Download or read book Deactivation of Palladium oxide on Alumina Catalysts for Methane Oxidation in Lean burn Engine Exhaust written by Deborah L. Mowery and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Deactivation Studies of Noble Metal Catalysts for Lean Methane Combustion written by Georgeta M. Istratescu and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Green House Gases (GHG) contribution to global warming has led to extensive research into reduction of emission of the GHG. Transportation, as a main contributor to GHG, faces a major challenge in researching and developing of new technologies with the aim of reducing the carbon foot print. The use of alternative fuels with lower harmful emissions became obvious as a result of emission control regulations and climate change. Natural gas engines gained popularity due to their ability to burn the fuel almost completely, which recommends them as an environmentally friendly alternative to fossil fuels engines. However, the incomplete combustion of methane in natural gas engines will release methane and carbon monoxide into the atmosphere. The fugitive methane emission problem can be tackled by the development of performant catalytic converters. This project reports on catalytic activity and stability of three sets of catalyst. The first set, palladium only catalysts provided by 15, 80 and 150 g/ft3 loading, were designed for methane combustion but not necessarily for lean burn engines. The second set studied were 2 catalysts: Pt and Pt-Pd (4:1) catalyst, with a loading of 95 g/ft3. Their mainly intend was the use as diesel oxidation catalysts. The third set of catalytic converters was designed for use for lean burn gas engines. The catalysts studied were Pt-Pd (1:5) with a loading of 150 g/ft3, Pd 122 (122 g/ft3), Pd Rh (117.15:2.85) (loading 120 g/ft3) and PtPdRh (19:73:2.85) with a loading of 94.85 g/ft3. The influence of different pretreatments on the catalyst activity (i.e. de-greening temperature, reduction process) were studied through ignition-extinction experiments. The stability of the catalyst was investigated through thermal ageing experiments. The effect of water on the catalytic activity was investigated through hydro-thermal ageing experiments.
Download or read book Exhaust Gas After treatment of Lean operated Natural Gas Engines Over Palladium based Methane Oxidation Catalysts written by Patrick Lott and published by . This book was released on 2020* with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Catalytic Combustion written by Sophie A. Cottilard and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Catalytic combustion has been developed as a method of promoting efficient combustion over a wide range of air-to-fuel ratios with a minimum pollutant formation at low temperatures as compared to conventional flame combustion. In this book, the authors present current research in the study of catalytic combustion including commercial and industrial research in combustion and fluidisation engineering; the catalytic combustion of soot; using metal oxides to improve catalytic efficiency; catalytic combustion in the removal of pollutants from exhaust gases and in the energy conversion field and the catalytic combustion of methane using ceria-zirconia.
Download or read book Graphical Thinking for Science and Technology Through Knowledge Visualization written by Ursyn, Anna and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2019-11-22 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the advancement of technology in the modern world, the constant influx of data, information, and computing can become droning and one-dimensional. Re-examining these methods through a different approach helps highlight broader perspectives and further understanding. Applying abstract and holistic methods, such as nature and visualization, to computing technologies is a developing area of study but has yet to be empirically researched. Graphical Thinking for Science and Technology Through Knowledge Visualization provides emerging research exploring the theoretical and practical aspects of implementing visuals and images within data and information. The text contains projects, examples of students’ solutions, and invites the reader to apply graphical thinking. Featuring coverage on a broad range of topics such as nanoscale structures, computer graphics, and data visualization, this book is ideally designed for software engineers, instructional designers, researchers, scientists, artists, marketers, media professionals, and students seeking current research on applying artistic solutions within information and computing.
Download or read book Handbook of Climate Change Mitigation written by Wei-Yin Chen and published by Springer. This book was released on 2012-02-13 with total page 2130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is a mounting consensus that human behavior is changing the global climate and its consequence could be catastrophic. Reducing the 24 billion metric tons of carbon dioxide emissions from stationary and mobile sources is a gigantic task involving both technological challenges and monumental financial and societal costs. The pursuit of sustainable energy resources, environment, and economy has become a complex issue of global scale that affects the daily life of every citizen of the world. The present mitigation activities range from energy conservation, carbon-neutral energy conversions, carbon advanced combustion process that produce no greenhouse gases and that enable carbon capture and sequestion, to other advanced technologies. From its causes and impacts to its solutions, the issues surrounding climate change involve multidisciplinary science and technology. This handbook will provide a single source of this information. The book will be divided into the following sections: Scientific Evidence of Climate Change and Societal Issues, Impacts of Climate Change, Energy Conservation, Alternative Energies, Advanced Combustion, Advanced Technologies, and Education and Outreach.
