Download or read book CVD Synthesis of Carbon Nanostructures and Their Applications as Supports in Catalysis written by Jacques Teddy and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this work, we describe the synthesis, structure, physical properties and some applications in catalysis of previously known carbon allotropes, and recently discovered carbon nanostructure (Chapter I). First, FB-OM-CVD deposition was used for metal or metal oxide deposition on metal oxide supports like alumina or silica, leading to the production of supported catalysts. The resulting material was used as catalyst for catalytic chemical vapor deposition of carbonaceous nanostructures i.e single- and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs, MWCNTs), carbon nanofibers (CNFs), and nitrogen doped carbon nanotubes (N-MWCNTs) and nanofibers (N-CNFs) (Chapter II). After catalyst removal by a H2SO4 or NaOH treatments and carboxylic surface group generation by a HNO3 treatment in the case of MWCNTs and CNFs, the carbon nanostructures were used as supports for heterogeneous catalysis. The hydrogenation of cinnamaldehyde was used as a model reaction to compare the performance of different bimetallic Pt-Ru catalysts as a function of the nature of the support. Detailed parametric studies as well as the effect of a heat treatment on the performance improvement of the Pt-Ru/MWCNT catalyst are presented. An explanation for the increase of performances upon heat treatment will be proposed after HREM, EDX, EXAFS and WAXS characterization of the catalyst (Chapter III). The prepared carbon nanostructures were also tested as supports for Pd based electrocatalysts for direct alkaline fuel cells applications in both cathodes for the ORR reaction and anodes for alcohols oxidation.
Download or read book Carbon and Oxide Nanostructures written by Noorhana Yahya and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-01-12 with total page 413 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume covers all aspects of carbon and oxide based nanostructured materials. The topics include synthesis, characterization and application of carbon-based namely carbon nanotubes, carbon nanofibres, fullerenes, carbon filled composites etc. In addition, metal oxides namely, ZnO, TiO2, Fe2O3, ferrites, garnets etc., for various applications like sensors, solar cells, transformers, antennas, catalysts, batteries, lubricants, are presented. The book also includes the modeling of oxide and carbon based nanomaterials. The book covers the topics: Synthesis, characterization and application of carbon nanotubes, carbon nanofibres, fullerenes Synthesis, characterization and application of oxide based nanomaterials. Nanostructured magnetic and electric materials and their applications. Nanostructured materials for petro-chemical industry. Oxide and carbon based thin films for electronics and sustainable energy. Theory, calculations and modeling of nanostructured materials.
Download or read book Carbon Nanowalls written by Mineo Hiramatsu and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-07-23 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Representing the first text to cover this exciting new area of research, this book will describe synthesis techniques of CNWs, their characterization and various expected applications using CNWs. Carbon-nanowalls (CNWs) can be described as two-dimensional graphite nanostructures with edges comprised of stacks of plane graphene sheets standing almost vertically on the substrate. These sheets form a wall structure with a high aspect ratio. The thickness of CNWs ranges from a few nm to a few tens of nm. The large surface area and sharp edges of CNWs may prove useful for a number of applications such as electrochemical devices, field electron emitters, storage materials for hydrogen gas, catalyst support. In particular, vertically standing CNWs with a high surface-to-volume ratio, serve as an ideal material for catalyst support for fuel cells and in gas storage materials.
Download or read book Synthesis of One Dimensional Carbon Nanostructures written by Ravindra Rajarao and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2012 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the discovery of carbon nanotubes by Sumio Iijima, an intensive research on carbon materials has been carried out. Carbon nanotubes and carbon nanofibers have drawn much attention due to their electronic and mechanical properties. However, because of low production capacity and high production costs at present, their applications cannot be extended until large-scale production is realized. Among the many synthetic methods, chemical vapor deposition method has advantages of high yield, high selectivity and low cost over traditional physical ones such as laser ablation and arc-discharge. High yield synthesis of one dimensional carbon nanostructures is essential for applications. In this book, an economical and environmental friendly route for the scalable production of CNTs and CNFs on easy soluble support has been discussed. The use of synthesized carbon nanotubes as catalyst support for oxidation of alcohols by Schiff base complexes and also as hydrogen storage materials is discussed in detail.
