Download or read book Deep Learning to Estimate Lung Disease Mortality from Chest Radiographs written by Jakob Weiss and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: Prevention and management of chronic lung diseases (asthma, lung cancer, etc.) are of great importance. While tests are available for reliable diagnosis, accurate identification of those who will develop severe morbidity/mortality is currently limited. Here, we developed a deep learning model, CXR Lung-Risk, to predict the risk of lung disease mortality from a chest x-ray. The model was trained using 147,497 x-ray images of 40,643 individuals and tested in three independent cohorts comprising 15,976 individuals. We found that CXR Lung-Risk showed a graded association with lung disease mortality after adjustment for risk factors, including age, smoking, and radiologic findings (Hazard ratios up to 11.86 [8.64-16.27]; p
Download or read book Characterizing Pulmonary Nodules Using Machine and Deep Learning Methods to Improve Lung Cancer Diagnosis written by Shiwen Shen and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Low-dose computed tomography (CT) screening has been widely used to detect and diagnose early stage lung cancer. Clinical trials have shown that low-dose CT reduced lung cancer mortality by 20% relative to plain chest radiography; however, challenges exist in current low-dose CT screening programs including high over-diagnosis rates, high cost and increased radiation exposure. This dissertation attempts to overcome these challenges by developing machine and deep learning models for automated lung cancer diagnosis and disease progression estimation. A novel lung segmentation approach was first developed using a bidirectional chain code method and machine learning framework. This method is designed to include the lung nodules attached to lung wall while minimizing over-segmentation error. Second, a hybrid ensemble convolutional neural network has been developed to classify lung nodule vs. non-nodule objects. The ensemble model combines the VGG, residual and densely connected module designs to improve the model classification robustness for external datasets collected with different acquisition parameters. Third, a hierarchical semantic convolutional neural network (HSCNN) has been described to classify lung nodule malignancy. Semantic characteristic features, predicted in parallel with the malignancy for each nodule, enable the interpretation of the model and improvement of malignancy prediction. Finally, a Bayesian framework combined with a continuous-time Markov model was developed to estimate the multi-state disease progression of lung cancer. The resulting model estimates individual lung cancer state transition information, providing the basis for personalized screening recommendations. Extensive experiments and results have proved the effectiveness of these methods paving the way to optimize and improve the effectiveness of existing low-dose CT screening programs.
Download or read book Deep Learning in Medical Image Analysis written by Gobert Lee and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-02-06 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents cutting-edge research and applications of deep learning in a broad range of medical imaging scenarios, such as computer-aided diagnosis, image segmentation, tissue recognition and classification, and other areas of medical and healthcare problems. Each of its chapters covers a topic in depth, ranging from medical image synthesis and techniques for muskuloskeletal analysis to diagnostic tools for breast lesions on digital mammograms and glaucoma on retinal fundus images. It also provides an overview of deep learning in medical image analysis and highlights issues and challenges encountered by researchers and clinicians, surveying and discussing practical approaches in general and in the context of specific problems. Academics, clinical and industry researchers, as well as young researchers and graduate students in medical imaging, computer-aided-diagnosis, biomedical engineering and computer vision will find this book a great reference and very useful learning resource.
Download or read book Advances in Computer Science for Engineering and Education written by Zhengbing Hu and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-04-27 with total page 548 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains high-quality refereed research papers presented at the Fifth International Conference on Computer Science, Engineering, and Education Applications (ICCSEEA2022), which took place in Kyiv, Ukraine, on February 21–22, 2022, and was organized by the National Technical University of Ukraine "Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute," National Aviation University, and the International Research Association of Modern Education and Computer Science. State-of-the-art studies in computer science, artificial intelligence, engineering methodologies, genetic coding systems, deep learning with medical applications, and knowledge representation with educational applications are among the topics covered in the book. For academics, graduate students, engineers, management practitioners, and undergraduate students interested in computer science and its applications in engineering and education, this book is a valuable resource.
