Download or read book Cytokines and Mental Health written by Ziad Kronfol and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cytokines and Mental Health explores the relationship between cytokines, neural circuitry and mental health. It is interdisciplinary and "translational", bringing together information that spans the spectrum from the molecular and cellular levels to the patient and the clinic. Content includes chapters that discuss cytokine pathways in the brain, the neurochemical and neuroendocrine effects of cytokines, and the behavioral effects of cytokines including sickness behavior. These chapters in basic research are followed by a more clinical section that discusses the role of cytokines in neuropsychiatric disorders such as major depression, schizophrenia and Alzheimer's disease. The book offers different things to different people. It should be of great interest to neuroscientists and immunologists working in the field of psychoneuroimmunology. It would also greatly benefit mental health professionals including psychiatrists, psychologists and clinicians of diverse background who are interested in mind-body medicine.
Download or read book Cytokines Stress and Depression written by Robert Dantzer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1999-07-31 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Until a few years ago, cytokines were only known to immunologists; now these molecules have burst upon neurosciences and permeated several avenues of current research. This book examines the possible role of cytokines in mental depression, based on recent clinical and experimental data, and constitutes the first attempt to make a synthesis between the exciting new developments in cytokine research and their implications for the pathophysiology of mental disorders.
Download or read book Cytokines Stress and Depression written by Robert Dantzer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-11-23 with total page 335 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cytokines had been characterized in the early eighties as communication mole cules between immune cells, and between immunocytes and other peripheral cells, such as fibroblasts and endothelial cells. They play a key role in the regulation of the immune response and the coordination of the host response to infection. Based on these biological properties, nobody would have predicted that one decade later cytokines would burst upon neurosciences and permeate into several avenues of current research. In neurology, the connection between cytokines and inflammation, and the demonstration of a pivotal role of some of these molecules in cell death by apoptosis, prompted the investigation of their involvement in several neurological diseases involving an inflammatory component, including multiple sclerosis, brain trauma, stroke, and Alzheimer's disease. This movement started in the late eighties, and the corresponding field of research, known as neuroimmunology, is presently booming. In psychiatry, however, the relationship between cytokines and mental disorders was much less evident and took longer to materialize. The first indication that cytokines might be involved in psychopathology came from cancerology and internal medicine.
Download or read book Inflammation Associated Depression Evidence Mechanisms and Implications written by Robert Dantzer and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-12-28 with total page 357 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Inflammation has invaded the field of psychiatry. The finding that cytokines are elevated in various affective and psychotic disorders brings to the forefront the necessity of identifying the precise research domain criteria (RDoCs) that inflammation is responsible for. This task is certainly the most advanced in major depressive disorders. The reason is that a dearth of clinical and preclinical studies has demonstrated that inflammation can cause symptoms of depression and conversely, cytokine antagonists can attenuate symptoms of depression in medical and psychiatric patients with chronic low grade inflammation. Important knowledge has been gained on the symptom dimensions that inflammation is driving and the mechanisms of action of cytokines in the brain, providing new targets for drug research and development. The aim of the book “Inflammation-Associated Depression” is to present this field of research and its implications in a didactic and comprehensive manner to basic and clinical scientists, psychiatrists, physicians, and students at the graduate level.
Download or read book Stress Challenges and Immunity in Space written by Alexander Choukèr and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-11-27 with total page 756 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explains how stress – either psychological or physical – can activate and/or paralyse human innate or adaptive immunity. Adequate immunity is crucial for maintaining health, both on Earth and in space. During space flight, human physiology is specifically challenged by complex environmental stressors, which are most pronounced during lunar or interplanetary missions. Adopting an interdisciplinary approach, the book identifies the impact of these stressors – the space exposome – on immunity as a result of (dys-)functions of specific cells, organs and organ networks. These conditions (e.g. gravitation changes, radiation, isolation/confinement) affect immunity, but at the same time provide insights that may help to prevent, diagnose and address immune-related health alterations. Written by experts from academia, space agencies and industry, the book is a valuable resource for professionals, researchers and students in the field of medicine, biology and technology. The chapters “The Impact of Everyday Stressors on the Immune System and Health”, “Stress and Radiation Responsiveness” and “Assessment of Radiosensitivity and Biomonitoring of Exposure to Space adiation” are available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.
Download or read book Inflammation in Psychiatry written by A. Halaris and published by Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers. This book was released on 2013-02-27 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Psychoimmunology is a rapidly maturing area of scientific endeavor that provides a compelling integrative link between the immune system and its response to stress and psychiatric illness. Stress initiates pathological changes by activating the immune and endocrine systems. Inflammation is at the core of the complex and interactive systems that both contribute to and result from psychopathology. Consequently, inflammation research advances our knowledge of the pathology of depression, schizophrenia, chronic fatigue syndrome, posttraumatic stress disorder and a host of co-morbid conditions, notably diabetes, cardiovascular disease and cerebrovascular disease. The possible mechanisms underlying the bidirectionality of co-morbid medical and psychiatric disorders can be viewed as a consequence of inflammatory changes. These emerging novel concepts illustrate how the knowledge of inflammation can enable meaningful integration of psychopathology with physical co-morbidity. The innovative articles in this volume highlight the intricate link between psychiatry and psychoimmunology and underscore the central role of inflammation in furthering our understanding of the pathophysiology underlying mental health and illness.
