Download or read book Cropping Sequence Affects Subsequent Soybean Yield Soil Microbiome and Soil Health written by Izzet Bulbul and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Impacts of Bradyrhizobium Inoculants on Growth and Yield of Tropical Soybean Glycine Max L Merr Cultivars Soil Health and Soil Microbiome written by KorblaEdwin Akley and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microbial inoculation of grain legumes improves crop yield and soil quality. Grain legumes such as soybean as requires host specific Brayrhizobium japonicum to enhance growth, nitrogen fixation, and grain yield. However, limited information exists on how commercial Bradyrhizobium inoculants affect symbiotic plant performance and yield of soybean, and as well as soil health in Ghana's cropping systems. A field study (2-yr) was conducted at CSIR-Savanna Agricultural Research Institute's experimental field at Nyankpala, Ghana to determine the impacts of Bradyrhizobium inoculants on; (1) growth, nodulation, nitrogen fixation, grain yield of soybean, and (2) soil biological and chemical properties. We also evaluated the commercial inoculants effects on the subsequent maize and soybean crops. The experiment was laid out as a split-plot design where the main plot consisted of tropical soybean (Glycine max crosses (TGX)) varieties; Jenguma (TGX1448-2E), Afayak (TGX1834-5E), and Songda (TGX 1445-3E). The subplot consisted of three commercial Bradyrhizobium japonicum inoculants with different strains, Biofix (USDA 110), NoduMax (USDA 110) and Legumefix (USDA 532c) plus an uninoculated control. Assessment was made on nodulation pattern, shoot biomass, nitrogen fixation, grain yield, and residual N balance. Bulk and rhizosphere soils were sampled and analyzed for soil pH, available soil N (NO3-N and NH4+-N) and P, and soil microbial community structure by phospholipids fatty acid (PLFA) analysis. Inoculants improved nodulation, shoot biomass, nitrogen fixation and grain yield of soybean. Greater responses were associated with NoduMax and Biofix. Inoculation increased grain yield by ~30 %. Commercial inoculants also increased microbial biomass, and available P and NH4+-N. Afayak outperformed the other soybean varieties for biomass dry matter, nodulation (nodule number) and grain yield. Afayak also stimulated greater microbial biomass and available P compared to Jenguma. Furthermore, enhance microbial biomass was found in the rhizosphere compared to the bulk soil due to soil enrichment with root exudate and commercial inoculants. In assessing, the previous year commercial inoculants effect on the subsequent soybean and maize crops, three (3) independent mineral N fertilizer rates (0, 50 and 100 kg N ha-1) were added to the soybean-maize rotation phase. Biofix yielded superior maize shoot dry matter and grain yield. Maize grain yield from previous commercial inoculants was equivalent to grain yield from 50 kg N ha-1mineral N fertilizer ). Thus inoculating soybean with commercial inoculants reduced mineral N nutrition for the subsequent maize crop by 50%. In the soybean-soybean phase, the previous Biofix and the uninoculated control produced significant soybean grain yield than the previous NoduMax. In conclusion, TGX soybean varieties exhibited superior performance when inoculated with commercial inoculants especially Biofix and NoduMax. However yearly inoculation of soybean is needed to sustain enhanced grain yield and soil quality in Northern Ghana.
Download or read book Effect of Cover Crops Grazing and Tillage Practices on Soil Microbial Community Composition Function and Soil Health in East Central Mississippi Soybean Production System written by Namita Sinha and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Integrating crop and livestock is being considered to improve soil health by carbon sequestration. A two-year study (2019-2021) at CPBES in Newton, MS was aimed to evaluate soil microbial diversity in the warm, humid regions, specifically southeastern USA. Amplicons targeting bacterial 16S rRNA genes and fungal ITS2 regions were sequenced. Taxonomic assignment and microbial diversity characterization were performed using QIIME2®. Soil fungal diversity showed significant differences (alpha diversity, p = 0.031 in yr. 2020 and beta diversity, p = 0.037 in yr. 2021). Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) and Mantel test showed significant influence on fungal diversity due to carbon (rm = 0.2581, p = 0.022), nitrogen (rm = 0.2921, p = 0.0165) in yr. 2021, and on bacterial diversity due to EE-GRSP (rm = 0.22, p = 0.02) in yr. 2020. Long term study of ICLS can help us better understand the shift in microbiome to improve crop production sustainably.
