Download or read book Cross Talk between Lymph Node Lymphatic Endothelial Cells and T Cells in Inflammation and Cancer written by Sonia Elhadad and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2017-12-06 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lymphocytes constantly survey the lymph nodes in search for potential infection by a pathogen. They enter the afferent lymphatic vessel that serves as a conduit to transport the motile lymphocytes to the draining lymph node. Lymphatic vessels (LVs) are present in most vascularized tissues. They are traditionally regarded as passive conduits for soluble antigens and leukocytes. Afferent LVs begin as blind ended capillaries, which give rise to collecting vessels that merge and connect with draining lymph nodes (dLNs). Initial lymphatic capillaries are composed of Lymphatic Endothelial Cells (LECs) connected by discontinuous cell junctions, which join to form larger collecting lymphatic vessels, and ultimately feed into the LN subcapsular sinus. Within the LN, LECs are localized to the subcapsular, cortical, and medullary sinuses, where they interact with incoming and exiting leukocytes. LECs, and in general LN stromal cells, have emerged in the recent years as active players in the immune response. In support to this,studies have shown that the immune response generated during inflammation and under pathologic conditions is accompanied by modeling of the LVs and generation of new lymphatics, a process known as lymphangiogenesis. These facts strongly suggest that LECs and stromal LN cells in general, are not inert players but rather are part of the immune response by organizing immune cells movement, exchanging information and supplying survival factors. The purpose of this research topic is to review the role of the LECs during immune homeostasis and cancer. Considering the critical role of lymphangiogenesis in many pathologies like chronic and acute inflammation, autoimmunity, wound healing, graft rejection, and tumor metastasis, it is important to understand the molecular mechanisms that govern the cross talks between the LECs and immune cells during homeostasis and inflammation.
Download or read book Proteases and Cancer written by Santiago Cal and published by Humana Press. This book was released on 2018-01-10 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume explores the role of proteases in various catalytic classes and cellular processes associated with cancer. The chapters in this book cover topics such as encoding proteolytic enzymes, cleavage sites of proteases, functional catalytic domains of MMPs, zymography, angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis, genetic and epigenetic alterations of metallopeptidases, and methods to target metalloproteinases. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Comprehensive and cutting edge, Proteases and Cancer: Methods and Protocols is a valuable resource for clinical researchers across numerous fields such as molecular and cellular biology, oncology, biochemistry, and chemistry. This book is also useful for PhD students in the various disciples of health sciences.
Download or read book Atlas of Lymphoscintigraphy and Sentinel Node Mapping written by Giuliano Mariani and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-23 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although lymphoscintigraphy was originally introduced into clinical routine for identification of the cause of peripheral edema, more recently it has been widely applied for radioguided biopsy of the sentinel lymph node in patients with solid cancers. The procedure is now considered crucial for adequate planning of oncologic surgery in a growing number of cancers. This atlas presents a collection of richly illustrated teaching cases that demonstrate the clinical relevance and impact of lymphoscintigraphy in different pathologic conditions. After introductory chapters on the anatomy, physiology, and pathophysiology of lymphatic circulation, the role of lymphoscintigraphy in differential diagnosis of peripheral edema and characterization of intracavitary lymph effusions is addressed. The principal focus of the book, however, is on the use of lymphoscintigraphic mapping for radioguided sentinel node biopsy in cutaneous melanoma and cancers at a range of anatomic sites. The most commonly observed lymphoscintigraphic patterns are depicted, and anatomic variants and technical pitfalls of the procedure receive careful attention. The role of tomographic multimodality imaging is also considered. The atlas will be an excellent learning tool for residents in nuclear medicine and other specialists with an interest in the field.
Download or read book Inflammation and Cancer written by Bharat B. Aggarwal and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-05-12 with total page 489 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume examines in detail the role of chronic inflammatory processes in the development of several types of cancer. Leading experts describe the latest results of molecular and cellular research on infection, cancer-related inflammation and tumorigenesis. Further, the clinical significance of these findings in preventing cancer progression and approaches to treating the diseases are discussed. Individual chapters cover cancer of the lung, colon, breast, brain, head and neck, pancreas, prostate, bladder, kidney, liver, cervix and skin as well as gastric cancer, sarcoma, lymphoma, leukemia and multiple myeloma.
Download or read book Chemokines and Cancer written by Barrett Rollins and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1999 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the introduction of microscopy, pathologists have noted tumor infiltration by inflammatory cells and presumed that this represents the host's attempt to reject its tumor. Recent advances in the molecular biology of inflammation have revealed the signals involved in attracting inflammatory cells to tumors and, for the most part, these signals are mediated by chemokines and their receptors. Chemokines are low molecular weight proteins that attract and activate specific subsets of leukocytes to the exclusion of others.
