Download or read book Defending French in Flanders 1873 1974 written by David J. Hensley and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2024-01-29 with total page 371 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the efforts of the French-speaking minority in Flanders, Belgium, to maintain a legal and social presence of the French language in Flemish public life. Chronologically, the study is bookended by two developments, almost exactly a century apart. In 1873, the first laws were passed which required the use of Dutch in some aspects of public administration in Flanders, challenging the de facto use of French among the Flemish ruling class. One hundred and one years later, the last French daily newspaper in Flanders collapsed, marking the end of a once-vibrant French-language public sphere in Flanders. The author contends that the methods and arguments by which French speakers defended the role of French in Flemish public life changed along with the social and political situation of this minority. As the Flemish movement grew over the course of the twentieth century, French speakers’ appeals to the “free choice” of language lost traction, and they put forward claims that they represented an ethnolinguistic minority who deserved protection for their mother tongue. Providing new insights for scholars of European history, and in conversation with the literature on liberalism, national identity, and Francophonie, this book demonstrates how the debate over the role of French in Flanders was at the center of Belgium’s ethnolinguistic conflict – the repercussions of which continue to be felt to this day.
Download or read book Defending French in Flanders 1880 1975 written by David Hensley and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation examines the ultimately unsuccessful efforts of French-speaking populations in Flanders -- who had long constituted an elite group within Flemish society -- to maintain a place for French in the Flemish public realm, namely administration, the judiciary, and education. It spans the period from the late nineteenth century and the first concerted legislative efforts to (re)introduce Dutch into the overwhelmingly Francophone administrative and educational institutions of Flanders, to the 1970s, when a combination of legislative measures and socioeconomic pressures erased the last vestiges of French in Flemish public life. By examining the periodical press, debates in scholarly publications, political pamphlets and posters, parliamentary speeches, and private correspondence produced by these Francophones, I question how and why their arguments in favor of a legal presence for French in Flanders changed over time. At first, many Francophones appealed to the universality and utility of French language and culture, and argued that individuals should enjoy "free choice of language" in the public realm. Such arguments reflected the dominant status of French in the Western world as well as the prevailing anti-statist sentiments among the Francophone elite of Flanders. During the period between the world wars, and again during the 1960s, however, some Francophones who wanted French-language rights in public services constructed an identity as a minority and made claims in terms of minority rights. This rhetorical shift came about for several reasons. The growth of a mass-based Flemish Movement made elitist and classically liberal appeals to the "free choice of language" politically untenable. During the interwar period, "minority rhetoric" had become common across Europe among previously-elite groups like the German-speakers of Poland and Czechoslovakia; it is likely that the Francophones hoped that their use of such would make their claims more legitimate in the eyes of both the Belgian state and the international community. Finally, the decline of French as an international language, especially after World War II, made the Francophones less likely to appeal to its "universality" when arguing in favor of a place for the French language in Flemish public life.
Download or read book In Nelson s Wake written by James Davey and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 2016-03-17 with total page 457 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Battles, blockades, convoys, raids: An “impressive” account of how the indefatigable British Royal Navy ensured Napoleon’s ultimate defeat (International Journal of Military History). Horatio Nelson’s celebrated victory over the French at the Battle of Trafalgar in 1805 presented Britain with an unprecedented command of the seas. Yet the Royal Navy’s role in the struggle against Napoleonic France was far from over. This groundbreaking book asserts that, contrary to the accepted notion that the Battle of Trafalgar essentially completed the Navy’s task, the war at sea actually intensified over the next decade, ceasing only with Napoleon’s final surrender. In this dramatic account of naval contributions between 1803 and 1815, James Davey offers original and exciting insights into the Napoleonic wars and Britain’s maritime history. Encompassing Trafalgar, the Peninsular War, the War of 1812, the final campaign against Napoleon, and many lesser known but likewise crucial moments, the book sheds light on the experiences of individuals high and low, from admiral and captain to sailor and cabin boy. The cast of characters also includes others from across Britain—dockyard workers, politicians, civilians—who made fundamental contributions to the war effort, and in so doing, both saved the nation and shaped Britain’s history.
Download or read book Language Conflict and Language Rights written by William D. Davies and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-08-09 with total page 451 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the colonial hegemony of empire fades around the world, the role of language in ethnic conflict has become increasingly topical, as have issues concerning the right of speakers to choose and use their preferred language(s). Such rights are often asserted and defended in response to their being violated. The importance of understanding these events and issues, and their relationship to individual, ethnic, and national identity, is central to research and debate in a range of fields outside of, as well as within, linguistics. This book provides a clearly written introduction for linguists and non-specialists alike, presenting basic facts about the role of language in the formation of identity and the preservation of culture. It articulates and explores categories of conflict and language rights abuses through detailed presentation of illustrative case studies, and distills from these key cross-linguistic and cross-cultural generalizations.
Download or read book American Doctoral Dissertations written by and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 624 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Vauban and the French Military Under Louis XIV written by Jean-Denis G.G. Lepage and published by McFarland. This book was released on 2009-12-21 with total page 301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A man of inventiveness, versatility and reformist ideas, Marshal Sebastien Le Preste de Vauban built a formidable ring of fortresses to protect France's national frontiers. More than just a fortification designer, Vauban was also a gifted economist, author, and political strategist. This book tells the complete story of Vauban's exceptional career, placing him within the framework of Louis XIV's reign and revealing his lasting influences in France and other nations. With the aid of numerous detailed drawings, 17th century bastioned fortification, artillery, and seige warfare are described in detail. Vauban's fortifications that are still standing today are particularly highlighted.