Download or read book Corn and Soybean Cropping Sequence Affects Root Health and Development written by Esther Nickel and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Soil microbiome community and functional succession mechanism driven by different factors in agricultural ecology written by Bin Huang and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-09-29 with total page 538 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Effect of Crop Rotation on Soybean Grain Yield Mycorrhizal Colonization and Biological Nitrogen Fixation written by Donald Sanders and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sanders, Donald W. The University of Manitoba, March, 2017. The effect of preceding crop on soybean (Glycine max) grain yield, mycorrhizal colonization, and biological nitrogen fixation. Major Professor:Yvonne Lawley. Manitoba has seen a twenty-fold increase in soybean acres seeded since 2000, with over 1.6 million acres seeded in 2016. This change presents unique opportunities and challenges to improve crop rotations in Manitoba. This experiment studied the effect of four crop sequences on soybean yield, mycorrhizal colonization, and biological nitrogen fixation. In the first year of this experiment, spring wheat, canola, corn and soybeans were grown at three sites in Manitoba (Carman, Portage la Prairie, and Kelburn). In the second year, soybeans were grown on these same plots as a test crop. This two-year sequence of crops was done twice at each site, in 2012-13 and 2013-14. To determine mycorrhizal colonization, root samples were collected at the V3 stage and then analyzed microscopically for mycorrhizal infection. Nitrogen fixation was estimated using the natural abundance method using soybeans collected at the R5 and R6 stage and canola as a reference crop. Soybean following soybean had significantly higher grain yield than all other crop sequences at one site year, and significantly lower grain yield than all other crop sequences at another site year. There were no other differences in soybean test crop yield between crop sequences. Crop sequence significantly affected mycorrhizal colonization. Soybean following canola had significantly lower mycorrhizal colonization than soybean following soybean or corn. Soybean following spring wheat also had significantly lower mycorrhizal colonization than soybean following soybean or corn. Soil test phosphorus levels also significantly affected mycorrhizal colonization, with increasing soil phosphorus resulting in decreased mycorrhizal colonization. Crop sequence significantly affected biological nitrogen fixation. Soybean following soybean or corn often had significantly greater biological nitrogen fixation than soybean following spring wheat or canola. Soil test nitrate levels affected biological nitrogen fixation, with increasing soil nitrate resulting in decreased biological nitrogen fixation. Soil test nitrate levels were affected by the carbon to nitrogen ratio of the preceding crop, with a higher carbon to nitrogen ratio associated with decreased soil nitrate. These results indicate that although there is often not a yield penalty associated with specific rotations, crop sequence has a strong impact on mycorrhizal colonization and biological nitrogen fixation. The soil organisms associated with those processes affect soil phosphorus uptake and nitrogen fixation. Producers should consider the importance of crop rotation when seeking to maximize productivity through symbiotic processes with mycorrhizae and nodule forming bacteria.
Download or read book Microbiome Associated With Plant Pathogens Pathogenesis and Their Applications in Developing Sustainable Agriculture written by Baoyu Tian and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2024-05-28 with total page 223 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plant pathogens, such as fungi, bacteria, viruses, nematodes, insect pests, etc., can pose a great threat to plants in agricultural and natural ecosystems worldwide. The plant disease triangle illustrates that pathogenesis in the plant is not only the outcome of the interactions between the plant host and pathogens but also the consequence of their interactions with the microbiomes associated with plant hosts and pathogens. Both microbiomes associated with plant host and pathogen regulate plant health and pathogen infection. Microbes can play an important role in promoting plant growth, and protecting from pathogens and/or insects. A healthy plant microbiome is crucial for plant survival, production, nutrient acquisition, abiotic or biotic stress tolerance, etc. However, the microbiome does not always cooperatively interact with plant hosts to promote host health. They may also deter plant health or promote pathogenicity by the production of toxins, suppressing plant innate immunity, or building a symbiotic or mutual relationship with pathogens or insect pests to facilitate the occurrence of plant disease. In addition, the disease can result in a plant if a susceptible host plant is in intimate association with a virulent pathogen under favorable or altered abiotic or biotic environmental conditions. For example, growing evidence suggests disease occurrence in plants is often accompanied by changes in the associated microbial community structure, composition, and even function.
