Download or read book Proceedings of a Workshop on Deterring Cyberattacks written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2010-10-30 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a world of increasing dependence on information technology, the prevention of cyberattacks on a nation's important computer and communications systems and networks is a problem that looms large. Given the demonstrated limitations of passive cybersecurity defense measures, it is natural to consider the possibility that deterrence might play a useful role in preventing cyberattacks against the United States and its vital interests. At the request of the Office of the Director of National Intelligence, the National Research Council undertook a two-phase project aimed to foster a broad, multidisciplinary examination of strategies for deterring cyberattacks on the United States and of the possible utility of these strategies for the U.S. government. The first phase produced a letter report providing basic information needed to understand the nature of the problem and to articulate important questions that can drive research regarding ways of more effectively preventing, discouraging, and inhibiting hostile activity against important U.S. information systems and networks. The second phase of the project entailed selecting appropriate experts to write papers on questions raised in the letter report. A number of experts, identified by the committee, were commissioned to write these papers under contract with the National Academy of Sciences. Commissioned papers were discussed at a public workshop held June 10-11, 2010, in Washington, D.C., and authors revised their papers after the workshop. Although the authors were selected and the papers reviewed and discussed by the committee, the individually authored papers do not reflect consensus views of the committee, and the reader should view these papers as offering points of departure that can stimulate further work on the topics discussed. The papers presented in this volume are published essentially as received from the authors, with some proofreading corrections made as limited time allowed.

Download or read book Cyber War written by Richard A. Clarke and published by Harper Collins. This book was released on 2010-04-02 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An essential, eye-opening book about cyberterrorism, cyber war, and the next great threat to our national security. “Cyber War may be the most important book about national security policy in the last several years.” –Slate Former presidential advisor and counter-terrorism expert Richard A. Clarke sounds a timely and chilling warning about America’s vulnerability in a terrifying new international conflict. Cyber War is a powerful book about technology, government, and military strategy; about criminals, spies, soldiers, and hackers. It explains clearly and convincingly what cyber war is, and how vulnerable we are as a nation and as individuals to the vast and looming web of cyber criminals. Every concerned American should read this startling and explosive book that offers an insider’s view of White House ‘Situation Room’ operations and carries the reader to the frontlines of our cyber defense. Cyber War exposes a virulent threat to our nation’s security.

Download or read book Inside Cyber Warfare written by Jeffrey Carr and published by "O'Reilly Media, Inc.". This book was released on 2012 with total page 317 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Inside Cyber Warfare provides fascinating and disturbing details on how nations, groups, and individuals throughout the world use the Internet as an attack platform to gain military, political, and economic advantages over their adversaries. You'll discover how sophisticated hackers working on behalf of states or organized crime patiently play a high-stakes game that could target anyone, regardless of affiliation or nationality. The second edition goes beyond the headlines of attention-grabbing DDoS attacks and takes a deep look inside recent cyber-conflicts, including the use of Stuxnet. It also includes a Forward by Michael Chertoff (former Secretary of Homeland Security) and several guest essays, including one by Melissa Hathaway, former senior advisor to the Director of National Intelligence and Cyber Coordination Executive. Get an in-depth look at hot topics including: The role of social networks in fomenting revolution in the Middle East and Northern Africa The Kremlin's strategy to invest heavily in social networks (including Facebook) and how it benefits the Russian government How the U.S. Cyber Command and equivalent commands are being stood up in other countries The rise of Anonymous with analysis of its anti-structure and operational style or tempo Stuxnet and its predecessors, and what they reveal about the inherent weaknesses in critical infrastructure The Intellectual Property (IP) war, and how it has become the primary focus of state-sponsored cyber operations

Download or read book Confronting Cyberespionage Under International Law written by Oğuz Kaan Pehlivan and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-09-03 with total page 105 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We have witnessed a digital revolution that affects the dynamics of existing traditional social, economic, political and legal systems. This revolution has transformed espionage and its features, such as its purpose and targets, methods and means, and actors and incidents, which paves the way for the emergence of the term cyberespionage. This book seeks to address domestic and international legal tools appropriate to adopt in cases of cyberespionage incidents. Cyberespionage operations of state or non-state actors are a kind of cyber attack, which violates certain principles of international law but also constitute wrongful acquisition and misappropriation of the data. Therefore, from the use of force to state responsibility, international law offers a wide array of solutions; likewise, domestic regulations through either specialized laws or general principles stipulate civil and criminal remedies against cyberespionage. Confronting Cyberespionage Under International Law examines how espionage and its applications have transformed since World War II and how domestic and international legal mechanisms can provide effective legal solutions to this change, hindering the economic development and well-being of individuals, companies and states to the detriment of others. It shows the latest state of knowledge on the topic and will be of interest to researchers, academics, legal practitioners, legal advisors and students in the fields of international law, information technology law and intellectual property law.