Download or read book The Archaeology of Capitalism in Colonial Contexts written by Sarah K. Croucher and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-08-10 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Archaeology of Capitalism in Colonial Contexts: Postcolonial Historical Archaeologies explores the complex interplay of colonial and capital formations throughout the modern world. The authors present a critical approach to this topic, trying to shift discourses in the theoretical framework of historical archaeology of capitalism and colonialism through the use of postcolonial theory. This work does not suggest a new theoretical framework as such, but rather suggests the importance of revising key theoretical terms employed within historical archaeology, arguing for new engagements with postcolonial theory of relevance to all historical archaeologists as the field de-centers from its traditional locations. Examining case studies from North America, South America, the Caribbean, Africa, Australia, the Middle East, and Europe, the chapters offer an unusually broad ranging geography of historical archaeology, with each focused on the interplay between the particularisms of colonial structures and the development of capitalism and wider theoretical discussions. Every author also draws attention to the ramifications of their case studies in the contemporary world. With its cohesive theoretical framework this volume is a key resource for those interested in decolonizing historical archaeology in theory and praxis, and for those interested in the development of modern global dynamics.
Download or read book South African Military Yearbook written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Western Europe 2000 written by and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2000 with total page 696 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: More than 40 acknowledged experts provide insight into all countries of the region and offer scholarly examinations of the area's political, economic and social background. Separate chapters for every country provide details of geography, recent history and the economy.
Download or read book Fighting Terror after Napoleon written by Beatrice de Graaf and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-10 with total page 519 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Europe was forged out of the ashes of the Napoleonic wars by means of a collective fight against revolutionary terror. The Allied Council created a culture of in- and exclusion, of people that were persecuted and those who were protected, using secret police, black lists, border controls and fortifications, and financed by European capital holders.
Download or read book Reading Wanting and Broken Economics written by Simon R. Frost and published by State University of New York Press. This book was released on 2021-05-01 with total page 445 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Combining historical study, theorization, and experimental fiction, this book takes commodity culture and book retail around 1900 as the prime example of a market of symbolic goods. With the port of Southampton, England, as his case study, Simon R. Frost reveals how the city's bookshops, with their combinations of libraries, haberdashery, stationery, and books, sustained and were sustained by the dreams of ordinary readers, and how together they created the values powering this market. The goods in this market were symbolic and were not "consumed" but read. Their readings were created between other readers and texts, in happy disobedience to the neoliberal laws of the free market. Today such reader-created social markets comprise much of the world's branded economies, which is why Frost calls for a new understanding of both literary and market values.
Download or read book Narratives of Low Countries History and Culture written by Jane Fenoulhet and published by UCL Press. This book was released on 2016-11-07 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited collection explores the ways in which our understanding of the past in Dutch history and culture can be rethought to consider not only how it forms part of the present but how it can relate also to the future. Divided into three parts – The Uses of Myth and History, The Past as Illumination of Cultural Context, and Historiography in Focus – this book seeks to demonstrate the importance of the past by investigating the transmission of culture and its transformations. It reflects on the history of historiography and looks critically at the products of the historiographic process, such as Dutch and Afrikaans literary history. The chapters cover a range of disciplines and approaches: some authors offer a broad view of a particular period, such as Jonathan Israel's contribution on myth and history in the ideological politics of the Dutch Golden Age, while others zoom in on specific genres, texts or historical moments, such as Benjamin Schmidt’s study of the doolhof, a word that today means ‘labyrinth’ but once described a 17th-century educational amusement park. This volume, enlightening and home to multiple paths of enquiry leading in different directions, is an excellent example of what a past-present doolhof might look like.
Download or read book The World Almanac and Book of Facts 1993 written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 708 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Hart s Annual Army List Militia List and Imperial Yeomanry List written by and published by . This book was released on 1902 with total page 1152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Neutrality as a Policy Choice for Small Weak Democracies written by Michael F. Palo and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2019-07-08 with total page 598 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, Michael F. Palo explains how a historical and theoretical examination of Belgian neutrality, 1839-1940, can help readers understand the behaviour of small/weak democracies in the international system.
Download or read book Debrett s Peerage and Baronetage written by Patrick W. Montague-Smith and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 3138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Strategy For Defeat The Luftwaffe 1933 1945 Illustrated Edition written by Williamson Murray and published by Pickle Partners Publishing. This book was released on 2015-11-06 with total page 883 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Includes the Aerial Warfare In Europe During World War II illustrations pack with over 200 maps, plans, and photos. This book is a comprehensive analysis of an air force, the Luftwaffe, in World War II. It follows the Germans from their prewar preparations to their final defeat. There are many disturbing parallels with our current situation. I urge every student of military science to read it carefully. The lessons of the nature of warfare and the application of airpower can provide the guidance to develop our fighting forces and employment concepts to meet the significant challenges we are certain to face in the future.