Download or read book Carbon Allotropes Metal Complex Chemistry Properties and Applications written by Boris Ildusovich Kharisov and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-01-02 with total page 798 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a detailed description of metal-complex functionalized carbon allotrope forms, including classic (such as graphite), rare (such as M- or T-carbon), and nanoforms (such as carbon nanotubes, nanodiamonds, etc.). Filling a void in the nanotechnology literature, the book presents chapters generalizing the synthesis, structure, properties, and applications of all known carbon allotropes. Metal-complex composites of carbons are described, along with several examples of their preparation and characterization, soluble metal-complex carbon composites, cost-benefit data, metal complexes as precursors of carbon allotropes, and applications. A lab manual on the synthesis and characterization of carbon allotropes and their metal-complex composites is included. Provides a complete description of all carbon allotropes, both classic and rare, as well as carbon nanostructures and their metal-complex composites; Contains a laboratory manual of experiments on the synthesis and characterization of metal-complex carbon composites; Discusses applications in diverse fields, such as catalysis on supporting materials, water treatment, sensors, drug delivery, and devices.
Download or read book Substrate and Catalyst Design for Chemical Vapor Deposition Synthesis of Carbon Nanotubes on Si Cu and SiC written by Ge Li and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis discussed the design of substrate and catalyst for chemical vapor deposition synthesis of carbon nanotubes (CNT). It was focused on synthesis CNTs on the various substrates, such as Si, Cu and SiC. The research was structured as following: (1) characterization of the Al2O3 buffer layer produced by plasma oxidation in order to find out the its effect on CNT growth; (2) study of the position parameters in CVD system to optimize process condition for manufacturing CNTs; (3) exploring novel composite catalyst alloys; (4) design new substrate for synthesis of vertically aligned CNTs on Cu and SiC for thermal application. Advanced surface analysis techniques were used to explore the role of AI2O3 supporting layer and of the composite catalyst. Although the data is insufficient for coming to a conclusion on the mechanism behind CNT super-growth, the preliminary studies provide guidance for selecting catalyst composite which will allow scaling up CNT production. A series of experiments using two CVD system (ET 1000 & ET 3000) were conducted which allowed for optimize the growth parameter and produce CNT arrays with uniform length. Vertically aligned CNTs arrays were successfully synthesized on copper and SiC substrates by adding supporting layers and adjusting the CVD growth conditions. This achievement engenders a wide range of future application in the field of thermal management.
Download or read book Perspective of Carbon Nanotubes written by Hosam El-Din Saleh and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2019-12-11 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Carbon nanotubes belong to new nanomaterials and have been known for almost 20 years, but their history is somewhat lengthier. They have been identified as promising candidates for various applications.High-temperature preparation techniques are conventional techniques for the synthesis of carbon nanotubes using arc discharge or laser ablation, but today these methods are being replaced by low-temperature vapor deposition techniques, since orientation, alignment, nanotube length, diameter, purity, and density of carbon nanotubes can be precisely controlled. The synthesis of carbon nanotubes by chemical vapor deposition on catalyst arrays leads to nanotube models grown from specific sites on surfaces. The controlled synthesis of nanotubes opens up interesting possibilities in nanoscience and nanotechnologies, including electrical, mechanical and electromechanical properties and devices, chemical functionalization, surface chemistry and photochemistry, molecular sensors, and interfacing with moderate biological systems.Carbon nanotubes are used in many applications due to their unique electrical, mechanical, optical, thermal, and other properties. Conductive and high-strength composite materials, energy saving and energy conversion devices, sensors, visualization of field emissions and sources of radiation, means for storing hydrogen, and nanoscale semiconductor devices, probes, and interconnections are some of the many applications of carbon nanotubes.