Download or read book Shadows in the cloud written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although the identity and motivation of the attackers remain unknown, the report is able to determine the location (Chengdu, PRC) as well as some of the associations of the attackers through circumstantial evidence. [...] These characteristics are interpreted in the context of the nature of the targets and the objective of the attack. [...] The nature and timing of the attack, the exploit, the malware, and the command and control infrastructure, are just some of the components that go into determining attribution. [...] Knowing the meth- ods and behaviour of the attackers as well as the character of the tools the attackers use once inside the target's network, the data that the attackers exfiltrate and where that data goes, are also crucial parts of the overall as- sessment (Bejtlich 2010; Cloppert 2009; Mandiant 2010). [...] Moreover, it allows for the investigation of the context surrounding the the target and why the victims may have been targeted in the first place.

Download or read book Cyber Warfare written by James A. Green and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-05-22 with total page 203 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a multi-disciplinary analysis of cyber warfare, featuring contributions by leading experts from a mixture of academic and professional backgrounds. Cyber warfare, meaning interstate cyber aggression, is an increasingly important emerging phenomenon in international relations, with state-orchestrated (or apparently state-orchestrated) computer network attacks occurring in Estonia (2007), Georgia (2008) and Iran (2010). This method of waging warfare – given its potential to, for example, make planes fall from the sky or cause nuclear power plants to melt down – has the capacity to be as devastating as any conventional means of conducting armed conflict. Every state in the world now has a cyber-defence programme and over 120 states also have a cyber-attack programme. While the amount of literature on cyber warfare is growing within disciplines, our understanding of the subject has been limited by a lack of cross-disciplinary engagement. In response, this book, drawn from the fields of computer science, military strategy, international law, political science and military ethics, provides a critical overview of cyber warfare for those approaching the topic from whatever angle. Chapters consider the emergence of the phenomena of cyber warfare in international affairs; what cyber-attacks are from a technological standpoint; the extent to which cyber-attacks can be attributed to state actors; the strategic value and danger posed by cyber conflict; the legal regulation of cyber-attacks, both as international uses of force and as part of an on-going armed conflict, and the ethical implications of cyber warfare. This book will be of great interest to students of cyber warfare, cyber security, military ethics, international law, security studies and IR in general.

Download or read book Surviving Cyberwar written by Richard Stiennon and published by Government Institutes. This book was released on 2010-05-16 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines in depth the major recent cyber attacks that have taken place around the world, discusses the implications of such attacks, and offers solutions to the vulnerabilities that made these attacks possible. Through investigations of the most significant and damaging cyber attacks, the author introduces the reader to cyberwar, outlines an effective defense against cyber threats, and explains how to prepare for future attacks.

Download or read book Cybercrime written by Susan W. Brenner and published by . This book was released on 2012-07-23 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Russia, there are people who earn their living trading in personal information belonging to American citizens. They maintain websites where one can buy names, addresses, and Social Security and credit card numbers. Cybercrime flourishes? Both transnationally and within our own borders. It is time to arm ourselves with the information we need to remain safe. Cybercrime: Criminal Threats from Cyberspace is intended to explain two things: what cybercrime is and why the average citizen should care about it. To accomplish that task, the book offers an overview of cybercrime and an in-depth discussion of the legal and policy issues surrounding it. Enhancing her narrative with real-life stories, author Susan W. Brenner traces the rise of cybercrime from mainframe computer hacking in the 1950s to the organized, professional, and often transnational cybercrime that has become the norm in the 21st century. She explains the many different types of computer-facilitated crime, including identity theft, stalking, extortion, and the use of viruses and worms to damage computers, and outlines and analyzes the challenges cybercrime poses for law enforcement officers at the national and international levels. Finally, she considers the inherent tension between improving law enforcement`s ability to pursue cybercriminals and protecting the privacy of U.S. citizens.

Download or read book Cyberspies written by Gordon Corera and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2016-07-05 with total page 367 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the digital era become increasingly pervasive, the intertwining forces of computers and espionage are reshaping the entire world; what was once the preserve of a few intelligence agencies now affects us all.Corera’s compelling narrative takes us from the Second World War through the Cold War and the birth of the internet to the present era of hackers and surveillance. The book is rich with historical detail and characters, as well as astonishing revelations about espionage carried out in recent times by the UK, US, and China. Using unique access to the National Security Agency, GCHQ, Chinese officials, and senior executives from some of the most powerful global technology companies, Gordon Corera has gathered compelling stories from heads of state, hackers and spies of all stripes.Cyberspies is a ground-breaking exploration of the new space in which the worlds of espionage, diplomacy, international business, science, and technology collide.