Download or read book Sex Differences in Depression written by Susan Nolen-Hoeksema and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 1990 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Women are twice as likely as men to experience protracted sadness, apathy, low self-esteem, and other symptoms of depression. How can we account for this sex difference? Several explanations have been proposed, some dating back many years. This book critically examines the evidence for each explanation in an attempt to discover what we do and do not know about sex differences in depression. It is a landmark review of the historical, theoretical and empirical approaches to sex differences in depression. Nolen-Hoeksema presents a fresh historical review, makes theoretical criticisms and offers clear and challenging avenues for future research and practical applications.
Download or read book Clinical Psychometrics written by Per Bech and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-09-24 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Clinical Psychometrics is an introduction to the long-term attempt to measure the psychiatric dimension of dementia, schizophrenia, mania, depression, anxiety, neuroticism, extraversion/introversion and health-related quality of life. The two psychometric procedures, classical factor analysis and modern item-response models, are presented for readers without any requirement for particular mathematical or statistical knowledge. The book is unique in this attempt and provides helpful background information for the dimensional approach that is being used in the forthcoming updates to the diagnostic classification systems, ICD-11 and DSM-5. The book is written for everyone who is interested in the origins and development of modern psychiatry, and who wants to be familiar with its practical possibilities; how it is possible to compare different individuals with each other, how one may determine the boundary between what is normal and what is disease, or how one may assess the clinical effect of the various forms of treatment, available to present day psychiatry.
Download or read book Perinatal Inflammation and Adult Psychopathology written by Antonio L. Teixeira and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-04-07 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Perinatal psychiatry is an emerging field that investigates the role of perinatal events – for example pregnancy complications and infections – in the development of neuropsychiatric conditions, such as schizophrenia and mood disorders. Among the implicated pathological mechanisms, perinatal-induced inflammation seems to play a major role and is being considered as a potential target for therapeutic intervention. Bringing together various approaches in the field (preclinical and clinical, epidemiological, immunological and genetic methods), the book discusses the available evidence, the putative mechanisms and the challenges ahead.
Download or read book Immunopsychiatry written by Antonio L. Teixeira and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 323 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book assembles and presents the available data on the immune/inflammatory dysfunction in psychiatric disorders, indicating the potential of immune mechanisms as either biomarkers or therapeutic targets, as well as discussing the challenges ahead of incorporating this knowledge into clinical practice.
Download or read book The Inflamed Mind written by Edward Bullmore and published by Macmillan + ORM. This book was released on 2018-12-31 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As seen on "CBS This Morning" Worldwide, depression will be the single biggest cause of disability in the next twenty years. But treatment for it has not changed much in the last three decades. In the world of psychiatry, time has apparently stood still...until now with Edward Bullmore's The Inflamed Mind: A Radical New Approach to Depression. A Sunday Times (London) Top Ten Bestseller In this game-changing book, University of Cambridge professor of psychiatry Edward Bullmore reveals the breakthrough new science on the link between depression and inflammation of the body and brain. He explains how and why we now know that mental disorders can have their root cause in the immune system, and outlines a future revolution in which treatments could be specifically targeted to break the vicious cycles of stress, inflammation, and depression. The Inflamed Mind goes far beyond the clinic and the lab, representing a whole new way of looking at how mind, brain, and body all work together in a sometimes misguided effort to help us survive in a hostile world. It offers insights into how we could start getting to grips with depression and other mental disorders much more effectively in the future.
Download or read book Immuno Psychiatry written by Michael Berk and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a thorough and critical review of current knowledge on the role of immunology in major psychiatric disorders and its potential applications. The opening chapters offer general information on the immune influence of the brain to provide readers with a better understanding of the end of immune privilege. The book then examines possible underlying mechanisms leading to psychiatric disorders, from early infections to pro-inflammatory markers, stress, and immune genetic background, linking etiology and psychiatry. The third section describes each disorder (ie autism, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, depression...) with an overview of underlying immune dysfunctions. Lastly, the authors discuss the innovative immune-therapies that may result from the discovery of immune system biomarkers and their associated mechanisms. A better understanding of the role of the immune system in psychiatric disorders makes it possible to identify stratification biomarkers, to explain underlying mechanisms, and to develop innovative, efficient, targeted treatment strategies and management. As such, the book is of value to clinicians, mental health professionals, mental health researchers, immunologists, industry practitioners, and various stakeholders in the mental health field.