Download or read book How Tobacco Smoke Causes Disease written by United States. Public Health Service. Office of the Surgeon General and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 728 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report considers the biological and behavioral mechanisms that may underlie the pathogenicity of tobacco smoke. Many Surgeon General's reports have considered research findings on mechanisms in assessing the biological plausibility of associations observed in epidemiologic studies. Mechanisms of disease are important because they may provide plausibility, which is one of the guideline criteria for assessing evidence on causation. This report specifically reviews the evidence on the potential mechanisms by which smoking causes diseases and considers whether a mechanism is likely to be operative in the production of human disease by tobacco smoke. This evidence is relevant to understanding how smoking causes disease, to identifying those who may be particularly susceptible, and to assessing the potential risks of tobacco products.
Download or read book Thoracic Ultrasound written by Christian B. Laursen and published by European Respiratory Society. This book was released on 2018-03-01 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Artificial Intelligence in Medical Imaging written by Erik R. Ranschaert and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-01-29 with total page 373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a thorough overview of the ongoing evolution in the application of artificial intelligence (AI) within healthcare and radiology, enabling readers to gain a deeper insight into the technological background of AI and the impacts of new and emerging technologies on medical imaging. After an introduction on game changers in radiology, such as deep learning technology, the technological evolution of AI in computing science and medical image computing is described, with explanation of basic principles and the types and subtypes of AI. Subsequent sections address the use of imaging biomarkers, the development and validation of AI applications, and various aspects and issues relating to the growing role of big data in radiology. Diverse real-life clinical applications of AI are then outlined for different body parts, demonstrating their ability to add value to daily radiology practices. The concluding section focuses on the impact of AI on radiology and the implications for radiologists, for example with respect to training. Written by radiologists and IT professionals, the book will be of high value for radiologists, medical/clinical physicists, IT specialists, and imaging informatics professionals.
Download or read book Acute Pulmonary Embolism written by A. Geibel and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The value of echocardiography in the diagnostic work-up of patients with suspected acute pulmonary embolism.- New developments in the thrombolytic therapy of venous thrombosis.- Mechanism of blood coagulation. Newer aspects of anticoagulant and antithrombotic therapy.MR-angiography in the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism.Scintigraphy-ventilation/perfusion scanning and imaging of the embolus.- Clinical course and prognosis of acute pulmonary embolism.- The molecular mechanisms of inherited thombophilia.
Download or read book Disease Control Priorities Third Edition Volume 6 written by King K. Holmes and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2017-11-06 with total page 1027 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Infectious diseases are the leading cause of death globally, particularly among children and young adults. The spread of new pathogens and the threat of antimicrobial resistance pose particular challenges in combating these diseases. Major Infectious Diseases identifies feasible, cost-effective packages of interventions and strategies across delivery platforms to prevent and treat HIV/AIDS, other sexually transmitted infections, tuberculosis, malaria, adult febrile illness, viral hepatitis, and neglected tropical diseases. The volume emphasizes the need to effectively address emerging antimicrobial resistance, strengthen health systems, and increase access to care. The attainable goals are to reduce incidence, develop innovative approaches, and optimize existing tools in resource-constrained settings.