Download or read book Effect of Nitrogen Substitution Through Organics on Soil Health and Crop Yield in Wheat Soybean Cropping System written by MATH K. K and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Three year Soybean wheat corn Rotation Benefits on Soybean Production Soil Health and Soil Bacterial Community are Site and Year Dependent written by Daowen Huo and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 115 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Higher crop rotational diversity can improve crop productivity, soil health and soil microbial diversity. This research hypothesized that three-year (3-yr) rotation of soybean-corn-wheat would have higher soybean productivity, better soil health and more diverse soil bacterial community compared to two-year (2-yr) soybean-corn rotation. A rotation experiment was established in 2013 at two research sites in Ohio. Soybean seedling establishment and biomass, crop yield and soil were collected in 2018 and 2019. Higher seedling stand and biomass, and soybean yield were observed in the 3-yr rotation but the results were not consistent across all site-year combinations. Soil organic matter was higher in the 3-yr rotation at three out of four site-years. Similarly, higher soil carbon, nitrogen and active carbon was detected in the 3-yr rotation at one site-year. The bacterial community at NWARS and WARS also different. However, at each site, the diversity of soil bacteria, sampled at soybean seedling stage, did not differ between the 2-yr and 3-yr rotation. Seven major phyla and nine core bacterial sequence variants were found in samples from all treatments. Nevertheless, compared to the 2-yr rotation, the 3-yr rotation had a unique set of six taxa, absent in the 2-yr rotation samples, and higher abundance of Pseudomonas sequence variants and lower abundance of Ralstonia sequence variants. Most of the 3-yr rotational benefits were detected on site-year combinations where environment and weather conditions were unfavorable to soybean growth, such as poorly drained soil, high precipitation, and fewer growing degree days. Hence, under unfavorable conditions, the 3-yr rotation of soybean-corn-wheat is recommended for soybean and soil benefits.
Download or read book Phosphorus in Action written by Else K. Bünemann and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-11-08 with total page 485 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Phosphorus (P) is a finite resource which is essential for life. It is a limiting nutrient in many ecosystems but also a pollutant which can affect biodiversity in terrestrial ecosystems and change the ecology of water bodies. This book collects the latest information on biological processes in soil P cycling, which to date have remained much less understood than physico-chemical processes. The methods section presents spectroscopic techniques and the characterization of microbial P forms, as well as the use of tracers, molecular approaches and modeling of soil-plant systems. The section on processes deals with mycorrhizal symbioses, microbial P solubilization, soil macrofauna, phosphatase enzymes and rhizosphere processes. On the system level, P cycling is examined for grasslands, arctic and alpine soils, forest plantations, tropical forests, and dryland regions. Further, P management with respect to animal production and cropping, and the interactions between global change and P cycling, are treated.
Download or read book Sustainable Cropping Systems written by Jeffrey A. Coulter and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-05-21 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Global crop production must substantially increase to meet the needs of a rapidly growing population. This is constrained by the availability of nutrients, water, and land. There is also an urgent need to reduce the negative environmental impacts of crop production. Collectively, these issues represent one of the greatest challenges of the twenty-first century. Sustainable cropping systems based on ecological principles are the core of integrated approaches to solve this critical challenge. This special issue provides an international basis for revealing the underlying mechanisms of sustainable cropping systems to drive agronomic innovations. It includes review and original research articles that report novel scientific findings on improvement in cropping systems related to crop yields and their resistance to biotic and abiotic stressors, resource use efficiency, environmental impact, sustainability, and ecosystem services.
