Download or read book Cyprus Under Britain 1878 1960 written by Thanos Kondylis and published by . This book was released on 2019-05-26 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: WRITER: Thanos KondylisTITLE: CYPRUS UNDER BRITAIN (1878-1960)TYPE: HistoryFORM: Article BIBLIOGRAFY: YES LANGUAGE: ENGLISH PAGES: 35WORDS: 3.500FIRST PRESENTATION: 2013CONTEMPORARY VERSION: 2019--------------------------------------------------------------------FREE READ / DNLOAD e-boosk HERE: https: //www.thanoskondylis.com---------------------------------------------------------------------SUMMARY: In 19 February 1878 Russia and the Ottoman Empire signed the peace Treaty of San Stephen. The reaction of England was immediate as through this treaty Russia was actively involved in the Balkans. So England with the cooperation of Germany in June 1878 organized a new international Congress in Berlin where it was revised the terms of the Treaty of San Stephen. Russia accepted the new adjustments. During the same period the English ambassador in Istanbul (Constantinople) managed to extract Cyprus from the Ottoman Empire in return for the British support at the Congress of Berlin. The occupation of Cyprus was necessary because along with Gibraltar and Malta it created a sequel of strategic ports in the Mediterranean over the trade route that connected England - via Suez - with India. In June 1878 the Sultan agreed and signed with England a treaty under which the British Empire would exercise the administration in Cyprus. So in early July 1878 the British troops landed on the island.---------------------------------------------------Contact me at: [email protected]

Download or read book Cyprus written by Haris Notias and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2024-08-06 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On 19 February 1878 Russia and the Ottoman Empire signed the peace Treaty of San Stephen. The reaction of England was immediate as through this treaty Russia was actively involved in the Balkans. So, England with the cooperation of Germany in June 1878 organized a new international Congress in Berlin where it was revised the terms of the Treaty of San Stephen. Russia accepted the new adjustments. During the same period, the English ambassador in Istanbul (Constantinople) managed to extract Cyprus from the Ottoman Empire in return for the British support at the Congress of Berlin. The occupation of Cyprus was necessary because along with Gibraltar and Malta it created a sequel of strategic ports in the Mediterranean over the trade route that connected England - via Suez - with India. In June 1878, the Sultan agreed and signed with England a treaty under which the British Empire would exercise the administration in Cyprus. So, in early July 1878 the British troops landed on the island.

Download or read book Sweet and Bitter Island written by Tabitha Morgan and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2010-07-12 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On a sweltering day in July 1878, the men of the 42nd Royal Highlanders - the Black Watch - waded ashore at Larnaca Bay to begin the British occupation of Cyprus. Today, Britons on sunbeds colonise the same stretch of sand, the latest visitors to an island which has long held a special place in the English imagination - and a controversial role in British imperial ambitions. From Britain's acquisition of the island in 1878 up to independence in 1960, a true understanding of the complexity of Cypriot society and its aspirations eluded most British administrators. In the late 19th century, the British worked furiously to outmanoeuvre a restless Russian Empire bent on southward expansion. In this 'Great Game' of superpowers, few episodes were bolder than the British acquisition of Cyprus through a secret treaty with the Ottoman Empire. Initially considered strategically vital for the defence of India, the island soon lost its importance as a military staging post, when Britain occupied Egypt. Nevertheless, Cyprus became a major centre of Allied espionage and counter-espionage in both World Wars - a role that up to now has never been fully revealed. But despite the island's importance, British rule on Cyprus was often somewhat lackadaisical: low salaries resulted in a colourful staff of hard drinking colonial rejects and scholarly classicists of independent means. Disastrous governance combined with a misunderstanding by the British of the growing desire for enosis, the union of Cyprus with Greece, contributed to increasing Cypriot disillusionment with British rule. Drawing on largely unpublished material, Morgan reflects on why successive administrations failed so catastrophically to engage with their Cypriot subjects, and how social segregation, confusion about Cypriot identity and the poor calibre of so many administrators all contributed to the bloody guerilla conflict that led, finally, to Cypriot independence. Sweet and Bitter Island explores for the first time the unique bond between Britain and Cyprus and the complex, sometimes tense, relationship between the two nations which endures to the present day. Extensively researched and lyrically written, this is the definitive portrait of British colonial life on the Mediterranean island.

