Download or read book Between Human and Machine written by David A. Mindell and published by JHU Press. This book was released on 2003-04-30 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Today, we associate the relationship between feedback, control, and computing with Norbert Wiener's 1948 formulation of cybernetics. But the theoretical and practical foundations for cybernetics, control engineering, and digital computing were laid earlier, between the two world wars. In Between Human and Machine: Feedback, Control, and Computing before Cybernetics, David A. Mindell shows how the modern sciences of systems emerged from disparate engineering cultures and their convergence during World War II. Mindell examines four different arenas of control systems research in the United States between the world wars: naval fire control, the Sperry Gyroscope Company, the Bell Telephone Laboratories, and Vannevar Bush's laboratory at MIT. Each of these institutional sites had unique technical problems, organizational imperatives, and working environments, and each fostered a distinct engineering culture. Each also developed technologies to represent the world in a machine. At the beginning of World War II, President Roosevelt established the National Defense Research Committee, one division of which was devoted to control systems. Mindell shows how the NDRC brought together representatives from the four pre-war engineering cultures, and how its projects synthesized conceptions of control, communications, and computing. By the time Wiener articulated his vision, these ideas were already suffusing through engineering. They would profoundly influence the digital world. As a new way to conceptualize the history of computing, this book will be of great interest to historians of science, technology, and culture, as well as computer scientists and theorists. Between Human and Machine: Feedback, Control, and Computing before Cybernetics

Download or read book Cybernetic Revolutionaries written by Eden Medina and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2014-01-10 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A historical study of Chile's twin experiments with cybernetics and socialism, and what they tell us about the relationship of technology and politics. In Cybernetic Revolutionaries, Eden Medina tells the history of two intersecting utopian visions, one political and one technological. The first was Chile's experiment with peaceful socialist change under Salvador Allende; the second was the simultaneous attempt to build a computer system that would manage Chile's economy. Neither vision was fully realized—Allende's government ended with a violent military coup; the system, known as Project Cybersyn, was never completely implemented—but they hold lessons for today about the relationship between technology and politics. Drawing on extensive archival material and interviews, Medina examines the cybernetic system envisioned by the Chilean government—which was to feature holistic system design, decentralized management, human-computer interaction, a national telex network, near real-time control of the growing industrial sector, and modeling the behavior of dynamic systems. She also describes, and documents with photographs, the network's Star Trek-like operations room, which featured swivel chairs with armrest control panels, a wall of screens displaying data, and flashing red lights to indicate economic emergencies. Studying project Cybersyn today helps us understand not only the technological ambitions of a government in the midst of political change but also the limitations of the Chilean revolution. This history further shows how human attempts to combine the political and the technological with the goal of creating a more just society can open new technological, intellectual, and political possibilities. Technologies, Medina writes, are historical texts; when we read them we are reading history.

Download or read book Cybernetics and Computing Technology written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Architecture and Adaptation written by Socrates Yiannoudes and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-01-29 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Architecture and Adaptation discusses architectural projects that use computational technology to adapt to changing conditions and human needs. Topics include kinetic and transformable structures, digitally driven building parts, interactive installations, intelligent environments, early precedents and their historical context, socio-cultural aspects of adaptive architecture, the history and theory of artificial life, the theory of human-computer interaction, tangible computing, and the social studies of technology. Author Socrates Yiannoudes proposes tools and frameworks for researchers to evaluate examples and tendencies in adaptive architecture. Illustrated with more than 50 black and white images.

Download or read book Computers and the Cybernetic Society written by Michael A. Arbib and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-05-10 with total page 513 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Computers and the Cybernetic Society, Second Edition examines the impact of computers on the cybernetic society and covers topics such as expert systems, management applications, and office automation. The idea of a computer program is considered, along with data banks and the movement and storage of information. Advances in computer technology are also discussed. Comprised of nine chapters, this book begins with an assessment of the interaction between computer developments and social pressures. The interplay between the exciting possibilities of computer networking and the social implications of computer technology is highlighted by focusing on planning networks and public information networks. The next two chapters provide a basic understanding of computers and programming by describing key concepts such as computer graphics, networks, microcomputers, and program design. The next five chapters give a comprehensive overview of the impact of computers on the cybernetic society. The final chapter explains how hardware works and describes the circuitry that computers use to execute a program at the level of machine-language instructions. This monograph is intended for both students and instructors in the fields of computer science and cybernetics.