Download or read book Immunopsychiatry written by Antonio L. Teixeira and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2019-01-03 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, a dedicated effort has been made to understand the immune dysfunction that is associated with major psychiatric disorders. The expanding knowledge of the immune system as a major homeostatic system has been very helpful in indicating new potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets to reduce the burden of psychiatric disorders. Indeed, immune cells, their secreted molecules, and cell signalling events are highly promising. Yet, the literature on immunology of psychiatric disorders is still dispersed, and only a few attempts have been made to consolidate the current knowledge in this expanding area. This book assembles and presents the available data on the immune/inflammatory dysfunction in psychiatric disorders, indicating the potential of immune mechanisms as either biomarkers or therapeutic targets, as well as discussing the challenges ahead of incorporating this knowledge into clinical practice. An international team of senior experts in the field review all psychiatric disorders in order to provide an integrated, in-depth understanding of the role of immune changes in psychiatric diseases for mental health clinicians as well as for researchers in immunology, psychiatry, neurology, and pharmacology.
Download or read book Comorbidity of Mental and Physical Disorders written by N. Sartorius and published by Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers. This book was released on 2014-11-26 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication presents evidence about the magnitude and severe consequences of comorbidity of mental and physical illnesses from a personal and societal perspective. Leading experts address the huge burden of co-morbidity to the affected individual as well as the public health aspects, the costs to society and interaction with factors stemming from the context of socioeconomic developments. The authors discuss the clinical challenge of managing cardiovascular illnesses, cancer, infectious diseases and other physical illness when they occur with a range of mental and behavioral disorders, including substance abuse, eating disorders and anxiety. Also covered are the organization of health services, the training of different categories of health personnel and the multidisciplinary engagement necessary to prevent and manage comorbidity effectively. The book is essential reading for general practitioners, internists, public health specialists, psychiatrists, cardiologists, oncologists, medical educationalists and other health care professionals.
Download or read book Cytokines Depression and Bone Health written by Monica Sucharski and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Background: Cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1[beta], IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-[alpha] are cellular messengers related to immune and inflammatory responses in the body. Cytokines have been implicated as being involved in both depression, a mental health condition affecting over 350 million people worldwide, and bone breakdown, a disease process leading to increased risk for osteoporosis and in turn, potential fracture. Specifically, these pro-inflammatory markers have been associated with increased depressive symptoms in adolescent females and have also been identified as osteoclastogenic factors in bone resorption in both animals and humans. However, the nature of the role each factor plays is unclear. Given the inter-developmental stage variability and lifetime trajectory of bone growth and breakdown, it is important to identify potential contributing factors in order to improve health promotion during key periods of development in females. The purpose of this thesis is to address the following clinical question in healthy adolescent girls: What are the associations of baseline cytokine levels with depressive symptoms and bone mass one year later?Methods: This is a secondary analysis of an existing cross-sequential, longitudinal dataset collected (2003-2006) in a three-year study of 262 female adolescents. Data related to levels of cytokines IL-1[beta], IL-6, and TNF-[alpha], measured via bioassay, from Time 1 (initial clinic visit) were analyzed in connection with levels of depressive symptoms measured by the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI). Then measures of bone mass (Whole Body Bone Mineral Content; BMC, Hip Bone Mineral Density; BMD, and Lumbar Spine BMD), via dual energy x-ray absorptiometry, from Time 1 and Time 2 (one year later) were used to consider change in bone mass across time. Multiple covariates were included: (e.g., gynecological age, serum 25-hydroxy Vitamin D, weight). The association of depressive symptoms and bone-specific cytokines on bone mass was then analyzed. Data analysis involved descriptive statistics, correlations, andthree separate stepwise regression models.Results: The majority of the sample was white (61.80%); averaged 5.25 (SD = 0.26) feet in height and 137.02 (SD = 40.12) pounds in weight. Subjects reported age at menarche (N = 253, M = 12.40, SD = ±1.24) in years, and gynecological age in years was subsequently calculated (N = 209, M = 3.39, SD = 1.90). None of the observed independent variables (Time 1 IL-1[beta], IL-6, TNF-[alpha], CDI were significantly correlated with any observed dependent variables (Time 1 Whole Body BMC, Lumbar Spine BMD, and Hip BMD). Only IL-1[beta] was significantly related to Lumbar BMD (B = -.0002, SE = .0001, p
Download or read book Fatigue Science for Human Health written by Y. Watanabe and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-04-06 with total page 596 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To provide a forum for discussion, the International Conference on Fatigue Science was organized, the first being held in 2002 in Sandhamn, Sweden, and the second in 2005 in Karuizawa, Japan. Subsequently it was decided that the papers presented at the two conferences should be collected. The result is an authoritative guide to recent progress in the molecular and neural mechanisms of fatigue and in the development of the ways to prevent and overcome fatigue and chronic fatigue.
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Stress and Mental Health written by Kate L. Harkness and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2020 with total page 769 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook is currently in development, with individual articles publishing online in advance of print publication. At this time, we cannot add information about unpublished articles in this handbook, however the table of contents will continue to grow as additional articles pass through the review process and are added to the site. Please note that the online publication date for this handbook is the date that the first article in the title was published online.