Download or read book The Population of Cyprus During the British Rule written by E. I. Demetriades and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Divide and Quit written by Hubert Faustmann and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Cyprus Question 1878 1960 written by Euanthēs Chatzēvasileiou and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Imperial Control in Cyprus written by Antigone Heraclidou and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2017-06-30 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Protectorate Cyprus, education was one of the most effective tools of imperial control and political manipulation used by the British. This book charts the cultural and educational aspects of British colonial rule in Cyprus and analyses what these policies reveal about the internal struggles on the island between 1931 and 1960. Cyprus had been under British occupation since 1878, but it was in the 1930s that educational policies acquired a strong political significance and became essential in preserving the British position on the island. The co-existence of two very strongly-held and eventually conflicting national identities in Cyprus, Greek-Orthodox and Turkish Muslim, inevitably led to the politicisation of education and culture on the island. Therefore, any attempts to impose British culture, language and way of thinking onto Cypriots, or even to create a distinct Cypriot identity, had very limited success. Gradually, the education system reflected the shifting political developments in colonial Cyprus. By the start of the 1950s, schools had become a breeding ground for discontent and between 1955 and 1959 they were an indispensable part of the EOKA revolt. In this book, Antigone Heraclidou provides a new dimension to the understanding and origins of the deadlock that was to prove one of the most intractable in the final years of the British Empire.

Download or read book British Imperialism and Turkish Nationalism in Cyprus 1923 1939 written by Ilia Xypolia and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-11-20 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As Cyprus experienced British imperial rule between 1878 and 1960, Greek and Turkish nationalism on the island developed at different times and at different speeds. Relations between Turkish Cypriots and the British on the one hand, and Greek Cypriots and the British on the other, were often asymmetrical with the Muslim community undergoing an enormous change in terms of national/ethnic identity and class characteristics. Turkish Cypriot nationalism developed belatedly as a militant nationalist and anti-Enosis movement. This book explores the relationship between the emergence of Turkish national identity and British colonial rule in the 1920s and 1930s.

