Crises written by Donald A. Wilhite and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2005-03-22 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Today the world is facing a greater water crisis than ever. Droughts of lesser magnitude are resulting in greater impact. Even in years with normal precipitation, water shortages have become widespread in both developing and developed nations, in humid as well as arid climates. When faced with severe drought, governments become eager to act. Unfort
Download or read book Root Zone Water Quality Model written by Lajpat Ahuja and published by Water Resources Publication. This book was released on 2000 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication comes with computer software and presents a comprehensive simulation model designed to predict the hydrologic response, including potential for surface and groundwater contamination, of alternative crop-management systems. It simulates crop development and the movement of water, nutrients and pesticides over and through the root zone for a representative unit area of an agricultural field over multiple years. The model allows simulation of a wide spectrum of management practices and scenarios with special features such as the rapid transport of surface-applied chemicals through macropores to deeper depths and the preferential transport of chemicals within the soil matrix via mobile-immobile zones. The transfer of surface-applied chemicals (pesticides in particular) to runoff water is also an important component.
Download or read book Water resources and irrigation development in Ethiopia written by Seleshi Bekele Awulachew and published by IWMI. This book was released on 2007 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Irrigation programs / Water use / Reservoirs / Lakes / River basins / Water potential / Water resources
Download or read book Instant Insights Improving Water Management in Crop Cultivation written by Dr Amir Haghverdi and published by Burleigh Dodds Science: Instant Insights. This book was released on 2021-12-21 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This specially curated collection features five reviews of current and key research on improving water management in crop cultivation. The first chapter focuses on site-specific variable rate irrigation systems utilised across agriculture and examines site-specific data acquisition and mining approaches, such as soil mapping and zone delineation. The second chapter considers the main deficit irrigation strategies used in agriculture to improve crop water productivity. It also explores the status of site-specific irrigation management and its role in minimizing agricultural water use. The third chapter reviews progress in winter wheat water management and water-use efficiency (WUE), drawing on long-term field experiments in the U.S. southern Great Plains. It discusses the key relationships between yield, evapotranspiration, WUE and best management practices. The fourth chapter considers the key techniques for improving rice water productivity through enhanced irrigation practices aiming to reduce irrigation water use in rice cultivation, such as the Alternate Wetting and Drying technique. The final chapter examines the main irrigation methods used in dryland sorghum production. It also reviews the relationship between soil properties and irrigation management. What is an Instant Insight? An Instant Insight gives you immediate access to key research on a topic, allowing you to get right to the heart of a subject in an instant and empowering you to contribute to sustainable agriculture.