Download or read book Initiation and Flame Propagation in Combustion of Gases and Pyrophoric Metal Nanostructures written by Nikolai M. Rubtsov and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-10-01 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents new data on combustion processes for practical applications, discussing fire safety issues in the development of flame arresters and the use of noble metals in hydrogen recombiners for nuclear power plants. It establishes the basic principles of production of metal nanostructures, namely nanopowders of metals and compact products made of them, with the preservation of the unique properties of nanoproducts.
Download or read book Inclusion Chemistry with Zeolites Nanoscale Materials by Design written by Norman Herron and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1995 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Zeolites, with their crystalline microporous structure, are cordial hosts to a wide variety of guests. Traditional absorption techniques, as well as X-ray diffraction and spectroscopic techniques, have contributed to a better understanding of the nature of the host materials' characteristic cavities, cages and channels. The same techniques, coupled with powerful computational methods, have given new insights into the interactions of guest molecules with their hosts. In turn, this has led to new developments in the direction of structure during zeolite synthesis as well as potentially new applications of guest-host materials. The chapters in this text describe modern research in this field, detailing some of the studies on structure direction in synthesis, characterization techniques, computational aspects, co-ordination and organometallic chemistry, photochemistry, and electronic and optical materials.
Download or read book Selective Catalytic Reduction of NOx written by Oliver Kröcher and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2018-12-14 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "Selective Catalytic Reduction of NOx" that was published in Catalysts
Download or read book Plasma Catalysis written by Annemie Bogaerts and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2019-04-02 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plasma catalysis is gaining increasing interest for various gas conversion applications, such as CO2 conversion into value-added chemicals and fuels, N2 fixation for the synthesis of NH3 or NOx, methane conversion into higher hydrocarbons or oxygenates. It is also widely used for air pollution control (e.g., VOC remediation). Plasma catalysis allows thermodynamically difficult reactions to proceed at ambient pressure and temperature, due to activation of the gas molecules by energetic electrons created in the plasma. However, plasma is very reactive but not selective, and thus a catalyst is needed to improve the selectivity. In spite of the growing interest in plasma catalysis, the underlying mechanisms of the (possible) synergy between plasma and catalyst are not yet fully understood. Indeed, plasma catalysis is quite complicated, as the plasma will affect the catalyst and vice versa. Moreover, due to the reactive plasma environment, the most suitable catalysts will probably be different from thermal catalysts. More research is needed to better understand the plasma–catalyst interactions, in order to further improve the applications.
Download or read book Synthesis Characterization and Activity of Palladium Catalysts on the Dual Support of Cerium and Aluminum Oxides written by Jihyeon Park and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The effects of sequence of impregnation (Pd on cerium oxides -alumina and cerium oxides on Pd-alumina) and calcination temperature (500 °C and 850 °C) on the catalytic oxidation of methane under lean conditions were investigated. The catalysts were prepared by a combination of impregnation, slurry and vortexing methods. The catalysts had 4.7 wt.% Pd and 10.7 wt.% Ce based on inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) analysis. The catalysts were characterized by pulse chemisorption, temperature programmed reduction (TPD), scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The activity of the catalysts for methane combustion was measured in a fixed-bed flow reactor by flowing a gas mix (0.98 vol % methane, 4.01 vol % and balance nitrogen) through a catalytic bed. The temperature of the catalytic bed was controlled by a temperature -controlled tube furnace. The % methane in the effluent gas mix was measured by a gas chromatograph fitted with a flame ionization detector and a ‘Carbon Plot’ column. Palladium was present as PdO and PdOx x>2+ and cerium as CeOx (+3 and +4 oxidation states) as per XPS analysis. The activity of the Pd/cerium oxides-alumina500C catalyst was higher than the cerium oxides/Pd-alumina500C catalyst at 250-500 °C. Similar trends in the activity were seen for the two catalysts calcined at 850 °C. Higher dispersion and lower particle size, and the presence of small Pd particles on alumina accounted for the higher catalytic activities of the Pd/cerium oxides-alumina500C and 850C catalysts. The lower activities of cerium oxides/Pd-alumina500C and 850C were primarily due to the embedment of Pd onto ceria due to strong PdO-CeOx interactions. This research implies that the sequence of impregnation and calcination temperature could alter catalytic properties and activity for methane combustion through PdO/PdOx -support interactions.
