Download or read book Currency Boards for Developing Countries written by Steve H. Hanke and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Currency Boards How a Currency Board Works written by Raffaele Nostitz and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2009-05 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essay from the year 2009 in the subject Economics - Monetary theory and policy, grade: 2,3, Free University of Berlin, course: International Monetary Relations, language: English, abstract: "Stability might not be everything, but without stability everything is nothing." This quote of the former federal minister for economics and finance in Germany leads directly to the reason for the installation of a currency board. Stability of the monetary system means the achievement of three objectives: a fixed exchange rate system to alleviate the calculations for international trade, free capital movement to ensure the convertibility of currencies, and a monetary policy that can address independently domestic concerns like inflation or unemployment. Unfortunately, it is impossible to achieve all three objectives at the same time. This goal conflict is often called "triangle of impossibility" or "impossible trinity" in the international economics literature. If a country's decision is to fix the exchange rate to a selected currency, a currency board would be one of the possible instruments. In this essay, first there will be taken a short look at how a currency board works and what the political meanings and consequences are. Afterwards, a short analysis of the currency board-like system that has been installed in Argentina from 1991 to 2002 leads to the drawbacks and opportunities of currency boards.
Download or read book Currency Board Arrangements written by Mr.Charles Enoch and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1997-09-05 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the attractions and disadvantages of currency board arrangements in their various institutional configurations. It asks what defines a currency board arrangement, what are their strengths and weaknesses, and what constraints they place on macroeconomic policies. It also reviews country experiences with these arrangements.
Download or read book Currency Boards written by Adam Bennett and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1994-09 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper discusses some of the issues that concern the operation of currency boards, by comparison to conventional exchange rate pegs, and looks at the experiences of three examples of this type of arrangement: Argentina (from 1991), Hong Kong (from 1983) and Estonia (from 1992). In all three cases, the implementation of currency boards or equivalent arrangements played a significant role in their successful stabilization programs. Currency boards derive their strength from the fact that they severely constrain the policy maker’s room for manoeuvre, by comparison to conventional pegs. They generally require an even stricter and less forgiving attitude to bank failure, wage and price rigidities and other disturbances than do exchange rate pegs in general. This is a Paper on Policy Analysis and Assessment and the author(s) would welcome any comments on the present text. Citations should refer to a Paper on Policy Analysis and Assessment of the international Monetary Fund mentioning the author(s) and the date of issuance. The views expressed are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent those of the Fund.
Download or read book Currency Board System written by and published by Board of Commissioners of Currency Singapore. This book was released on 1997 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book What Role for Currency Boards written by John Williamson and published by Peterson Institute for International Economics. This book was released on 1995 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explains what a currency board is and how it differs from a central bank. Examines the advantages and disadvantages of each type of arrangement.
Download or read book Currency Boards and External Shocks written by Guillermo Perry and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1997-01-01 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Currency boards are institutions that replace central banks and ensure that a country's currency can be purchased at a given price (or exchange rate) upon demand, thus imposing a fixed exchange rate on international transactions. These systems have their advantages--they prohibit the use of liberal monetary policies that lead to high inflation--but they can also limit the ability of an economy to react to changes in international economic conditions if foreign currency reserves are depleted. Such threats to the stability of the financial sector may stem from economic events that originate outside the national economy (external shocks), such as the fallout from the Mexican peso devaluation in late 1994. This paper presents the proceedings of a World Bank roundtable discussion held in 1996 to examine the impact of external shocks and to address the challenges countries face when operating under a currency-board system of currency exchange, with a particular emphasis on how certain costs can be minimized while maximizing the gains. Special attention is given to the currency-board systems in Argentina and Hong Kong.
Download or read book The Stability of Currency Boards written by Kai Stukenbrock and published by Peter Lang Pub Incorporated. This book was released on 2004 with total page 237 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 1990s saw a revival of the currency board system, and proponents have advocated it as an easy-to-set-up exchange rate arrangement providing effective stabilization of the economy. However, the experience of Argentina has highlighted the risks of having a currency board. This study presents both the potential benefits, as well as the risks, of having a currency board by examining the stability of the currency board arrangement and identifying factors affecting the stability. The analysis is based on second-generation currency crisis models, extended to incorporate currency-board specific features and to account for particular aspects often found in currency-board economies.
Download or read book Proceedings of a Conference on Currency Substitution and Currency Boards written by Nissan Liviatan and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1993-01-01 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Eighteen well-known policymakers and economists discuss the rising use of currency substitution in Latin America. They examine the effects of currency boards on substitute currencies and on national stabilization programs. Latin American countries including Argentina, Bolivia, Peru, and Uruguay increasingly use dollars as a substitute for domestic currency. The experts debate whether the region should encourage or resist this trend. Topics include the effects of substitution on inflation, liquidity, and exchange rates. The discussions on Argentina, Peru, and Brazil focus on the ways in which currency boards have affected stabilization in these countries. They consider whether such boards can strengthen fiscal discipline and speed economic adjustment. A currency board issues money that is converted into a foreign reserve currency at a fixed exchange rate. This independent institution takes over the central bank's role as the sole issuer of base money. It also manages the exchange rate to keep the currency stable and convertible.