Download or read book Britain in Cyprus written by Hubert Faustmann and published by Harrassowitz. This book was released on 2009-04 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seit 125 Jahren spielt Grossbritannien in der Geschichte, Gesellschaft und Kultur Zyperns eine bedeutende Rolle. Zwischen 1878 und 1960 war Zypern eine britische Kolonie und wahrend dieser Zeit entstanden die zahlreiche Charakteristika der modernen zypriotischen Gesellschaft.Von 1955 bis 1959 kampfte die griechisch-zypriotische Untergrundarmee EOKA fur ein Ende der Kolonialherrschaft und die Vereinigung der Insel mit Griechenland. Der Konflikt, der auch zu burgerkriegsahnlichen Auseinandersetzungen mit der turkisch-zypriotischen Volksgruppe und fast zum Krieg zwischen Griechenland und der Turkei fuhrte, endete mit einem Kompromiss, den keiner gewollt hatte: der unabhangigen Republik Zypern. Bis heute wird Grossbritannien beschuldigt, die Hauptverantwortung fur die Entstehung dieses Konfliktes und seine Eskalation in den 50er Jahren zu tragen.Auch nach der Unabhangigkeit spielten die Briten in der Geschichte der Insel eine besondere und ausserst umstrittene Rolle. Als Garantiemacht teilten sie sich zusammen mit Griechenland und der Turkei die Verantwortung fur die Bewahrung der verfassungsmassigen Ordnung und territorialen Integritat der Insel Zudem behielten die Briten zwei souverane Militarbasen, die sie bis heute als koloniale Relikte nutzen.1963 brach die verfassungsmassige Ordnung der Republik zusammen, es kam erneut zum Burgerkrieg. Der Konflikt zwischen beiden Volksgruppen und ihren "Mutterlandern" Griechenland und Turkei kulminierte 1974 in einem Coup d''Etat der Militarjunta in Athen gegen den griechisch-zypriotischen Prasidenten Makarios, den die Turkei mit einer Invasion der Insel beantwortete, der zu der bis heute andauernden Teilung der Insel fuhrte. Grossbritannien wird beschuldigt, als Garantiemacht seit 1963 versagt zu haben. Lassen sich diese Anschuldigungen halten?Das vorliegende Buch enthalt die bislang umfassendste Darstellung der britisch-zypriotischen Beziehungen zwischen 1878 und dem heutigen Tage. Mehr als 40 Arbeiten von anerkannten Zypernexperten beleuchten die Rolle, die Grossbritannien bei der Entstehung und im Verlauf des Zypernkonfliktes bis heute spielte.Die historisch-politische Analyse wird durch eine Reihe von weiteren Arbeiten erganzt, die sich mit soziologischen, anthropologischen, wirtschaftlichen und kulturellen Aspekten der britisch-zypriotischen Beziehungen beschaftigen.Das Publikation beinhaltet eine Fulle bislang unveroffentlichter Forschungsergebnisse und ist ein Muss fur jeden, der sich fur britisch-zypriotischen Beziehungen, die moderne zypriotische Geschichte sowie fur Kolonialismus und seine Auswirkungen interessiert.Britain played an important role in Cypriot history, society and culture during the last 125 years. Cyprus was a British colony from 1878 to 1960 and during this period many of the features of modern Cypriot society were shaped.Between 1955 and 1959 EOKA, a Greek-Cypriot underground organisation, fought an armed struggle for union of the island with Greece. This conflict resulted also in civil strife between the Greek-Cypriot and Turkish-Cypriot communities and led to the involvement of Greece and Turkey which came to the brink of war over the island. In the end a compromise was found nobody had wished for: independence. Until today Britain is accused of carrying the main responsibility for the emergence and escalation of the Cyprus conflict through a consistent policy of divide and rule.Britain also played an important role in the history of the island after independence. The UK shared together with Greece and Turkey the responsibility for the preservation of the constitutional order and the territorial integrity of the island. Moreover, Britain retained two sovereign military bases as colonial relics.In 1963 the constitutional order of the Republic broke down resulting in renewed armed conflict between the two communities. The unresolved conflict between the Greek and Turkish Cypriots as well as their "mother countries" culminated in a Greek coup d''etat against the Greek Cypriot president Makarios and an ensuing Turkish invasion in 1974, which led to the current division of the island. Britain is accused of having failed to live up to its responsibilities as a Guarantor power. Are all these accusations justified?This book contains the most comprehensive analysis of the relations between Great Britain and Cyprus from 1878 to the present day. More than 40 eminent scholars assess the British role in the emergence and the historical course of the Cyprus problem as well as the British-Cypriot relations after independence.The historical-political analysis is enriched by a number of articles dealing with sociological, anthropological, economic and cultural aspects of British-Cypriot relations.This book is an essential source for anybody interested in British-Cypriot relations, modern Cypriot history as well as Colonialism and Post-Colonialism.ContentsIntroduction: Hubert Faustmann and Nicos Peristianis 7Heinz A Richter The Grand Game, the Balkans, the Congress of Berlin and Cyprus 11Diana Markides Cyprus 1878-1925: Ambiguities and Uncertainties 19Andrekos Varnava "Cyprus is of no use to anybody": The Pawn, 1878-1915 35Mike Hajimichael Revisiting Thomson - The Colonial Eye and Cyprus 61Rebecca Bryant Signatures and ''Simple Ones'': Constituting a Public in Cyprus, circa 1900 79Marios Constantinou Rethinking Max Weber''s Sociology of Domination in Colonial Context: A Micro-Macro Framework for a Theory of Authority Relevant to the Case of Cyprus 99Heinz A Richter Benevolent Autocracy 1931-1945 133Martin Strohmeier "I''d rather have it in Cyprus than nowhere": A Plan for a British University in the Near East (1935-1940) 151Jan Asmussen "Dark-skinned Cypriots will not be accepted!" Cypriots in the British Army 1939-1945 167George H Kelling British Policy in Cyprus 1945-1955. The Pigeons Come Home to Roost 187Evanthis Hatzivassiliou British Strategic Priorities and the Cyprus Question, 1954-1958 199Makarios Drousiotis The Greco-Turkish ''Para-State'' and Cyprus 1947-1960 211Nicos Peristianis The Rise of the Left and of the Intra-Ethnic Cleavage 233Vassilis Protopapas The Rise of a Bi-Polar Party System, Municipal Elections 1940-1955 269Christophoros Christophorou The Emergence of Modern Politics 1940-1960 295Niyazi Kizilyurek The Turkish Cypriots from an Ottoman-Muslim Community to a National Community 315Huseyin Mehmet Atesin The Process of Secularisation of the Turkish Community 1925-1975 327Dimitra Karoulla-Vrikki Language and Ethnicity in Cyprus under the British: A Linkage of Heightened Salience 343Petra Tournay-Theodotou The Empire Writes Back: Anti-Colonial Nationalism in Costas Montis'' Closed Doors and Rodis Roufos'' The Age of Bronze 359Rita C Severis Travelling Artists in Cyprus: Art, Identity and Politics 381Hubert Faustmann Independence Postponed: Cyprus 1959-1960 413Hansjorg Brey The Cypriot Economy under British Rule and the Economic Heritage of the British Period 431Robert Holland The Historiography of Late Colonial Cyprus: Where Do We Go from Here? 445Joseph S Joseph The Political Context and Consequences of the London and Zurich Agreements 453Brendan O''Malley The Impact of British Strategic Interests on the Cyprus Problem 473Claude Nicolet Lack of Concern, Will and Power: British Policy towards Cyprus, 1960-1974 491Klearchos A Kyriakides The Sovereign Base Areas and British Defence Policy Since 1960 511Oliver P Richmond Decolonisation and Post-Independence Causes of Conflict: Mapping the Case of Cyprus 535James Ker-Lindsay The Joint Truce Force in Cyprus, December 1963-March 1964 561Alan James Britain and the Crisis of 1963-1964. The Manifestation of a Special Interest 573Keith Kyle British Policy on Cyprus 1974-2004 583Tim Potier Britain and Cyprus: From Referendum to Reunification? 607DocumentsPeter Loizos HajiMatheos HajiNikolas - A Home-Grown Radical Thinker 631HajiMatheos HajiNikola The Agrarian Class in Cyprus 637George Vassiliou Britain and the EU Accession of Cyprus 653

