Download or read book Deciphering Stable Isotope Fractionation delta 13 C Delta 37 Cl During Reductive Dehalogenation of Chlorinated Ethenes written by Daniel Buchner and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Deciphering Stable Isotope Fractionation Delta 13C Delta 37C1 During Reductive Dehalogenation of Chlorinated Ethenes written by Daniel Buchner and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Geochemistry of Stable Chlorine and Bromine Isotopes written by Hans Eggenkamp and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-08-25 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides detailed information on the history, analysis and applications of chlorine and bromine isotope geochemistry. Chlorine and bromine are geochemically unique as they prefer to exist as single charged negative ions. For this reason isotope fractionation reflects mostly processes that are not related to changes in the redox state and this fractionation is generally modest. The book will describe the processes that are most easily detected using these isotopes. Also isotope variations, and processes that cause them, measured in oxidised species such as perchlorates and in organic molecules will be described in this book.
Download or read book Stable Isotope Fractionations of Chlorinated Ethenes Associated with Physical Processes written by Fatemeh Vakili and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 135 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Compound specific Stable Isotope Analysis written by Maik A Jochmann and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2015-11-09 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The use of Compound-specific Stable Isotope Analysis (CSIA) is increasing in many areas of science and technology for source allocation, authentication, and characterization of transformation reactions. Until now, there have been no textbooks available for students with an analytical chemical background or basic introductory books emphasising the instrumentation and theory. This book is the first to focus solely on stable isotope analysis of individual compounds in sometimes complex mixtures. It acts as both a lecture companion for students and a consultant for advanced scientists in fields including forensic and environmental science. The book starts with a brief history of the field before going on to explain stable isotopes from scratch. The different ways to express isotope abundances are introduced together with isotope effects and isotopic fractionation. A detailed account of the required technical equipment and general procedures for CSIA is provided. This includes sections on derivatization and the use of microextraction techniques in GC-IRMS. The very important topic of referencing and calibration in CSIA is clearly described. This differs from approaches used in quantitative analysis and is often difficult for the newcomer to comprehend. Examples of successful applications of CSIA in food authenticity, forensics, archaeology, doping control, environmental science, and extraterrestrial materials are included. Applications in isotope data treatment and presentation are also discussed and emphasis is placed on the general conclusions that can be drawn from the uses of CSIA. Further instrumental developments in the field are highlighted and selected experiments are introduced that may act as a basis for a short practical course at graduate level.
Download or read book An Experimental Calibration of Chlorine Isotope Fractionation Between Amphibole and Fluid at 700 C and 0 2 GPa written by Miguel Cisneros and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Cl stable isotope fractionation factor between amphibole and fluid has been determined at 700 °C and 0.2 GPa. Rates of isotope exchange between pargasite and water at 600-800 °C were slow; therefore synthesis of amphibole in the presence of a fluid was necessary to facilitate the incorporation of Cl into amphibole. Hastingsite was synthesized from an oxide mixture and reacted with a NaCl-bearing supercritical fluid for periods of 3 to 14 days, approximately at the wüstite-magnetite buffer. Based on these synthesis-reaction experiments, the fractionation between hastingsite and a NaCl-bearing solution (~20000 ppm Cl) at 700 °C is 103ln[alpha]amphibole-fluid = 0.19% ± 0.23%. These data display near zero fractionation at 700 °C, but suggest that amphibole is slightly enriched in 37Cl relative to the fluid, in agreement with empirical and theoretical results.
Download or read book Organohalide Respiring Bacteria written by Lorenz Adrian and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-08-03 with total page 620 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book summarizes the current state of knowledge concerning bacteria that use halogenated organic compounds as respiratory electron acceptors. The discovery of organohalide-respiring bacteria has expanded the range of electron acceptors used for energy conservation, and serves as a prime example of how scientific discoveries are enabling innovative engineering solutions that have transformed remediation practice. Individual chapters provide in-depth background information on the discovery, isolation, phylogeny, biochemistry, genomic features, and ecology of individual organohalide-respiring genera, including Dehalococcoides, Dehalogenimonas, Dehalobacter, Desulfitobacterium and Sulfurospirillum, as well as organohalide-respiring members of the Deltaproteobacteria. The book introduces readers to the fascinating biology of organohalide-respiring bacteria, offering a valuable resource for students, engineers and practitioners alike.
Download or read book Chlorinated Solvents written by Robert D Morrison and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2015-11-09 with total page 437 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Environmental forensics is emerging and evolving into a recognized scientific discipline with numerous applications, especially regarding chlorinated solvents. This unique book provides the reader with a concise compilation of information regarding the use of environmental forensic techniques for age dating and identification of the source of a chlorinated solvent release. Concentrating on the five commonly encountered chlorinated solvents (perchloroethylene, trichloroethylene, methyl chloroform, carbon tetrachloride and CFC-113), forensic opportunities applicable to each are presented including the use of stabilizers, manufacturing impurities, surrogate chemicals and physical measurements and degradation products as diagnostic indicators. Detailed historical chronology of the applications of the solvents and specific chapters devoted to dry cleaning and vapor degreasing equipment are included as are generic forensic approaches. Forming a basis for further ideas in the evolution of environmental forensic techniques, Chlorinated Solvents will be an indispensable reference tool for researchers, regulators and analysts in the field.
