Download or read book Currency Convertibility in Transforming Economies written by Richard N. Cooper and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Currency Convertibility and the Transformation of Centrally Planned Economies written by Mr.Joshua E. Greene and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1991-03-15 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper examines the problems in establishing currency convertibility- and the optimal timing- in formerly planned economies making the transition to market-oriented systems.
Download or read book Currency Convertibility written by Patrick Collins and published by Springer. This book was released on 1985-06-18 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Currency Convertibility in Eastern Europe written by John Williamson and published by Peterson Institute for International Economics. This book was released on 1991 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Establishment of convertible currencies is one of the chief goals of economic reform in Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union. However, convertibility relates closely to the entirety of a country's reform strategy and there are a number of possible paths to its achievement. This study analyzes the issue in the Eastern European context, reviews the history of efforts elsewhere to achieve convertibility and recommends preferred courses of action. In particular, it considers the relative merits of "shock" programmes, including immediate national declarations of convertibility and the more gradual approach adopted by the Western European nations (via regional institutions), and Japan after World War II.
Download or read book Integrating Eastern Europe into the Global Economy written by J.M. Van Brabant and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is designed as a modest contribution to the ongoing deliberations about how to ease the fairly tight constraints on the external payments of many countries of the eastern part of Europe. In the fIrst instance, this inquiry is addressed to those that have embarked on wide-ranging systemwide reforms. External constraints have been markedly hampering the introduction of market oriented economic mutations, thereby raising the cost of transition far above levels expected at the outset of the present wave of uniquely restructuring the countries involved. I explore here several angles of this discussion. But three stand out. One is the disintegration of the postwar framework for economic cooperation in that part of the world. Another is the disarray brought about by incisive economic transformations in the area. Finally, various national, regional, and international interest groups are at work there, hoping to mold somehow the drift of the reform, or at least key components thereof, in their own "image. " In the process it is often forgotten, as Ralf Dahrendorf (1990, p. 41) so pointedly remarked that "[ a]ll systems mean serfdom, including the . natural' system of a total . market order' in which no one tries to do anything other than guard certain rules of the game discovered by a mysterious sect of economic advisers.
Download or read book Transforming the Czech Economy written by Stanislava Janáčková and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Rise of Public and Private Digital Money written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2021-07-29 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Following the companion paper on the new policy challenges related to the adoption of digital forms of money, this paper presents an operational strategy for the IMF to continue delivering on its mandate of ensuring domestic and international financial and economic stability. The paper begins by summarizing the forces driving the adoption of digital forms of money, and the new policy questions that emerge. It then focusses on how the IMF’s core activities and output will need to evolve, including surveillance, capacity development, and analytical foundations. It ends by discusses how the IMF intends to partner with other organization, and to grow and structure internal resources to fulfill this vision.
Download or read book The Rise of Digital Money written by Mr.Tobias Adrian and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2019-07-15 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper marks the launch of a new IMF series, Fintech Notes. Building on years of IMF staff work, it will explore pressing topics in the digital economy and be issued periodically. The series will carry work by IMF staff and will seek to provide insight into the intersection of technology and the global economy. The Rise of Digital Money analyses how technology companies are stepping up competition to large banks and credit card companies. Digital forms of money are increasingly in the wallets of consumers as well as in the minds of policymakers. Cash and bank deposits are battling with so-called e-money, electronically stored monetary value denominated in, and pegged to, a currency like the euro or the dollar. This paper identifies the benefits and risks and highlights regulatory issues that are likely to emerge with a broader adoption of stablecoins. The paper also highlights the risks associated with e-money: potential creation of new monopolies; threats to weaker currencies; concerns about consumer protection and financial stability; and the risk of fostering illegal activities, among others.
Download or read book Rethinking the International Monetary System written by Jane Sneddon Little and published by University Press of the Pacific. This book was released on 1999 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: According to a recent World Bank study, the Asian crisis led to a significant rise in poverty and sharp declines in middle-class living standards in the countries most affected. Real public spending on health and education fell, with poor households experiencing the largest declines in access to these services. The impact of decreased investment in human capital will have consequences for individuals and whole societies for years to come. Because these external shocks occurred very shortly after these countries had liberalized their capital markets, they have engendered a growing distrust of globalization in many parts of the world. We owe it to the people of the developing countries, as well as to ourselves, to consider how institutional or policy changes could moderate such setbacks in the future. For all these reasons, this conference seemed a good time to pause and consider the implications of recent events, institutional changes, and new research for the evolution of the international monetary system. Representing frontline countries and frontline institutions, many of the conference participants had struggled firsthand with the dilemmas posed by the recent crises. Thus, they brought unique perspectives on the issues and offered thoughtful observations and useful ideas that could improve the workings of the international monetary system. It is our hope that this publication of their views will stimulate further discussion, research and, more than partial implementation.