Download or read book Biomedical Texture Analysis written by Adrien Depeursinge and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2017-08-25 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biomedical Texture Analysis: Fundamentals, Applications, Tools and Challenges describes the fundamentals and applications of biomedical texture analysis (BTA) for precision medicine. It defines what biomedical textures (BTs) are and why they require specific image analysis design approaches when compared to more classical computer vision applications. The fundamental properties of BTs are given to highlight key aspects of texture operator design, providing a foundation for biomedical engineers to build the next generation of biomedical texture operators. Examples of novel texture operators are described and their ability to characterize BTs are demonstrated in a variety of applications in radiology and digital histopathology. Recent open-source software frameworks which enable the extraction, exploration and analysis of 2D and 3D texture-based imaging biomarkers are also presented. This book provides a thorough background on texture analysis for graduate students and biomedical engineers from both industry and academia who have basic image processing knowledge. Medical doctors and biologists with no background in image processing will also find available methods and software tools for analyzing textures in medical images. Defines biomedical texture precisely and describe how it is different from general texture information considered in computer vision Defines the general problem to translate 2D and 3D texture patterns from biomedical images to visually and biologically relevant measurements Describes, using intuitive concepts, how the most popular biomedical texture analysis approaches (e.g., gray-level matrices, fractals, wavelets, deep convolutional neural networks) work, what they have in common, and how they are different Identifies the strengths, weaknesses, and current challenges of existing methods including both handcrafted and learned representations, as well as deep learning. The goal is to establish foundations for building the next generation of biomedical texture operators Showcases applications where biomedical texture analysis has succeeded and failed Provides details on existing, freely available texture analysis software, helping experts in medicine or biology develop and test precise research hypothesis
Download or read book Diagnostic Imaging for the Emergency Physician E Book written by Joshua Broder and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2011-06-04 with total page 688 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diagnostic Imaging for the Emergency Physician, written and edited by a practicing emergency physician for emergency physicians, takes a step-by-step approach to the selection and interpretation of commonly ordered diagnostic imaging tests. Dr. Joshua Broder presents validated clinical decision rules, describes time-efficient approaches for the emergency physician to identify critical radiographic findings that impact clinical management and discusses hot topics such as radiation risks, oral and IV contrast in abdominal CT, MRI versus CT for occult hip injury, and more. Diagnostic Imaging for the Emergency Physician has been awarded a 2011 PROSE Award for Excellence for the best new publication in Clinical Medicine. Consult this title on your favorite e-reader, conduct rapid searches, and adjust font sizes for optimal readability. Choose the best test for each indication through clear explanations of the "how" and "why" behind emergency imaging. Interpret head, spine, chest, and abdominal CT images using a detailed and efficient approach to time-sensitive emergency findings. Stay on top of current developments in the field, including evidence-based analysis of tough controversies - such as indications for oral and IV contrast in abdominal CT and MRI versus CT for occult hip injury; high-risk pathology that can be missed by routine diagnostic imaging - including subarachnoid hemorrhage, bowel injury, mesenteric ischemia, and scaphoid fractures; radiation risks of diagnostic imaging - with practical summaries balancing the need for emergency diagnosis against long-terms risks; and more. Optimize diagnosis through evidence-based guidelines that assist you in discussions with radiologists, coverage of the limits of "negative" or "normal" imaging studies for safe discharge, indications for contrast, and validated clinical decision rules that allow reduced use of diagnostic imaging. Clearly recognize findings and anatomy on radiographs for all major diagnostic modalities used in emergency medicine from more than 1000 images. Find information quickly and easily with streamlined content specific to emergency medicine written and edited by an emergency physician and organized by body system.
Download or read book Diseases of the Chest Breast Heart and Vessels 2019 2022 written by Juerg Hodler and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-02-19 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book focuses on diagnostic and interventional imaging of the chest, breast, heart, and vessels. It consists of a remarkable collection of contributions authored by internationally respected experts, featuring the most recent diagnostic developments and technological advances with a highly didactical approach. The chapters are disease-oriented and cover all the relevant imaging modalities, including standard radiography, CT, nuclear medicine with PET, ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging, as well as imaging-guided interventions. As such, it presents a comprehensive review of current knowledge on imaging of the heart and chest, as well as thoracic interventions and a selection of "hot topics". The book is intended for radiologists, however, it is also of interest to clinicians in oncology, cardiology, and pulmonology.
Download or read book Cardiovascular Computed Tomography written by James Stirrup and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2020-01-02 with total page 577 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent years have seen a marked increase in cardiovascular computed tomography (CT) imaging, with the technique now integrated into many imaging guidelines, such as those published by ESC and NICE. Rapid clinical and technological progress has created a need for guidance on the practical aspects of CT image acquisition, analysis and interpretation. The Oxford Specialist Handbook of Cardiovascular CT, now revised for the second edition by practising international experts with many years of hands-on experience, is designed to fulfil this need. The Handbook is a practical guide on performing, analysing and interpreting cardiovascular CT scans, covering all aspects from patient safety to optimal image acquisition to differential diagnoses of tricky images. It takes an international approach to both accreditation and certification, highlighting British, European, and American examinations and courses. The format is designed to be accessible and is laid out in easy to navigate sections. It is meant as a quick-reference guide, to live near the CT scanner, workstation, or on the office shelf. The Handbook is aimed at all cardiovascular CT users (Cardiologists, Radiologists and Radiographers), particularly those new to cardiovascular CT, although even the advanced user should find useful tips and tricks within.