Download or read book Nanostructured Carbon Materials for Catalysis written by Philippe Serp and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2015-03-02 with total page 570 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "We heartily recommend this book to all readers who wish to gain a better understanding of nanostructured carbon materials surface properties and used in catalysis." An-Hui Lu, ChemCatChem There is great interest in using nanostructured carbon materials in catalysis, either as supports for immobilizing active species or as metal-free catalysts due to their unique structural, thermal, chemical, electronic and mechanical properties, and tailorable surface chemistry. This book looks at the structure and properties of different doped and undoped nanocarbons including graphene; fullerenes; nanodiamonds; carbon nanotubes and nanofibers; their synthesis and modification to produce catalysts. Special attention is paid to adsorption, as it impacts the application of these materials in various industrially relevant catalytic reactions discussed herein, in addition to photocatalysis and electrocatalysis. Written by leading experts in the area, this is the first book to provide a comprehensive view of the subject for the catalysis community.
Download or read book Chemistry of Carbon Nanostructures written by Klaus Muellen and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2017-06-12 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chemistry of Carbon Nanostructures aims to present the current state-of-the-art synthesis and application of carbon materials like nano diamonds, ribbons and graphene-like structures in science and engineering. Edited by Professor Klaus Müllen, who received the Adolf von Bayer Medal for his contribution to Carbon Chemistry, and Xinliang Feng, this book combines outstanding contributions by a renowned international team of experts. The authors discuss chemical aspects of carbon nanostructures, their synthesis, functionalization and design strategies for defi ned applications. Recent advances in carbon nanomembranes, molecule-assisted ultrasound-induced liquid-phase exfoliation of graphene, and solution synthesis of graphene nanoribbons and biological application of nanodiamonds are highlighted topics. This book provides an excellent reference on the chemistry of carbon nanostructures for Chemists, Materials Scientists, Condensed-matter Physicists, Surface Scientists, and Engineers.
Download or read book Bio derived Carbon Nanostructures written by Bharat Apparao Bhanvase and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2024-08-01 with total page 546 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bio-derived Carbon Nanostructures: Fundamentals, Synthesis and Applications explores the entire journey, from selecting the right source materials to crafting them into precisely engineered carbon nanostructures with a purpose.Opening with an exploration of raw materials and their structural intricacies, offering readers a profound insight into the transformation of bio-based resources into highly functional carbon nanostructures. These remarkable materials find applications that span energy, environmental solutions, catalysis, and innovative additives. Unveiling the latest technological advancements, this book delves into the exciting realm of emerging applications and the challenges of scaling up these technologies for widespread use. These novel materials originate from nature, promising a sustainable future.Ideal for students, researchers and those in industry focusing on materials science and biomass utilization, and chemical engineers, this book is the key to unlocking the potential of novel carbon-based nanomaterials for a sustainable tomorrow. - Presents the art of crafting bio-derived carbon nanostructures, their applications, and scale up issues - Unveils the secrets behind various fabrication techniques and provides background for manufacturing. - Embarks on a journey through the fundamentals of process-property relationships and cutting-edge characterization methods - Explores and compares diverse preparation and characterization techniques, unveiling their remarkable outcomes
Download or read book Carbon Nanostructured Materials written by Alexander Khovavko and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 163 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Synthesis of Carbon Nanotubes by Chemical Vapor Deposition and Processing of Epoxy Nanocomposites written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 399 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Carbon nanotubes (CNT) constitute a new class of materials discovered in 1991 by Sumio Iijima that present unusual mechanical, electrical and thermal properties. Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) is the most promising synthesis route for producing large quantities of carbon nanotubes at a low cost. The first part of this thesis focuses on surface synthesis of high purity aligned carbon nanotubes using the CVD technique. High purity single wall and multi wall carbon nanotubes were grown using different substrates and catalysts. The substrates include non porous silicon substrates, porous silicon substrates, stainless steel substrates, stainless steel wires, and silicon cantilevers. The catalysts include molybdenum supported cobalt and alumina supported iron liquid catalysts, and iron and molybdenum catalysts deposited using e-beam evaporation and photolithographic techniques. Vertically aligned single wall and multi wall carbon nanotube forests were grown using the Easy Tube nanofurnace based on the CVD mechanism. The maximum length of the nanotubes grown was almost one millimeter and the diameters ranged from 1 to 100 nanometers. The nanotubes have a large surface area to volume ratio and a high electrochemical sensitivity. These properties may be useful for many applications such as reinforcing polymer composites, drug delivery, biomedical implants, neural imaging, development of biosensors for cancer detection, and other medical applications such as sensing and treating disorders like Epilepsy, Parkinson's disease, and Alzheimer's disease. Since nanotubes are proposed to be used for many biomedical applications, it becomes very important to understand the hazards of nanotubes and nanotechnology. Hence this thesis also presents a short overview of the toxicity of nanotubes. Carbon nanotube and nanofiber reinforced polymer composites have received tremendous amount of attention due to their interesting mechanical, electrical and thermal properties and potential applications. These composites potentially offer high stiffness, high strength, low electrical resistivity, dimensional stability, and light weight. Harnessing the unique physical properties of carbon nanostructures in materials applications has yet to be fully realized. The second part of this thesis mainly deals with improving the properties of composites using carbon nanofibers as fillers in an epoxy matrix. The single most important factor influencing use of carbon nanofibers as reinforcing fibers in polymer composites is their ability to effectively transfer the applied load in the matrix. The effective utilization of nanofibers in composites for structural applications depends strongly on the ability to disperse the nanofibers homogeneously in the matrix without damaging them. To be successfully used for enhancing the properties of composites, good interfacial bonding is required to achieve load transfer across the nanofiber-polymer interface. Hence, two main problems which arise in improving the properties are poor dispersion of the fibers in the composite and weak bonding between fibers and the matrix. These problems are attacked in this thesis by mechanical and chemical means. Solvent free functionalization, controlled sonication, high speed shear mixing at elevated temperatures, and high pressure casting are used to exfoliate the nanofibers in the epoxy. Pyrograf and CleanTech carbon nanofibers, which are similar to large diameter multi-wall carbon nanotubes, were used as filler materials in processing of composites. Incorporating 5 percentage by weight Pyrograf carbon nanofibers resulted in improvement of stiffness of the composite by about 45 percentage by weight and incorporating 5 percentage by weight CleanTech carbon nanofibers resulted in improvement of stiffness of the composite by 20 percentage by weight when compared to plain epoxy with out any nanofibers.
Download or read book Synthesis Technology and Applications of Carbon Nanomaterials written by Suraya Abdul Rashid and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2018-10-10 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Synthesis, Technology and Applications of Carbon Nanomaterials explores the chemical properties of different classes of carbon nanomaterials and their major applications. As carbon nanomaterials are used for a variety of applications due to their versatile properties and characteristics, this book discusses recent advances in synthesis methods, characterization, and applications of 0D -3D dimensional carbon nanomaterials. It is an essential resource for readers focusing on carbon nanomaterials research. - Explores the chemical properties of different classes of carbon nanomaterials and their major applications - Discusses recent advances in synthesis methods, characterization, and applications of 0D -3D dimensional carbon nanomaterials
Download or read book Carbon Nanomaterials in Hydrogenation Catalysis written by Edward Furimsky and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2019-03-22 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hydrogenation is a key reaction in both the food and petrochemical industries, where it is used to reduce carbon–carbon double bonds. Without a catalyst, hydrogenation reactions require extreme temperatures to occur, meaning catalysts are essential for the reaction to be industrially useful. During the past decade, the properties of many carbon nanomaterials that are relevant to hydrogenation catalysis have been described, including carbon nanotubes (CNTs), carbon nanofibers (CNFs), carbon nanohorns (CNHs), graphene oxide (GO), reduced graphene oxides (rGO) and fullerenes, that are relevant to hydrogenation catalysis, have been described. For many of these the production methods have advanced to the commercial stage. Numerous studies on the development of catalysts on carbon nano-supports have appeared in the scientific literature and these catalysts have shown remarkable activity and specificity. Carbon Nanomaterials in Hydrogenation Catalysis is a valuable reference for researchers and chemical engineers working on improving hydrogenation processes and those interested in applications for carbon nanomaterials. Covering their production, modification and applications as a catalyst support this book provides an in-depth review of the current state-of-the art in using carbon nanomaterials for hydrogenation reactions.
