Download or read book Muography written by László Oláh and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2022-01-25 with total page 688 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A technique for visualizing Earth's subsurface at high resolution Hidden out of sight in Earth’s subsurface are a range of geophysical structures, processes, and material movements. Muography is a passive and non-destructive remote sensing technique that visualizes the internal structure of solid geological structures at high resolution, similar in process to X-ray radiography of human bodies. Muography: Exploring Earth's Subsurface with Elementary Particles explores the application of this imaging technique in the geosciences and how it can complement conventional geophysical observations. Volume highlights include: Principles of muography and pioneering works in the field Different approaches for muographic image processing Observing volcanic structures and activity with muography Using muography for geophysical exploration and mining engineering Potential environmental applications of muography Latest technological developments in muography The American Geophysical Union promotes discovery in Earth and space science for the benefit of humanity. Its publications disseminate scientific knowledge and provide resources for researchers, students, and professionals.
Download or read book Cosmic Ray Muography written by Paola Scampoli and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2023-03-14 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Muography is a term recently introduced to embrace different techniques that profit from the penetration capability of the muon component of cosmic rays to investigate the interior of large and otherwise inaccessible structures. Primary cosmic rays — high energy particles originating outside the solar system — interact with the Earth atmosphere and generate muons, particles with the same electric charge as the electron, while their mass is 200 times heavier. At the Earth's surface, cosmic muons represent the most abundant component of cosmic rays, and favourably, they can feature energies sufficiently high to penetrate even thick and dense materials, giving the opportunity of unveiling the internal structure of large volumes.Muography was made possible by the development of detectors in the field of particle physics, allowing the exploitation of this natural source for imaging in a vast variety of fields, characterizing this technique as truly interdisciplinary, and leading to significant advances in several disciplines. This book tries to cover all aspects of this methodology, with the different chapters pointing to the general physics principles, to the technological and image reconstruction challenges and to the principal applications in several fields, such as archaeology and geology but also civil and industrial applications.The volume contributors had omitted unnecessary technical details, while focusing on the main features and methodologies. Hence, the book not only targets scientists working in the field but also non-specialists, who might enjoy the reading as a tutorial.
Download or read book Cosmic Rays at Earth written by P.K.F. Grieder and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2001-07-27 with total page 1117 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1912 Victor Franz Hess made the revolutionary discovery that ionizing radiation is incident upon the Earth from outer space. He showed with ground-based and balloon-borne detectors that the intensity of the radiation did not change significantly between day and night. Consequently, the sun could not be regarded as the sources of this radiation and the question of its origin remained unanswered. Today, almost one hundred years later the question of the origin of the cosmic radiation still remains a mystery.Hess' discovery has given an enormous impetus to large areas of science, in particular to physics, and has played a major role in the formation of our current understanding of universal evolution. For example, the development of new fields of research such as elementary particle physics, modern astrophysics and cosmology are direct consequences of this discovery. Over the years the field of cosmic ray research has evolved in various directions: Firstly, the field of particle physics that was initiated by the discovery of many so-called elementary particles in the cosmic radiation. There is a strong trend from the accelerator physics community to reenter the field of cosmic ray physics, now under the name of astroparticle physics. Secondly, an important branch of cosmic ray physics that has rapidly evolved in conjunction with space exploration concerns the low energy portion of the cosmic ray spectrum. Thirdly, the branch of research that is concerned with the origin, acceleration and propagation of the cosmic radiation represents a great challenge for astrophysics, astronomy and cosmology. Presently very popular fields of research have rapidly evolved, such as high-energy gamma ray and neutrino astronomy. In addition, high-energy neutrino astronomy may soon initiate as a likely spin-off neutrino tomography of the Earth and thus open a unique new branch of geophysical research of the interior of the Earth. Finally, of considerable interest are the biological and medical aspects of the cosmic radiation because of it ionizing character and the inevitable irradiation to which we are exposed. This book is a reference manual for researchers and students of cosmic ray physics and associated fields and phenomena. It is not intended to be a tutorial. However, the book contains an adequate amount of background materials that its content should be useful to a broad community of scientists and professionals. The present book contains chiefly a data collection in compact form that covers the cosmic radiation in the vicinity of the Earth, in the Earth's atmosphere, at sea level and underground. Included are predominantly experimental but also theoretical data. In addition the book contains related data, definitions and important relations. The aim of this book is to offer the reader in a single volume a readily available comprehensive set of data that will save him the need of frequent time consuming literature searches.