Download or read book Lessons from the Economic Transition written by Salvatore Zecchini and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-12-01 with total page 598 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An attentive reader embarking on this book might wonder what "the" economic transition to which the title refers might be. In this century almost all countries have gone through periods of economic transition; but which period of economic history can claim to embody the notion or to represent the era of "the" transition? Definitely, no country or group of countries has experienced anything comparable to the economic upheavals that the fall of communism has brought about in a large portion of the world in just three years (1989 to 1991). No other "transition" to date has prompted more interest and more studies among economists, academics and policy-makers than has the transformation of centrally planned economies into market-based systems. It is this transformation that has come to define "the" transition. Early in the transformation process (in November 1990), with the support of the Centre for Co-operation with the Economies in Transition (CCET), I launched a conference to examine the challenges faced by these countries. About six years have gone by and a new economic landscape has emerged in that part of the world. The difficulties in transforming these economies have exceeded all expectations, and economic performances have varied considerably across countries. The time has come, therefore, to make a first evaluation of progress and problems, with a view to extracting useful policy lessons to guide policy-makers in successfully completing the transition in the near future.
Download or read book The Transformation of the Communist Economies written by Ha-Joon Chang and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-07-27 with total page 447 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The mainstream view of the way in which best to transform the communist economies was that there should be a rapid transition to a free market economy and political democracy. The articles in this book challenge this view. They do so from the standpoint of economic and political theory, and from an evaluation of the comparative experience of different reforming countries in Europe and Asia. This book represents the first systematic attempt to try to explain the dramatic contrast in outcome between reforming countries that have pursued comprehensive system reform and those that have pursued cautious, experimental strategies.
Download or read book The Romanian Economic Reform Program written by Mr.Dimitri G. Demekas and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1991-06-15 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper outlines the main characteristics and the development of the centrally planned economic sysetm in Romania before the beginnings of the transition to a market eonomy it then presents the design, objectives, and implementation of the reform program.
Download or read book Virtual Currencies and Beyond written by Mr.Dong He and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2016-01-20 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New technologies are driving transformational changes in the global financial system. Virtual currencies (VCs) and the underlying distributed ledger systems are among these. VCs offer many potential benefits, but also considerable risks. VCs could raise efficiency and in the long run strengthen financial inclusion. At the same time, VCs could be potential vehicles for money laundering, terrorist financing, tax evasion and fraud. While risks to the conduct of monetary policy seem less likely to arise at this stage given the very small scale of VCs, risks to financial stability may eventually emerge as the new technologies become more widely used. National authorities have begun to address these challenges and will need to calibrate regulation in a manner that appropriately addresses the risks without stifling innovation. As experience is gained, international standards and best practices could be considered to provide guidance on the most appropriate regulatory responses in different fields, thereby promoting harmonization and cooperation across jurisdictions.
Download or read book Entrepreneurs and the Transformation of the Global Economy written by Anthony P. Ellison and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2002-01-01 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Anthony Ellison cuts through conventional neo-classical interpretations to expose the indispensable contribution of entrepreneurs in driving the market process and, in particular, in accomplishing the deregulation of the transportation, trade, telecommunications and financial regimes both in North America and across the globe. Entrepreneurs have an important role in any economy but the author argues that they have played a crucial part in shaping the contemporary global market. This book situates the emergence of the contemporary global market economy within an historical context.
Download or read book Political And Economic Transformation In East Central Europe written by Hanspeter Neuhold and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-05-28 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is an examination of the progress that Croatia, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Slovakia and Slovenia have made in the process of transformation since the collapse of the Soviet bloc. Looking at issues such as democratization, the transition to a market economy and the new orientations in foreign policy, this book provides a report of th
Download or read book EU Enlargement and its Macroeconomic Effects in Eastern Europe written by H. Gabrisch and published by Springer. This book was released on 1999-01-29 with total page 245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What will joining the EU mean for the new Eastern member states and their economies? This book offers a detailed study of the macroeconomic and structural adjustment burden. It envisages a real currency appreciation stemming from price convergence, capital inflows and weak structural change. The widespread belief that an Eastern enlargement of the Union would be overwhelmingly to the detriment of the present EU (budgetary costs, locational decisions, trade deficits) is rejected. The authors discuss the lack of competitiveness of Eastern countries and their need for structural adjustments (in the financial sector, in agriculture, and in manufacturing) in order for them to survive and thrive in their new economic environment.
Download or read book Currency Convertibility written by Barry Eichengreen and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2005-07-28 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book leading economists and economic historians look at the history of the international monetary system, in particular the workings of the gold standard, to examine the implications for international monetary relations.