Download or read book Currency Boards written by Atish R. Ghosh and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Russian Currency and Finance written by Steve H. Hanke and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2005-08-18 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the new Russian state struggles with the transition to a market economy, the need for radical monetary reform becomes increasingly urgent. The choice of reform is crucial, for it will largely determine Russia's future economic performance. In order to break free of the lingering effects of Soviet central planning, the new Russian state needs a stable, convertible currency. Steve H. Hanke, Lars Jonung and Kurt Schuler propose that Russia establishes a currency board which would issue a Russian currency fully convertible with international currency, backed 100 per cent by international bonds. The international community would aid in establishing the currency board by providing the initial reserves. Early supplies of this new Russian currency would be distributed free to Russian citizens. The authors give detailed explanations of how the currency board could be established and how it would work.
Download or read book Currency Board Arrangements Rationale for Their Introduction Advantages and Disadvantages written by Svetoslav Pintev and published by diplom.de. This book was released on 2003-03-18 with total page 81 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Inhaltsangabe:Abstract: Currency board arrangements, under which domestic currency can be issued only to the extent that it is fully covered by the central bank s holdings of foreign exchange, were long generally dismissed as throwbacks to the colonial era. It was argued that such a rigid, rule-based arrangement was not well suited to diversified economies in many of which the authorities had developed sophisticated skills in monetary management. Instead, currency boards were seen as desirable in very small open economies (such as city-states for example). In 1960, 38 countries or territories were operating under a currency board. By 1970, they were 20 and, by the late 1980s, only 9. In the last decade the interest for Currency Board Arrangement (hereinafter CBA) renewed because of its simplicity, transparency, and rule-bound character. It became evident after the successful efforts made by two transition economies-Estonia and Lithuania-which quickly managed to achieve credibility for their newly established currencies. In 1997, a currency board arrangement was introduced in Bulgaria to end the economic crisis. Soon after, Bosnia and Herzegovina followed. In 1998 there have been discussions on establishing a currency board arrangement in Russia. More recently the newly appointed Finance Minister of Poland initiated a debate on pegging the Polish zloty to the euro through a CBA. This paper previews the history of the colonial and modern currency boards and presents the benefits of such a system for the newly emerged transition economies in Eastern Europe and Bulgaria especially. First, we will present a brief description of the currency board system. Currency Board Arrangements after falling into oblivion during much of the post-war period, staged a remarkable comeback mainly in Central and Eastern Europe countries. Estonia, Lithuania, Bulgaria and Bosnia and Herzegovina have introduced this particular monetary framework and as a result have managed to break inflationary inertia, to bolster the credibility of the monetary authorities and to instill macroeconomic discipline. Inhaltsverzeichnis:Table of Contents: I.Introduction 1.What is a currency board? 2.What a currency board is not? II.Origins of the Currency Board 1.Intellectual origin of the currency board system 2.Early Currency Board Systems 3.Decline of the Currency Board system. Reasons 4.Currency board system in nowadays III.Currency Board system and Countries in [...]
Download or read book Hong Kong s Money written by Tony Latter and published by Hong Kong University Press. This book was released on 2007-08-01 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since 1983 Hong Kong has pegged its currency to the US dollar through a currency board system that is unique among the world's advanced economies. In this first comprehensive book about Hong Kong's monetary system, Tony Latter draws on his considerable experience in central banking generally, and with the Hong Kong Monetary Authority in particular, to give a detailed account of how the system operates; why it was introduced; what are the important differences from other monetary regimes; and how it has performed. After a brief overview of Hong Kong's currency board system, two chapters explain the key features of mainstream monetary policy as practised in most economies and how the currency board differs. Then three chapters deal with the history of money in Hong Kong from the mid-1930s, describing the salient events and changes of the period up to the 1983 crisis and the consequent re-adoption of the currency board. Descriptions of the functioning of the system after 1983 and its evolution to the present day then follow. The book concludes with assessments of the performance of the currency board since 1983 and of the Hong Kong economy more widely. This book is designed both to inform lay readers and to provide substance for monetary economists. Given the key role of monetary policy in providing a stable foundation for a strong economy, the book is of importance for all business people in Hong Kong, while the more analytical sections provide essential reading for all students of economics.
Download or read book Currency Boards for Developing Nations written by Stephanie Shwiff and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Currency Boards in Retrospect and Prospect written by Holger C. Wolf and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2008 with total page 279 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Employing economic theory, cross-country empirical comparison and case studies, this work analyses the effect of currency boards on inflation, output growth and macroeconomic performance. The case studies come from Argentina, Estonia Lithuania, Bulgaria and Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Download or read book Making a Currency Board Operational written by C. Enoch and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Making a Currency Board Operational written by Charles Enoch and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