Download or read book Understanding Communications Networks for Emerging Cybernetics Applications written by Kaveh Pahlavan and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-09-01 with total page 543 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Information networking has emerged as a multidisciplinary diversified area of research over the past few decades. From traditional wired telephony to cellular voice telephony and from wired access to wireless access to the Internet, information networks have profoundly impacted our lifestyles as they have undergone enormous growth. To understand this technology, students need to learn several disciplines and develop an intuitive feeling of how they interact with one another. To achieve this goal, the book describes important networking standards, classifying their underlying technologies in a logical manner and gives detailed examples of successful applications.The emergence of wireless access and dominance of the Ethernet in LAN technologies has shifted the innovations in networking towards the physical layer and characteristics of the medium. This book pays attention to the physical layer while we provide fundamentals of information networking technologies which are used in wired and wireless networks designed for local and wide area operations. The book provides a comprehensive treatment of the wired IEEE802.3 Ethernet, and Internet as well as ITU cellular 2G-6G wireless networks, IEEE 802.11 for Wi-Fi, and IEEE 802.15 for Bluetooth, ZigBee and ultra-wideband (UWB) technologies. The novelty of the book is that it places emphasis on physical communications issues related to formation and transmission of packets and characteristics of the medium for transmission in variety of networks.Material presented in the book will be beneficial for students of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Computer Science, Robotics Engineering, Biomedical Engineering, or other disciplines who are interested in integration of navigation into their multi-disciplinary projects. The book provides examples with supporting MATLAB codes and hands-on projects throughout to improve the ability of the readers to understand and implement variety of algorithms.

Download or read book Computer Informatics Cybernetics and Applications written by Xingui He and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-12-01 with total page 1613 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Conference on Computer, Informatics, Cybernetics and Applications 2011 aims to facilitate an exchange of information on best practices for the latest research advances in the area of computer, informatics, cybernetics and applications, which mainly includes computer science and engineering, informatics, cybernetics, control systems, communication and network systems, technologies and applications, others and emerging new topics.

Download or read book Recent Advances in Soft Computing and Cybernetics written by Radek Matoušek and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-02-05 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This monograph is intended for researchers and professionals in the fields of computer science and cybernetics. Nowadays, the areas of computer science and cybernetics (mainly its artificial intelligence branches) are subject to an immense degree of study and are applied in a wide range of technical and industrial projects. The individual chapters of this monograph were developed from a series of invited lectures at the Brno University of Technology in the years 2018 and 2019. The main aim of these lectures was to create an opportunity for students, academics, and professionals to exchange ideas, novel research methods, and new industrial applications in the fields related to soft computing and cybernetics. The authors of these chapters come from around the world and their works cover both new theoretical and application-oriented results from areas such as automation, control, robotics, optimization, statistics, reinforcement learning, image processing, and evolutionary algorithms.

Download or read book Cybernetics and Electronic Computer Technology written by L. P. Kraĭzmer and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Cybernetics and Computing Technology written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 722 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Cybernetics and Mathematics Applications in Intelligent Systems written by Radek Silhavy and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-04-07 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents new methods for and approaches to real-world problems as well as exploratory research describing novel mathematics and cybernetics applications in intelligent systems. It focuses on modern trends in selected fields of technological systems and automation control theory. It also introduces new algorithms, methods and applications of intelligent systems in automation, technological and industrial applications. This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Cybernetics and Mathematics Applications in Intelligent Systems Section of the 6th Computer Science On-line Conference 2017 (CSOC 2017), held in April 2017.

Download or read book USSR Scientific Abstracts Cybernetics Computers and Automation Technology written by and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 768 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Advances in Cybernetics Cognition and Machine Learning for Communication Technologies written by Vinit Kumar Gunjan and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-04-28 with total page 593 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book highlights recent advances in Cybernetics, Machine Learning and Cognitive Science applied to Communications Engineering and Technologies, and presents high-quality research conducted by experts in this area. It provides a valuable reference guide for students, researchers and industry practitioners who want to keep abreast of the latest developments in this dynamic, exciting and interesting research field of communication engineering, driven by next-generation IT-enabled techniques. The book will also benefit practitioners whose work involves the development of communication systems using advanced cybernetics, data processing, swarm intelligence and cyber-physical systems; applied mathematicians; and developers of embedded and real-time systems. Moreover, it shares insights into applying concepts from Machine Learning, Cognitive Science, Cybernetics and other areas of artificial intelligence to wireless and mobile systems, control systems and biomedical engineering.

Download or read book Applied Informatics and Cybernetics in Intelligent Systems written by Radek Silhavy and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-08-07 with total page 650 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book gathers the refereed proceedings of the Applied Informatics and Cybernetics in Intelligent Systems Section of the 9th Computer Science On-line Conference 2020 (CSOC 2020), held on-line in April 2020. Modern cybernetics and computer engineering in connection with intelligent systems are an essential aspect of ongoing research. This book addresses these topics, together with automation and control theory, cybernetic applications, and the latest research trends.

Download or read book Cybernetics or Control and Communication in the Animal and the Machine Reissue of the 1961 second edition written by Norbert Wiener and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2019-10-08 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A classic and influential work that laid the theoretical foundations for information theory and a timely text for contemporary informations theorists and practitioners. With the influential book Cybernetics, first published in 1948, Norbert Wiener laid the theoretical foundations for the multidisciplinary field of cybernetics, the study of controlling the flow of information in systems with feedback loops, be they biological, mechanical, cognitive, or social. At the core of Wiener's theory is the message (information), sent and responded to (feedback); the functionality of a machine, organism, or society depends on the quality of messages. Information corrupted by noise prevents homeostasis, or equilibrium. And yet Cybernetics is as philosophical as it is technical, with the first chapter devoted to Newtonian and Bergsonian time and the philosophical mixed with the technical throughout. This book brings the 1961 second edition back into print, with new forewords by Doug Hill and Sanjoy Mitter. Contemporary readers of Cybernetics will marvel at Wiener's prescience—his warnings against “noise,” his disdain for “hucksters” and “gadget worshipers,” and his view of the mass media as the single greatest anti-homeostatic force in society. This edition of Cybernetics gives a new generation access to a classic text.