Download or read book Tumor Vascularization written by Domenico Ribatti and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-01-07 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tumor Vascularization discusses the different types of growth of tumor blood vessels and their implications on research and healthcare. The book is divided into three parts: the first one, General Mechanisms, discusses different vessel growth mechanisms, such as sprouting angiogenesis, non-angiogenesis dependent growth, intussusceptive microvascular growth, vascular co-option and vasculogenic mimicry. The second and third parts, entitled Clinical Implications and Therapeutic Implications are dedicated to translating recent findings in this field to patient treatment and healthcare. This book is a valuable source for cancer researchers, oncologists, graduate students and members of the biomedical field who are interested in tumor progression and blood vessels.
Download or read book Angiogenesis Lymphangiogenesis and Clinical Implications written by G. Marone and published by Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers. This book was released on 2013-10-21 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels, is fundamental for physiological processes such as embryonic and postnatal development, wound repair, and reproductive functions. Angiogenesis plays a major role in tumor growth and in several autoimmune and allergic disorders. Lymphangiogenesis, the formation of new lymphatic vessels, is also important for tumor growth, the formation of metastasis, and chronic inflammatory diseases. Judah Folkman, a pioneer in the study of angiogenesis, first proposed that macrophages and mast cells could be a relevant source of angiogenic factors. Since then, much effort has gone into the elucidation of the role of immune cells in the modulation of angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis. There is now compelling evidence that several components of the innate and adaptive immune system are implicated in inflammatory and neoplastic angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis. Articles in this volume deal with the emerging, intriguing possibility that immune cells are both a source and a target of angiogenic and lymphangiogenic factors. Therefore, cells of the immune system might play a role in inflammatory and neoplastic angiogenesis/lymphangiogenesis through the expression of several angiogenic factors and their receptors and co-receptors. The important new findings in this volume will be of special interest to vascular biologists, basic and clinical immunologists, oncologists and to specialists in allergic and immune disorders.
Download or read book Tertiary Lymphoid Structures written by Marie-Caroline Dieu-Nosjean and published by Humana Press. This book was released on 2018-09-05 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume explores the various methods used to study tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) in pathological situations. Pre-clinical models are also discussed in detail to show how TLS structure, development, and maintenance can be targeted and studied in vivo. The chapters in this book cover topics such as humans and mice; strategies to quantify TLS in order to use it in stained tissue sections; classifying a gene signature form fixed and paraffin-embedded tissues; and development of murine inflammatory models to help look at TLS in the context of infection or malignancy. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and thorough, Tertiary Lymphoid Structures: Methods and Protocols is a valuable resource that increases the reader’s knowledge on immune functions and how they will pave the way to future therapeutic applications.
Download or read book Foundations of Manual Lymph Drainage written by Michael Földi and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2005-02-17 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This manual lymph drainage guide covers the anatomy, physiology, and pathophysiology of the lymphatic system, providing key background information necessary for effective treatment. Chapters are structured according to anatomic regions, focusing on the lymphatic knots and their tributary regions in the throat, armpit, trunk, and groin. Photographs illustrate the lymphatic knots and lymphatic courses, which are drawn on the human body, and provide a clear picture of the structures to be treated. Designated points are numbered to illustrate the progression of treatment in each region. Also includes coverage of complete decongestive therapy (CDT). - Explains procedures in a detailed, step-by-step format. - Features a helpful chart of lymph node groups and their tributary regions that outlines each lymph node as it pertains to a specific anatomical region. - Key information is summarized in the margins, making it easier for readers to review what they've read and focus on important topics. - Self-test questions provide an excellent means for readers to assess their comprehension and review key material in the book. These questions are also helpful in preparing for exams. - Two-color illustrations help the reader visualize and learn theoretical aspects of this therapy. - The text has been completely updated to reflect the latest techniques in lymph drainage therapy. - Coverage of individual treatment strokes and stroke sequences have been updated, with more comprehensive descriptions and detailed photos that illustrate proper hand placement, pressure, and movement. - Expanded coverage of complete decongestive therapy, including a CDT survey — consisting of the case history, examination, and palpation — that can be used to gather valuable information to formulate therapeutic goals and evaluate treatment results.
Download or read book Targeting Leukocyte Trafficking Insights and Future Directions written by Helen Michelle McGettrick and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-02-04 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Tissue resident immune cells in tumor immunity and immunotherapy written by Wu Qi and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-12-22 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Tumour Angiogenesis written by R. John Bicknell and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tumour Angiogenesis is the first comprehensive book to cover all areas of this rapidly expanding research area. Each chapter is written by world experts in the field and topics covered include in vivo models, mechanisms, inhibition, and the role of macrophages, cytokines, proteases,extracellular matrix components, nitric oxide, prostanoids and oncogenes/tumour suppressor genes in angiogenesis. Other chapters examine the role of specific growth factors in angiogenesis - these include vascular endothelial growth factor, the basic fibroblast growth factor family, transforminggrowth factor-beta, tumour necrosis factor-alpha, platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor/thymidine phosphorylase and pleiotrophin and related molecules. Clinical issues are addressed in chapters that deal with the prognostic and predictive value of tumour microvessel density and thetherapeutic significance of microregional blood flow. The two final chapters examine the feasibility of targeting tumour vasculature using either antibodies or gene therapy.