Download or read book Cyberespionage 2010 written by Jorge H. Romero and published by . This book was released on 2001-08 with total page 65 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this thesis I will argue that the current status of espionage under international law is applicable in cyberspace. Therefore, there is no need to reinterpret espionage under international law in cyberspace. There is no need for new treaties to regulate or control espionage in cyberspace among nations. At the present time, espionage is legal under international law, or stated in another way, there are no international law prohibitions against espionage. Presently, there is a discussion about the applicability of various areas of the law in cyberspace. One school of thought says that new laws are needed to adapt an area of law into cyberspace. The other school of thought believes that there is no need for new laws - that current principles of laws can be analogized into cyberspace. The first school of thought is led by Professor Lawrence Lessig. The second school of thought is led by Judge Frank Easterbrook. I will argue that Judge Easterbrook's position should be followed in the area of espionage in cyberspace (hereinafter I will refer to this concept as cyberespionage"). Finally, I will examine the consequences of cyberespionage to the present framework of espionage and international law.

Download or read book Cybercrime and Espionage written by Will Gragido and published by Newnes. This book was released on 2011-01-07 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cybercrime and Espionage provides a comprehensive analysis of the sophisticated patterns and subversive multi-vector threats (SMTs) associated with modern cybercrime, cyber terrorism, cyber warfare and cyber espionage. Whether the goal is to acquire and subsequently sell intellectual property from one organization to a competitor or the international black markets, to compromise financial data and systems, or undermine the security posture of a nation state by another nation state or sub-national entity, SMTs are real and growing at an alarming pace. This book contains a wealth of knowledge related to the realities seen in the execution of advanced attacks, their success from the perspective of exploitation and their presence within all industry. It will educate readers on the realities of advanced, next generation threats, which take form in a variety ways. This book consists of 12 chapters covering a variety of topics such as the maturity of communications systems and the emergence of advanced web technology; how regulatory compliance has worsened the state of information security; the convergence of physical and logical security; asymmetric forms of gathering information; seven commonalities of SMTs; examples of compromise and presence of SMTs; next generation techniques and tools for avoidance and obfuscation; and next generation techniques and tools for detection, identification and analysis. This book will appeal to information and physical security professionals as well as those in the intelligence community and federal and municipal law enforcement, auditors, forensic analysts, and CIO/CSO/CISO. Includes detailed analysis and examples of the threats in addition to related anecdotal information Authors’ combined backgrounds of security, military, and intelligence, give you distinct and timely insights Presents never-before-published information: identification and analysis of cybercrime and the psychological profiles that accompany them

Download or read book America the Vulnerable written by Joel Brenner and published by Penguin. This book was released on 2011-09-29 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Now available in a new edition entitled GLASS HOUSES: Privacy, Secrecy, and Cyber Insecurity in a Transparent World. A former top-level National Security Agency insider goes behind the headlines to explore America's next great battleground: digital security. An urgent wake-up call that identifies our foes; unveils their methods; and charts the dire consequences for government, business, and individuals. Shortly after 9/11, Joel Brenner entered the inner sanctum of American espionage, first as the inspector general of the National Security Agency, then as the head of counterintelligence for the director of national intelligence. He saw at close range the battleground on which our adversaries are now attacking us-cyberspace. We are at the mercy of a new generation of spies who operate remotely from China, the Middle East, Russia, even France, among many other places. These operatives have already shown their ability to penetrate our power plants, steal our latest submarine technology, rob our banks, and invade the Pentagon's secret communications systems. Incidents like the WikiLeaks posting of secret U.S. State Department cables hint at the urgency of this problem, but they hardly reveal its extent or its danger. Our government and corporations are a "glass house," all but transparent to our adversaries. Counterfeit computer chips have found their way into our fighter aircraft; the Chinese stole a new radar system that the navy spent billions to develop; our own soldiers used intentionally corrupted thumb drives to download classified intel from laptops in Iraq. And much more. Dispatches from the corporate world are just as dire. In 2008, hackers lifted customer files from the Royal Bank of Scotland and used them to withdraw $9 million in half an hour from ATMs in the United States, Britain, and Canada. If that was a traditional heist, it would be counted as one of the largest in history. Worldwide, corporations lose on average $5 million worth of intellectual property apiece annually, and big companies lose many times that. The structure and culture of the Internet favor spies over governments and corporations, and hackers over privacy, and we've done little to alter that balance. Brenner draws on his extraordinary background to show how to right this imbalance and bring to cyberspace the freedom, accountability, and security we expect elsewhere in our lives. In America the Vulnerable, Brenner offers a chilling and revelatory appraisal of the new faces of war and espionage-virtual battles with dangerous implications for government, business, and all of us.