Download or read book The Cybernetics Moment written by Ronald R. Kline and published by JHU Press. This book was released on 2015-07-15 with total page 351 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Choice Outstanding Academic Title Cybernetics—the science of communication and control as it applies to machines and to humans—originates from efforts during World War II to build automatic antiaircraft systems. Following the war, this science extended beyond military needs to examine all systems that rely on information and feedback, from the level of the cell to that of society. In The Cybernetics Moment, Ronald R. Kline, a senior historian of technology, examines the intellectual and cultural history of cybernetics and information theory, whose language of “information,” “feedback,” and “control” transformed the idiom of the sciences, hastened the development of information technologies, and laid the conceptual foundation for what we now call the Information Age. Kline argues that, for about twenty years after 1950, the growth of cybernetics and information theory and ever-more-powerful computers produced a utopian information narrative—an enthusiasm for information science that influenced natural scientists, social scientists, engineers, humanists, policymakers, public intellectuals, and journalists, all of whom struggled to come to grips with new relationships between humans and intelligent machines. Kline traces the relationship between the invention of computers and communication systems and the rise, decline, and transformation of cybernetics by analyzing the lives and work of such notables as Norbert Wiener, Claude Shannon, Warren McCulloch, Margaret Mead, Gregory Bateson, and Herbert Simon. Ultimately, he reveals the crucial role played by the cybernetics moment—when cybernetics and information theory were seen as universal sciences—in setting the stage for our current preoccupation with information technologies. "Nowhere in the burgeoning secondary literature on cybernetics in the last two decades is there a concise history of cybernetics, the science of communication and control that helped usher in the current information age in America. Nowhere, that is, until now . . . Readers have in The Cybernetics Moment the first authoritative history of American cybernetics."—Information & Culture "[A]n extremely interesting and stimulating history of the concepts of cybernetics . . . This is a book for everyone to read, relish, and think about."—Choice "As a whole, the book presents a comprehensive in-depth retrospective analysis of the contribution of the American scientific school to the making, formation, and development of cybernetics and information theory. An unquestionable advantage of the book is the skillful use of numerous bibliographic sources by the author that reflect the scientific, engineering, and social significance of the questions being considered, competition of ideas and developments, and also interrelations between scientists."—Cybernetics and System Analysis "Dr. Kline is perhaps uniquely situated to take on so large and complicated [a] topic as cybernetics . . . Readers unfamiliar with Wiener and his work are well advised to start with this well-written and thorough book. Those who are already familiar will still find much that is new and informative in the thorough research and reasoned interpretations."—IEEE History Center "The most comprehensive intellectual history of cybernetics in Cold War America."—Journal of American History "The book will be most valuable as historical background for the large number of disciplines that were involved in the cybernetics moment: computer science, communications engineering, information theory, and the social sciences of sociology and anthropology."—IEEE Technology and Society Magazine "Ronald Kline’s chronicle of cybernetics certainly does what an excellent history of science should do. It takes you there—to the golden age of a new, exciting field. You will almost smell that cigar."—Second-Order Cybernetics "Kline’s The Cybernetics Moment tracks the rise and fall of the cybernetics movement in more detail than any historical account to date."—Los Angeles Review of Books

Download or read book From Newspeak to Cyberspeak written by Slava Gerovitch and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2004-09-17 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, Slava Gerovitch argues that Soviet cybernetics was not just an intellectual trend but a social movement for radical reform in science and society as a whole. Followers of cybernetics viewed computer simulation as a universal method of problem solving and the language of cybernetics as a language of objectivity and truth. With this new objectivity, they challenged the existing order of things in economics and politics as well as in science. The history of Soviet cybernetics followed a curious arc. In the 1950s it was labeled a reactionary pseudoscience and a weapon of imperialist ideology. With the arrival of Khrushchev's political "thaw," however, it was seen as an innocent victim of political oppression, and it evolved into a movement for radical reform of the Stalinist system of science. In the early 1960s it was hailed as "science in the service of communism," but by the end of the decade it had turned into a shallow fashionable trend. Using extensive new archival materials, Gerovitch argues that these fluctuating attitudes reflected profound changes in scientific language and research methodology across disciplines, in power relations within the scientific community, and in the political role of scientists and engineers in Soviet society. His detailed analysis of scientific discourse shows how the Newspeak of the late Stalinist period and the Cyberspeak that challenged it eventually blended into "CyberNewspeak."