Download or read book Catalytic Reduction of Nitrogen Oxide Emissions with Lower Hydrocarbons for Natural Gas fired Lean burn Engines written by Sreshtha Sinha Majumdar and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A hydrothermally stable dual-catalyst aftertreatment system for emission control of nitrogen oxides (NOx) with lower hydrocarbons (CHx) has been developed for natural gas-fired stationary lean-burn engines. The dual-catalyst system consists of a physical mixture of a reduction catalyst, palladium supported on sulfated zirconia (Pd/SZ) and an oxidation catalyst, cobalt oxide supported on ceria, CoOx/CeO2. The multifunctional aftertreatment system oxidizes nitric oxide (NO) to nitrogen dioxide (NO2), reduces NO2 to nitrogen (N2), and oxidizes carbon monoxide (CO) and the unutilized hydrocarbons. For practical applications in environmental catalysis, the catalytically active powder catalyst needs to be wash-coated onto a monolith core. To prevent permanent loss of activity due to physical separation of the wash-coat from the walls of the monolith core, adhesivity enhancing materials (binders) are added to the wash-coat. A novel method of incorporating binder to the active catalyst in situ during sol-gel synthesis is presented in this work. Alumina binder incorporated into Pd/SZ in situ during sol-gel synthesis was chosen for further development of a catalytically active washcoat based on activity tests under simulated engine-exhaust conditions. The alumina binder-incorporated Pd/SZ catalyst slurry controlled at pH 1 and calcined at 700°C demonstrated the most promising NOx reduction and CH4 oxidation activity. Cyclic thermal shock tests demonstrated enhanced adhesive properties of the wash-coat to the walls of the cordierite monolith core. Thus, a catalytically active wash-coat with superior adhesive properties was developed for practical application in a real-world aftertreatment unit.
Download or read book Catalysts Deactivation Poisoning and Regeneration written by Luciana Lisi and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2019-10-01 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Catalyst lifetime represents one of the most crucial economic aspects in industrial catalytic processes, due to costly shutdowns, catalyst replacements, and proper disposal of spent materials. Not surprisingly, there is considerable motivation to understand and treat catalyst deactivation, poisoning, and regeneration, which causes this research topic to continue to grow. The complexity of catalyst poisoning obviously increases along with the increasing use of biomass/waste-derived/residual feedstocks and with requirements for cleaner and novel sustainable processes. This book collects 15 research papers providing insights into several scientific and technical aspects of catalyst poisoning and deactivation, proposing more tolerant catalyst formulations, and exploring possible regeneration strategies.
Download or read book Catalytic Oxidation of Methane Over Alumina Supported Palladium Oxides written by Jacqueline Michelle McGuire and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Catalytic Air Pollution Control written by Ronald M. Heck and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-03-07 with total page 548 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Catalytic Air Pollution Control: Commercial Technology is the primary source for commercial catalytic air pollution control technology, offering engineers a comprehensive account of all modern catalytic technology. This Third Edition covers all the new advances in technology in automotive catalyst control technology, diesel engine catalyst control technology, small engine catalyst control technology, and alternate sustainable fuels for auto and diesel.
Download or read book Methane Oxidation Over Palladium based Catalyst for Exhaust gas After treatment written by Andreas Gremminger and published by . This book was released on 2020* with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Supported Metals in Catalysis written by James Arthur Anderson and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2012 with total page 581 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With contributions from experts in supported metal catalysis, from both the industry and academia, this book presents the latest developments in characterization and application of supported metals in heterogeneous catalysis. In addition to a thorough and updated coverage of the traditional aspects of heterogeneous catalysis such as preparation, characterization and use in well-established technologies such as Naphtha reforming, the book also includes emerging areas where supported metal catalysis will make significant contributions in future developments, such as fuel cells and fine chemicals synthesis. The second edition of Supported Metals in Catalysis comes complete with new and updated chapters containing important summaries of research in a rapidly evolving field. Very few other books deal with this highly pertinent subject matter, and as such, it is a must-have for anyone working in the field of heterogeneous catalysis.