Download or read book Physical Properties of Soil and Root Distribution as Affected by Soybean Cropping Sequence written by Ali A. Fahad and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Farmer s Primer on Growing Soybean on Riceland written by R. K. Pandey and published by Int. Rice Res. Inst.. This book was released on 1987 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The soybean crop; The seed, Seedling growth; Growth stages - vegetative phase; Growth stages - flowering; Growth stages - pod development; The roots; Root nodules and nitrogen fixing; Growing soybean; Environement; Water; Chooosing the right variety; Tillage and planting; Fertilizer and lime; Growing conditions and dry matter production; Harvesting and storing soybean; Increasing yields and profits; yield components; Production factors; Yield reducers - weeds; Yield reducers - insect pests; Yield reducers - diseases; Soybean in other cropping systems; Sequence cropping; Intercropping; strip-cropping.
Download or read book Microbial Strategies for Crop Improvement written by Mohammad Saghir Khan and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-08-25 with total page 371 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With an ever-increasing human population, the demand placed upon the agriculture sector to supply more food is one of the greatest challenges for the agrarian community. In order to meet this challenge, environmentally unfriendly agroch- icals have played a key role in the green revolution and are even today commonly recommended to circumvent nutrient de?ciencies of the soils. The use of ag- chemicals is, though, a major factor for improvement of plant production; it causes a profound deteriorating effect on soil health (soil fertility) and in turn negatively affects the productivity and sustainability of crops. Concern over disturbance to the microbial diversity and consequently soil fertility (as these microbes are involved in biogeochemical processes), as well as economic constraints, have prompted fun- mental and applied research to look for new agro-biotechnologies that can ensure competitive yields by providing suf?ciently not only essential nutrients to the plants but also help to protect the health of soils by mitigating the toxic effects of certain pollutants. In this regard, the role of naturally abundant yet functionally fully unexplored microorganisms such as biofertilizers assume a special signi?cance in the context of supplementing plant nutrients, cost and environmental impact under both conventional practices and derelict environments. Therefore, current devel- ments in sustainability involve a rational exploitation of soil microbial communities and the use of inexpensive, though less bio-available, sources of plant nutrients, which may be made available to plants by microbially-mediated processes.
Download or read book Principles of Plant Microbe Interactions written by Ben Lugtenberg and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-12-04 with total page 447 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The use of microbial plant protection products is growing and their importance will strongly increase due to political and public pressure. World population is growing and the amount of food needed by 2050 will be double of what is produced now whereas the area of agricultural land is decreasing. We must increase crop yield in a sustainable way. Chemical plant growth promoters must be replaced by microbiological products. Also here, the use of microbial products is growing and their importance will strongly increase. A growing area of agricultural land is salinated. Global warming will increase this process. Plants growth is inhibited by salt or even made impossible and farmers tend to disuse the most salinated lands. Microbes have been very successfully used to alleviate salt stress of plants. Chemical pollution of land can make plant growth difficult and crops grown are often polluted and not suitable for consumption. Microbes have been used to degrade these chemical pollutants.
Download or read book Tillage and Row Spacing Effects on Yield and Soil Water Content in a Wheat soybean Double Cropping System written by Robert Noel Rupp and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Biological Indicators of Soil Health written by Clive Pankhurst and published by Cabi. This book was released on 1997 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 1. Defining and assessing soil health and sustainable productivity 2. The relationship of soil health to ecosystem health 3. Rationale for developing bioindicators of soil health 4. Bioindicators: perspectives and potential for land users, researchers and policy makers 5. Soil microbial biomass, activity and nutrient cycling as indicators of soil health 6. Soil enzyme activities as integrative indicators of soil health 7. Soil microflora as bioindicators of soil health 8. Potential use of plant root pathogens as bioindicators of soil health 9. Soil microfauna as bioindicators of soil health 10. Community structure of soil arthropods as a bioindicator of soil health 11. Can the abundance or activity of soil macrofauna be used to indicate the biological health of soils? 12. Biodiversity of soil organisms as indicators of soil health 13. Biomonitoring of soil health by plants 14. Bioindicators to detect contamination of soils with special reference to heavy metals 15. Chemical and molecular approaches for rapid assessment of the biological status of soils 16. Use of genetically modified microbial biosensors for soil ecotoxicity testing 17. Biological indicators of soil health: synthesis.