Download or read book On Cyber Warfare written by Paul Cornish and published by Chatham House Report. This book was released on 2010 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report argues that national strategy must be reviewed and adapted if it is to take proper account of cyber warfare. The report's key findings include: Cyber warfare can enable actors to achieve their political and strategic goals without the need for armed conflict; Cyberspace gives disproportionate power to small and otherwise relatively insignificant actors; Operating behind false IP addresses, foreign servers and aliases, attackers can act with almost complete anonymity and relative impunity, at least in the short term; In cyberspace the boundaries are blurred between the military and the civilian, and between the physical and the virtual; and power can be exerted by states or non-state actors, or by proxy; Cyberspace should be viewed as the 'fifth battlespace', alongside the more traditional arenas of land, air, sea and space. Cyber warfare is best understood as a new but not entirely separate component of this multifaceted conflict environment; The transatlantic relationship is important for a variety of reasons where cyber warfare is concerned. Close cooperation between the United States and the United Kingdom in intelligence and military matters has extended into cyberspace, enabling both states to influence the domain in a way that is difficult, if not impossible, for any other bilateral partnership or alliance to match.

Download or read book Information Technology for Peace and Security written by Christian Reuter and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-03-12 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers an introduction to Information Technology with regard to peace, conflict, and security research, a topic that it approaches from natural science, technical and computer science perspectives. Following an initial review of the fundamental roles of IT in connection with peace, conflict and security, the contributing authors address the rise of cyber conflicts via information warfare, cyber espionage, cyber defence and Darknets. The book subsequently explores recent examples of cyber warfare, including: • The Stuxnet attack on Iran’s uranium refining capability • The hacking of the German Federal Parliament’s internal communication system • The Wannacry malware campaign, which used software stolen from a US security agency to launch ransomware attacks worldwide The book then introduces readers to the concept of cyber peace, including a discussion of confidence and security-building measures. A section on Cyber Arms Control draws comparisons to global efforts to control chemical warfare, to reduce the risk of nuclear war, and to prevent the militarization of space. Additional topics include the security of critical information infrastructures, and cultural violence and peace in social media. The book concludes with an outlook on the future role of IT in peace and security. Information Technology for Peace and Security breaks new ground in a largely unexplored field of study, and offers a valuable asset for a broad readership including students, educators and working professionals in computer science, IT security, peace and conflict studies, and political science.

Download or read book Cybercrime and Espionage written by Will Gragido and published by Syngress Press. This book was released on 2011 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Risks have evolved, We haven't While we stabilize toward checkbox compliance, adversaries and IT accelerate onward, Adversaries know you're compliant---and do not care---they're counting on it. Let's replace faith-based dogma with intellectual honesty, As fellow Cassandras, Will and John confront you with modern threat models and challenge you to adapt".- Joshua Corman, Research Director for Enterprise Security, The 451 Group "During 2010 three specific names signaled a fundamental shift in the risks that come from dealing in an interconnected world: Project Aurora, Stuxnet, and Wikileaks. This book provides the insights of an intelligence analyst on what got us to this point, and forecasts what information security professionals will be dealing with in the near future".- James Turner Advisor, IBRS Cybercrime and Espionage will give you a wealth of knowledge related to the realities seen in the execution of advanced attacks, their success from the perspective of exploitation, and their presence within all industries. This book will educate you on the realities of advanced, next-generation threats, which take form in a variety of ways. The authors, working in conjunction with strategic technology partners, have key insights into the realm of these new threats, dubbed "Subversive Multivector Threats" or SMTs. Whether the goal is to acquire and subsequently sell intellectual property from one organization to a competitor or international black markets, to compromise financial data and systems, or, to undermine the security posture of a nation state by another nation state or subnational entity, these threats are real and growing at an alarming pace.

Download or read book Intercept written by Gordon Corera and published by Weidenfeld & Nicolson. This book was released on 2015-06-25 with total page 476 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The computer was born to spy, and now computers are transforming espionage. But who are the spies and who is being spied on in today's interconnected world? This is the exhilarating secret history of the melding of technology and espionage. Gordon Corera's compelling narrative, rich with historical details and characters, takes us from the Second World War to the internet age, revealing the astonishing extent of cyberespionage carried out today. Drawing on unique access to intelligence agencies, heads of state, hackers and spies of all stripes, INTERCEPT is a ground-breaking exploration of the new space in which the worlds of espionage, geopolitics, diplomacy, international business, science and technology collide. Together, computers and spies are shaping the future. What was once the preserve of a few intelligence agencies now matters for us all.

Download or read book Tallinn Manual on the International Law Applicable to Cyber Warfare written by Michael N. Schmitt and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013-03-07 with total page 303 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The result of a three-year project, this manual addresses the entire spectrum of international legal issues raised by cyber warfare.