Download or read book Crescent Hill Chert written by Jacob Strong Adams and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 149 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 2009/2010 the Montana Yellowstone Archaeological Project (MYAP) conducted survey of the Crescent Hill chert outcrop (site 48YE729) in the northern portion of Yellowstone National Park. Occurring in a variety of colors and qualities, the chert precipitated within the Eocene-era Crescent Hill basalt formation. The procurement area encompasses 2,124.8 acres, with nine surface outcrops, five of which were clearly utilized by Native Americans during prehistory. With the materials previously being uncharacterized, hand samples representative of the outcrop areas were collected and analyzed using macroscopic, petrographic, and geochemical techniques. In doing this, the provenance of artifacts found in archaeological assemblages can be traced back to their original source outcrop area. Results show that the material is highly variable in appearance and elementally scattered, making it hard to differentiate Crescent Hill from other regional cherts. However, detailed macroscopic analysis provides an avenue for artifacts to be matched to hand samples from the source area. In doing this, elucidations regarding hunter-gatherer lithic technological organization and land-use can be made. Two archaeological sites in the lowest and driest portion of Yellowstone National Park, the Yellowstone Bank Cache Site (24YE355) and the Airport Rings Site (24YE357), show a heavy reliance on Crescent Hill chert (CHC). At both sites, CHC represents the second most abundant raw material type found in archaeological assemblages, next to Obsidian Cliff obsidian. Lithic raw materials from both source areas within well-dated hearth contexts indicate a temporal change in use of the materials from the Late Archaic to the Late Prehistoric periods, likely due to changes in human use of the landscape. Additionally, utilization of the two materials shows that prehistoric hunter-gatherers may have favored an embedded approach in obtaining materials from Crescent Hill, as opposed to Obsidian Cliff, representing a highly homogeneous isotropic source using a more direct approach of procurement. An examination of variables, including quality, abundance, distribution, and mode of occurrence of lithic raw material on the landscape were used to evaluate each procurement area. As reflected in a gravity model (Wilson 2007), Obsidian Cliff is superior in geological quality and ubiquitously found across the landscape in cultural contexts, making it the more desirable of the two sources.

Download or read book Extracting Stone written by Anne S. Dowd and published by Oxbow Books. This book was released on 2024-04-04 with total page 169 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive view of quarrying activities from three key regions in North America. This exciting new addition to the the American Landscapes series provides an in-depth account of how flintknappers obtained and used stone based on archaeological, geological, landscape, and anthropological data. Featuring case studies from three key regions in North America, this book gives readers a comprehensive view of quarrying activities ranging from extracting the raw material to creating finished stone tools. Quarry landscapes were some of the first large-scale land modification efforts among early peoples in the New World. The chronological time periods covered by quarrying activities, show that most intensive use took place during parts of the Archaic and Woodland periods or between roughly 4000–1000 years ago when denser populations existed, but use began as early as the Paleoindian Period, about 13,000–9000 years ago, and ended in the Historic or Protohistoric periods, when colonists and Native Americans mined chert for gunflints and sharpening stones or abrasives. From the procurement systems approach common in the 1980s and 1990s, archaeologists can now employ a landscape approach to quarry studies in tandem with Geographic Information Systems (GIS) computer mapping and digital analysis, Light and RADAR (LiDAR) airborne laser scanning for recording topography, or high resolution satellite imagery. Authors Dowd and Trubitt show how sites functioned in a broad landscape context, which site locations or raw material types were preferred and why, what cultures were responsible for innovative or intensive quarry resource extraction, as well as how land use changed over time. Besides discussions of the way that industrialists used natural resources to change their technology by means of manufacture, trade, and exchange, examples are given of heritage sites that people can visit in the United States and Canada.

Download or read book Before Yellowstone written by Douglas H. MacDonald and published by University of Washington Press. This book was released on 2018-02-02 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since 1872, visitors have flocked to Yellowstone National Park to gaze in awe at its dramatic geysers, stunning mountains, and impressive wildlife. Yet more than a century of archaeological research shows that the wild landscape has a long history of human presence. In fact, Native American people have hunted bison and bighorn sheep, fished for cutthroat trout, and gathered bitterroot and camas bulbs here for at least 11,000 years, and twenty-six tribes claim cultural association with Yellowstone today. In Before Yellowstone, Douglas MacDonald tells the story of these early people as revealed by archaeological research into nearly 2,000 sites—many of which he helped survey and excavate. He describes and explains the significance of archaeological areas such as the easy-to-visit Obsidian Cliff, where hunters obtained volcanic rock to make tools and for trade, and Yellowstone Lake, a traditional place for gathering edible plants. MacDonald helps readers understand the archaeological methods used and the limits of archaeological knowledge. From Clovis points associated with mammoth hunting to stone circles marking the sites of tipi lodges, Before Yellowstone brings to life a fascinating story of human engagement with this stunning landscape.