Download or read book Environmental Isotopes in Biodegradation and Bioremediation written by C. Marjorie Aelion and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2009-11-04 with total page 466 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Enhanced analytical capabilities and separation techniques, improved detection limits, and accessibility of instrumentation have led to massive strides in the use of isotopes to assess microbial processes in surface and subsurface sediments. Considering the rapid growth of research and commercial interest in stable isotope and radioisotope applicat
Download or read book Isotopes in the Water Cycle written by Pradeep K. Aggarwal and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-01-16 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Environmental isotope and nuclear techniques provide unmatched insights into the processes governing the water cycle and its variability. This monograph presents state of the art applications and new developments of isotopes in hydrology, environmental disciplines and climate change studies. Coverage ranges from the assessment of groundwater resources in terms of recharge and flow regime to studies of the past and present global environmental and climate changes.
Download or read book Redox written by J. Schüring and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Few processes are as important for environmental geochemistry as the interplay between the oxidation and reduction of dissolved and solid species. The knowledge of the redox conditions is most important to predict the geochemical behaviour of a great number of components, the mobilities of which are directly or indirectly controlled by redox processes. The understanding of the chemical mechanisms responsible for the establishment of measurable potentials is the major key for the evaluation and sensitive interpretation of data. This book is suitable for advanced undergraduates as well as for all scientists dealing with the measurement and interpretation of redox conditions in the natural environment.
Download or read book Methods and Techniques for Cleaning up Contaminated Sites written by Michael D. Annable and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-01-29 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication comprises the presentations made at the NATO Advanced Research Workshop held in Sinaia, Romania 9 – 11 October, 2006. The contributions represent a unique cross section of issues and challenges related to contaminated site management. These range from low cost solutions to petroleum contaminated sites to advances in biological treatment methods. The publication is meant to foster links between groups facing challenges cleaning up contaminated sites.
Download or read book Isotope Effects In Chemistry and Biology written by Amnon Kohen and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2005-11-01 with total page 1092 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The field of isotope effects has expanded exponentially in the last decade, and researchers are finding isotopes increasingly useful in their studies. Bringing literature on the subject up to date, Isotope Effects in Chemistry and Biology covers current principles, methods, and a broad range of applications of isotope effects in the physical, biolo
Download or read book Chemistry and Analysis of Volatile Organic Compounds in the Environment written by H.J. Bloemen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Interest in the occurrence and behaviour of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is increasing due to their adverse effects on the environment and human health. It is essential that information is made available on the various aspects of research on VOCs to enable better understanding and control of the various environmental and human health threats. The information in this book will be used to improve communication and understanding of the various approaches. In particular the potential and limitations of the described analytical methods will be essential in defining environmental studies and interpreting the results.
Download or read book Bioaugmentation for Groundwater Remediation written by Hans F. Stroo and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-10-02 with total page 421 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume provides a review of the past 10 to 15 years of intensive research, development and demonstrations that have been on the forefront of developing bioaugmentation into a viable remedial technology. This volume provides both a primer on the basic microbial processes involved in bioaugmentation, as well as a thorough summary of the methodology for implementing the technology. This reference volume will serve as a valuable resource for environmental remediation professionals who seek to understand, evaluate, and implement bioaugmentation.
Download or read book Reactive Transport in Soil and Groundwater written by Gunnar Nützmann and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-02-08 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, the authors focus on the improvement of the scientific base for the development of environmental risk indicators measured by the presence of pollutants in water and porous media. In pursuit of a correct and complete numerical approach, they deliver insight into the understanding of integrated process, and also of modeling capabilities.
Download or read book Phytoremediation Role of Aquatic Plants in Environmental Clean Up written by Bhupinder Dhir and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-07-11 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contamination of the different components of environment through industrial and anthropogenic activities have guided new eras of research. This has lead to development of strategies/methodologies to curtail/minimize environmental contamination. Research studies conducted all over the globe established that bioremediation play a promising role in minimizing environmental contamination. In the last decade, phytoremediation studies have been conducted on a vast scale. Initial research in this scenario focused on screening terrestrial plant species that remove contaminants from soil and air. Later, scientific community realized that water is a basic necessity for sustaining life on earth and quality of which is getting deteriorated day by day. This initiated studies on phytoremediation using aquatic plants. Role of aquatic plant species in cleaning water bodies was also explored. Many of the aquatic plant species showed potential to treat domestic, municipal and industrial wastewaters and hence their use in constructed wetlands for treating wastewaters was emphasized. The present book contains five chapters. First two chapters provide information about types of contaminants commonly reported in wastewaters and enlists some important and well studied aquatic plant species known for their potential to remove various contaminants from wastewater. Subsequent chapters deal with mechanisms involved in contaminant removal by aquatic plant species, and also provide detailed information about role of aquatic plant species in wetlands. Potential of constructed wetlands in cleaning domestic and industrial wastewaters has also been discussed in detail. The strategy for enhancing phytoremediation capacity of plants by different means and effectiveness of phytoremediation technology in terms of monitory benefits has been discussed in last chapter. Last chapter also emphasizes the future aspects of this technology.