Download or read book Combat Radiology written by Les R. Folio and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-08-03 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Combat Radiology provides unique insights into a military radiologist’s role in the modern battlefield environment. Drawing on his recent experiences in Iraq, Col. Les Folio, a retired air force radiologist and flight surgeon with over twenty years of service, presents a comprehensive introduction to diagnostic imaging technology for the deployed military physician. Topics in the book include descriptions of imaging capabilities of hospitals in deployed military bases in combat zones; practical imaging techniques and terminology associated with penetrating/perforating blast and ballistic injuries; recent medical advances on the battlefield; and the changing role of imaging modalities in combat situations. Additionally, specific anatomic and pathologic imaging cases from combat situations are presented, including traumatic brain injury, chest, abdomen/pelvis, and skeletal trauma. Combat Radiology will appeal not only to military radiologists and surgeons, but also to civilian emergency radiologists and trauma physicians who encounter patients with ballistic and blast injuries resulting from armed conflict, terrorism, and disaster situations.
Download or read book Artificial Intelligence for Coronavirus Outbreak written by Simon James Fong and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-06-22 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines how the wonders of AI have contributed to the battle against COVID-19. Just as history repeats itself, so do epidemics and pandemics. In the face of the novel coronavirus disease, COVID-19, the book explores whether, in this digital era where artificial intelligence is successfully applied in all areas of industry, we are doing any better than our ancestors did in dealing with pandemics. One of the most contagious diseases ever known, COVID-19 is spreading like wildfire around and has cost thousands of human lives. The book discusses how AI can help fight this deadly virus, from early warnings, prompt emergency responses, and critical decision-making to surveillance drones. Serving as a technical reference resource, data analytic tutorial and a chronicle of the application of AI in epidemics, this book will appeal to academics, students, data scientists, medical practitioners, and anybody who is concerned about this global epidemic.
Download or read book Improving Diagnosis in Health Care written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2015-12-29 with total page 473 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Getting the right diagnosis is a key aspect of health care - it provides an explanation of a patient's health problem and informs subsequent health care decisions. The diagnostic process is a complex, collaborative activity that involves clinical reasoning and information gathering to determine a patient's health problem. According to Improving Diagnosis in Health Care, diagnostic errors-inaccurate or delayed diagnoses-persist throughout all settings of care and continue to harm an unacceptable number of patients. It is likely that most people will experience at least one diagnostic error in their lifetime, sometimes with devastating consequences. Diagnostic errors may cause harm to patients by preventing or delaying appropriate treatment, providing unnecessary or harmful treatment, or resulting in psychological or financial repercussions. The committee concluded that improving the diagnostic process is not only possible, but also represents a moral, professional, and public health imperative. Improving Diagnosis in Health Care, a continuation of the landmark Institute of Medicine reports To Err Is Human (2000) and Crossing the Quality Chasm (2001), finds that diagnosis-and, in particular, the occurrence of diagnostic errorsâ€"has been largely unappreciated in efforts to improve the quality and safety of health care. Without a dedicated focus on improving diagnosis, diagnostic errors will likely worsen as the delivery of health care and the diagnostic process continue to increase in complexity. Just as the diagnostic process is a collaborative activity, improving diagnosis will require collaboration and a widespread commitment to change among health care professionals, health care organizations, patients and their families, researchers, and policy makers. The recommendations of Improving Diagnosis in Health Care contribute to the growing momentum for change in this crucial area of health care quality and safety.
Download or read book Within the Lack of Chest COVID 19 X ray Dataset A Novel Detection Model Based on GAN and Deep Transfer Learning written by Mohamed Loey and published by Infinite Study. This book was released on with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic is putting healthcare systems across the world under unprecedented and increasing pressure according to theWorld Health Organization (WHO). With the advances in computer algorithms and especially Artificial Intelligence, the detection of this type of virus in the early stages will help in fast recovery and help in releasing the pressure off healthcare systems.