Download or read book American Flintknappers written by John C. Whittaker and published by University of Texas Press. This book was released on 2004 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Whittaker's American Flintknappers will be an important resource for students of modern replication studies. This publication not only presents information on modern non-academic flintknappers, it also addresses issues of interest to anyone studying folk technologies in general."--The Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute "This is a superb book, authored by one of the only people with both the anthropological background and the connections in the world of contemporary flintknapping to write it. It really is unlike any work I'm aware of in lithics studies."--Michael Stafford, Director, Cranbrook Institute of Science Making arrowheads, blades, and other stone tools was once a survival skill and is still a craft practiced by thousands of flintknappers around the world. In the United States, knappers gather at regional "knap-ins" to socialize, exchange ideas and material, buy and sell both equipment and knapped art, and make stone tools in the company of others. In between these gatherings, the knapping community stays connected through newsletters and the Internet. In this book, avid knapper and professional anthropologist John Whittaker offers an insider's view of the knapping community. He explores why stone tools attract modern people and what making them means to those who pursue this art. He describes how new members are incorporated into the knapping community, how novices learn the techniques of knapping and find their roles within the group, how the community is structured, and how ethics, rules, and beliefs about knapping are developed and transmitted. He also explains how the practice of knapping relates to professional archaeology, the trade in modern replicas of stone tools, and the forgery of artifacts. Whittaker's book thus documents a fascinating subculture of American life and introduces the wider public to an ancient and still rewarding craft.

Download or read book The Dash Reeves Site written by Andrew C. Fortier and published by University of Illinois Press. This book was released on 2001 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This newest addition to the American Bottom Archaeology series reports on the Dash Reeves site, an extensive Middle Woodland habitation site that represents a major floodplain village and locality for the production of stone tools. The village area consists of clusters of pits and a dense refuse heap containing hundreds of diagnostic Middle Woodlands artifacts: an extensive collection of lamellar blades and blade cores, projectile points, Hill Lake ceramics, a diversity of flake, blade, and core tools, and several exotic Hopewell-like pieces, including earspool and human figurine fragments. Inhabited between 150 A.D. and 300 A.D., during the Hill Lake phase, Dash Reeves appears to have been an important locus of interaction with peoples far to the south. The production of blades at Dash Reeves, especially those made of local colorful red and blue Ste. Genevieve cherts, possibly served as the focal point of a far-reaching blade-exchange system in the Midwest. America, the American Bottom Archaeology series documents the excavation of sites affected by the construction of Interstate Highway 270 on the Mississippi River floodplain in Illinois counties across the river from St. Louis. The series is cosponsored by the Federal Highway Administration and the Illinois Department of Transportation. Volumes on individual sites are supplemented by a summary volume on the FAI-270 Project's contribution to the culture history of the Mississippi River Valley.

Download or read book Crescent Hill Revisited written by Samuel W. Thomas and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Wisconsin archeologist written by and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 790 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Ascent of Chiefs written by Timothy R. Pauketat and published by University of Alabama Press. This book was released on 1994-09-30 with total page 255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides a theoretical explanation of how prehistoric Cahokia became a stratified society Considering Cahokia in terms of class struggle, Pauketat claims that the political consolidation in this region of the Mississippi Valley happened quite suddenly, around A.D. 1000, after which the lords of Cahokia innovated strategies to preserve their power and ultimately emerged as divine chiefs. The new ideas and new data in this volume will invigorate the debate surrounding one of the most important developments in North American prehistory.

Download or read book The Crescent Hills Prehistoric Quarrying Area written by David J. Ives and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Changing Perspectives on the Archaeology of the Central Mississippi Valley written by Michael J. O'Brien and published by University of Alabama Press. This book was released on 1998-03-25 with total page 405 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fourteen experts examine the current state of Central Valley prehistoric research and provide an important touchstone for future archaeological study of the region The Mississippi Valley region has long played a critical role in the development of American archaeology and continues to be widely known for the major research of the early 1950s. To bring the archaeological record up to date, fourteen Central Valley experts address diverse topics including the distribution of artifacts across the landscape, internal configurations of large fortified settlements, human-bone chemistry, and ceramic technology. The authors demonstrate that much is to be learned from the rich and varied archaeological record of the region and that the methods and techniques used to study the record have changed dramatically over the past half century. Operating at the cutting edge of current research strategies, these archaeologists provide a fresh look at old problems in central Mississippi Valley research.

Download or read book The Sponemann Site written by Andrew C. Fortier and published by Illinois Transportation. This book was released on 1991 with total page 600 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the type site for the Sponemann phase (A.D. 750-800), a settlement created by non-American Bottom immigrants, which yielded the first significant evidence for maize, as well as a unique assemblage of chert tempered castellated vessels, keyhole structures and multiple community household clusters. This site presents the first evidence in late prehistory for the significant influx of non-residents into the area as a prelude to the emergence of Cahokia.

Download or read book Beautiful Crescent Hill Illustrated written by Crescent Hill Improvement Club and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Archaeological Investigations at the Roos Site St Clair County Illinois written by Marilyn J. Bender and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Archaic Societies written by Thomas E. Emerson and published by State University of New York Press. This book was released on 2012-02-01 with total page 895 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essential overview of American Indian societies during the Archaic period across central North America.

Download or read book The Holding Site written by Andrew C. Fortier and published by University of Illinois Press. This book was released on 1989 with total page 702 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Beautiful Crescent Hill written by Crescent Hill Improvement Club and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book A Lithic Technological Analysis of the Nunnery Collection Bifaces from the Toby Thornhill Site in Lauderdale County MS written by Justin P. Rego and published by University of Mississippi, Dept. of Anthropology. This book was released on with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Masters Thesis