Download or read book Catalytic Chemical Vapor Deposition Synthesis of Carbon Nanotubes from Methane on SiO Supported Fe and Fe Ni Catalysts written by Ayako Nakagawa and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Influences of operating conditions on the production of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were studied using Fe and Fe-Ni bimetallic catalysts supported on silicon monoxide (SiO). The catalysts were prepared in three steps: (1) impregnation of SiO powders with ferric nitride or combinations of ferric and nickel nitrides, (2) oxidation of nitrides in an air stream, and (3) grinding the powders obtained. CNTs were successfully synthesized by catalytic CVD using NH3/CH4 mixtures in a horizontal tubular flow reactor. The following process parameters were varied to investigate their effects on the growth rates of CNTs. The morphologies of catalysts and product CNTs were observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The particle size of SiO, metal composition, metal loading, temperature for catalyst oxidation, extent of grinding of catalysts, NH3 pretreatment time, reaction temperature for CNT growth, reaction time, and NH3/CH4 feed ratio. Two different average sizes of SiO particles, 8 [mu]m and 44 [mu]m, were compared based on the growth of CNTs in 5 min. Catalysts supported on 44 [mu]m average sized SiO particles demonstrated higher yields when they were not pretreated in an NH3 stream. When 1 wt% Fe was loaded, aligned CNTs were formed, and a highest growth rate per unit mass of catalyst was observed. The range of oxidation temperature to achieve highest catalyst activities depended on metals and metal contents: 600 - 750°C for 1 wt% Fe, 450 - 600°C for 3 wt% Fe, and 750 - 900°C for Fe-Ni. Grinding catalysts for at least 3 minutes increased the growth rate of CNTs by approximately 40 percent. The growth of CNTs was enhanced when no NH3 pretreatment of catalysts was carried out, regardless of metals and metal contents. However, CNTs did not grow appreciably from methane without ammonia. An NH3/CH4 feed ratio of 0.15 - 0.25 was observed to yield highest growth rates. The reaction temperature to achieve highest CNT growth rates was found to be in the range between 990 and 1000 °C. The growth of CNTs was not linear but decreased with reaction time.
Download or read book Novel Carbon Materials and Composites written by Xin Jiang and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-05-28 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Connects knowledge about synthesis, properties, and applications of novel carbon materials and carbon-based composites This book provides readers with new knowledge on the synthesis, properties, and applications of novel carbon materials and carbon-based composites, including thin films of silicon carbide, carbon nitrite, and their related composites. It examines the direct bottom-up synthesis of the carbon-based composite systems and their potential applications, and discusses the growth mechanism of the composite structures. It features applications that range from mechanical, electronic, chemical, biochemical, medical, and environmental to functional devices. Novel Carbon Materials and Composites: Synthesis, Properties and Applications covers an overview of the synthesis, properties, and applications of novel carbon materials and composites. Especially, it covers everything from chemical vapor deposition of silicon carbide films and their electrochemical applications to applications of various novel carbon materials for the construction of supercapacitors to chemical vapor deposition of diamond/silicon carbide composite films to the covering and fabrication processes of nanodot composites. Looks at the recent progress and achievements in the fields of novel carbon materials and composites, including thin films of silicon carbide, carbon nitrite, and their related composites Discusses the many applications of carbon materials and composites Focuses on the hot topic of the fabrication of carbon-based composite materials and their abilities to extend the potential applications of carbon materials Published as a title in the new Wiley book series Nanocarbon Chemistry and Interfaces. Novel Carbon Materials and Composites: Synthesis, Properties and Applications is an important book for academic researchers and industrial scientists working in the fabrication and application of carbon materials and carbon-based composite materials and related fields.
Download or read book Carbon Nanomaterials written by Rakesh Behari Mathur and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-12-19 with total page 259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study of nanostructures has become, in recent years, a theme common to many disciplines, in which scientists and engineers manipulate matter at the atomic and molecular level in order to obtain materials and systems with significantly improved properties. Carbon nanomaterials have a unique place in nanoscience owing to their exceptional thermal, electrical, chemical, and mechanical properties, finding application in areas as diverse as super strong composite materials, energy storage and conversion, supercapacitors, smart sensors, targeted drug delivery, paints, and nanoelectronics. This book is the first to cover a broad spectrum of carbon nanomaterials, namely carbon nanofibers, vapor-grown carbon fibers, different forms of amorphous nanocarbons besides carbon nanotubes, fullerenes, graphene, graphene nanoribbons, graphene quantum dots, etc. in a single volume.