Download or read book Colonial Cyprus 1878 1960 written by Emilios Solomou and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 375 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Under the Clock written by Kenneth W. Schaar and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book British Colonial Architecture in Cyprus written by Costas Georghiou and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 287 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book British Colonial Architecture in Cyprus written by Costas Georghiou and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 287 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Cyprus the Destruction of a Republic written by Salahi Ramadan Sonyel and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The inter-communal Cyprus problem is at the heart of relations between Greece and Turkey. The United States, Britain and the European Union are urgently pressing for a settlement. The problem stems from events in the 1960s on which important insights are highlighted by recently released British documents, which also reveal the significant parts played by other powers in the decisions that led to the emergence of the Cyprus issue as it is today.

Download or read book Colonial Cyprus written by Emilios A. Solomou and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Colonial Cyprus is an original, innovative and timely study on the cultural history of Cyprus under British rule, offering a new interpretative framework for studying the colonial past of Cyprus. The book focuses on the cultural dimension of the island's colonial experience and demonstrates the crucial, but in this case understudied, significance of culture in Cyprus and how this has affected the current identity of the island. It is the first volume to address different aspects of the island's cultural life from 1878, when the island changed hands from Ottoman to British rule, to 1960 when the Republic of Cyprus came into existence. The book presents a comprehensive survey of culture in colonial Cyprus, covering such aspects as photography, architecture, literature, art, cultural policy, advertisement, fashion, antiquities and archaeology, public gardens, environmental commons, and sports clubs. Individual chapters bring to light previously unpublished source material in Greek and English, written and visual, from state and private archives and collections. Using cross-disciplinary analytical tools - from the fields of imperial and colonial history, politics, cultural studies, media studies, communication studies, and history - this book provides much needed insight into the multi-faceted cultural life of colonial Cyprus"--

Download or read book Peaceful Co existence in Cyprus Under British Rule 1878 1959 and After Independence written by Costas P. Kyrris and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 191 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Cyprus written by William Mallinson and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2005-05-27 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the troubled island of Cyprus, the national interests and rivalries of Greece and Turkey still collide, the population remains divided between the Greek and Turkish communities and the country is still a cat's paw of outside powers - especially the USA and the now resurgent Russia - as it has been since the acquisition of the island by Britain in 1878. Global rivalry between the great powers and Cyprus's vitally strategic position in the Eastern Mediterranean - a 'listening post' in the Cold War and even today - has meant that the populations have never been free to shape their own destinies which have been constantly influenced by great power interests. These are problems that have been brought into sharp focus by Cyprus's entry into the European Union. William Mallinson's book is a fast-moving and incisive narrative history which portrays Cyprus as a continuing source of international tension in the Mediterranean and beyond. It features the latest source material from the recently released National Archive, vivid interviews with key players, even reports which raise awkward and embarrassing questions. His critical eye uncovers the underlying story of American and British involvement in the island's affairs, first as a key territory in Cold War politics with its close proximity to the Middle East and Asia and now as a key asset in the 'war on terror'. Mallinson's new insights and revelations on the period leading up to and following the Turkish invasion in 1974, when Greece and Turkey - both NATO members - were on the brink of war are fascinating and make essential reading. Henry Kissinger is seen to be even more the master puppeteer, pressuring Britain not to give up her bases. Mallinson examines how after the Turkish invasion Kissinger planned the abortive Annan Plan to divide the island and how he regarded the retention of Cyprus as vital for a future solution of the Arab-Israeli problem. For Kissinger Cyprus was the important square on the 'world chequer-board' while British influence continued to decline and her independence in foreign policy was virtually non-existent. Mallinson also explores how Turkey's drive to join the EU will affect not only stability in Cyprus but also the whole region, as Russia's influence in the Balkans and the Eastern Mediterranean expands. So, in William Mallinson's words, 'Cyprus lies [still] at the epicentre of this whole geopolitical merry-go-round'.