Download or read book Inflammation and the Microcirculation written by D. Neil Granger and published by Morgan & Claypool Publishers. This book was released on 2010 with total page 99 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The microcirculation is highly responsive to, and a vital participant in, the inflammatory response. All segments of the microvasculature (arterioles, capillaries, and venules) exhibit characteristic phenotypic changes during inflammation that appear to be directed toward enhancing the delivery of inflammatory cells to the injured/infected tissue, isolating the region from healthy tissue and the systemic circulation, and setting the stage for tissue repair and regeneration. The best characterized responses of the microcirculation to inflammation include impaired vasomotor function, reduced capillary perfusion, adhesion of leukocytes and platelets, activation of the coagulation cascade, and enhanced thrombosis, increased vascular permeability, and an increase in the rate of proliferation of blood and lymphatic vessels. A variety of cells that normally circulate in blood (leukocytes, platelets) or reside within the vessel wall (endothelial cells, pericytes) or in the perivascular space (mast cells, macrophages) are activated in response to inflammation. The activation products and chemical mediators released from these cells act through different well-characterized signaling pathways to induce the phenotypic changes in microvessel function that accompany inflammation. Drugs that target a specific microvascular response to inflammation, such as leukocyte-endothelial cell adhesion or angiogenesis, have shown promise in both the preclinical and clinical studies of inflammatory disease. Future research efforts in this area will likely identify new avenues for therapeutic intervention in inflammation. Table of Contents: Introduction / Historical Perspectives / Anatomical Considerations / Impaired Vasomotor Responses / Capillary Perfusion / Angiogenesis / Leukocyte-Endothelial Cell Adhesion / Platelet-Vessel Wall Interactions / Coagulation and Thrombosis / Endothelial Barrier Dysfunction / Epilogue / References
Download or read book Hepatocellular Carcinoma written by Yujin Hoshida and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-08-05 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive overview of the current limitations and unmet needs in Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. It also provides newly emerging concepts, approaches, and technologies to address challenges. Topics covered include changing landscape of HCC etiologies in association with health disparities, framework of clinical management algorithm, new and experimental modalities of HCC diagnosis and prognostication, multidisciplinary treatment options including rapidly evolving molecular targeted therapies and immune therapies, multi-omics molecular characterization, and clinically relevant experimental models. The book is intended to assist collaboration between the diverse disciplines and facilitate forward and reverse translation between basic and clinical research by providing a comprehensive overview of relevant areas, covering epidemiological trend and population-level patient management strategies, new diagnostic and prognostic tools, recent advances in the standard care and novel therapeutic approaches, and new concepts in pathogenesis and experimental approaches and tools, by experts and opinion leaders in their respective fields. By thoroughly and concisely covering whole aspects of HCC care, Hepatocellular Carcinoma serves as a valuable reference for multidisciplinary readers, and promotes the development of personalized precision care strategies that lead to substantial improvement of disease burden and patient prognosis in HCC.
Download or read book New Insights into the Complexity of Tumor Immunology in B cell Malignancies Prognostic and Predictive Biomarkers and Therapy written by Jérôme Paggetti and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-06-23 with total page 127 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book RNA Modification in Human Cancers Roles and Therapeutic Implications written by You Zhou and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-04-26 with total page 514 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book PI3K signalling written by Klaus Okkenhaug and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2015-03-05 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The PI3Ks control many key functions in immune cells. PI3Ks phosphorylate PtdIns(4,5)P2 to yield PtdIns(3,4,5)P3. Initially, PI3K inhibitors such as Wortmannin, LY294002 and Rapamycin were used to establish a central role for Pi3K pathway in immune cells. Considerable progress in understanding the role of this pathway in cells of the immune system has been made in recent years, starting with analysis of various PI3K and Pten knockout mice and subsequently mTOR and Foxo knockout mice. Together, these experiments have revealed how PI3Ks control B cell and T cell development, T helper cell differentiation, regulatory T cell development and function, B cell and T cell trafficking, immunoglobulin class switching and much, much more. The PI3Kd inhibitor idelalisib has recently been approved for the treatment of B cell lymphoma. Clinical trials of other PI3K inhibitors in autoimmune and inflammatory diseases are also in progress. This is an opportune time to consider a Research Topic considering when what we have learned about the PI3K signalling module in lymphocyte biology and how this is making an impact on clinical immunology and haematology.