Download or read book Cosmic Rays and Particle Physics written by Thomas K. Gaisser and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1990 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over recent years there has been marked growth in interest in the study of techniques of cosmic ray physics by astrophysicists and particle physicists. Cosmic radiation is important for the astrophysicist because in the farther reaches of the universe. For particle physicists, it provides the opportunity to study neutrinos and very high energy particles of galactic origin. More importantly, cosmic rays constitue the background, and in some cases possibly the signal, for the more exotic unconfirmed hypothesized particles such as monopoles and sparticles. Concentrating on the highest energy cosmic rays, this book describes where they originate, acquire energy, and interact, in accreting neutron stars, supernova remnants, in large-scale shock waves. It also describes their interactions in the atmosphere and in the earth, how they are studied in surface and very large underground detectors, and what they tell us.
Download or read book Cosmic Rays and Particle Physics written by Thomas K. Gaisser and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2016-06-02 with total page 568 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fully updated for the second edition, this book introduces the growing and dynamic field of particle astrophysics. It provides an overview of high-energy nuclei, photons and neutrinos, including their origins, their propagation in the cosmos, their detection on Earth and their relation to each other. Coverage is expanded to include new content on high energy physics, the propagation of protons and nuclei in cosmic background radiation, neutrino astronomy, high-energy and ultra-high-energy cosmic rays, sources and acceleration mechanisms, and atmospheric muons and neutrinos. Readers are able to master the fundamentals of particle astrophysics within the context of the most recent developments in the field. This book will benefit graduate students and established researchers alike, equipping them with the knowledge and tools needed to design and interpret their own experiments and, ultimately, to address a number of questions concerning the nature and origins of cosmic particles that have arisen in recent research.
Download or read book Measurement of the Momentum Spectrum of Cosmic Ray Muons at a Depth of 320 Mwe written by Nadir Omar Hashim and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 101 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Introductory Muon Science written by Kanetada Nagamine and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2003-10-16 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Muons are unstable elementary particles that are found in space, which can also be produced in particle accelerators to an intensity a billion times greater than that occurring naturally. This book describes the various applications of muons across the spectrum of the sciences and engineering. Scientific research using muons relies both on their basic properties as well as the microscopic interaction between them and surrounding particles such as nuclei, electrons, atoms and molecules. Examples of research that can be carried out using muons include muon catalysis for nuclear fusion, the application of muon spin probes to study microscopic magnetic properties of advanced materials, electron labelling to help in the understanding of electron transfer in proteins, and non-destructive element analysis of the human body. Cosmic ray muons can also be used to study the inner structure of volcanoes.
Download or read book Messengers from the Cosmos written by Francesco Riggi and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-03-30 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a complete overview of the development of cosmic ray physics, with historical and educational considerations, from early evidence of the existence of extraterrestrial radiation up to the most recent applications of cosmic ray muons in different aspects of daily life. Many of the original results that contributed to the study of cosmic radiation are presented and discussed, accompanied by bibliographic references, numerous in-depth appendices, about 200 illustrations and a large chapter dedicated to the overall impact of cosmic rays. The book includes sections on, among other topics: the debate on the corpuscular or radiative nature of cosmic radiation; the development of early techniques for detecting cosmic particles; the properties and composition of primary and secondary radiation; and the interaction of cosmic muons in matter and a long list of their recent applications, ranging from the muon tomography techniques to the investigation of the stability of civil buildings. The book is addressed to a wide audience, and thus, while it is used for introductory cosmic ray physics courses at the bachelor's or master's level, high school students and teachers involved in educational projects around cosmic rays also benefit from its many historical and educational aspects.
Download or read book Cosmic Rays in the Earth s Atmosphere and Underground written by Lev Dorman and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-19 with total page 891 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present monograph as well as the next one (Dorman, M2005) is a result of more than 50 years working in cosmic ray (CR) research. After graduation in December 1950 Moscow Lomonosov State University (Nuclear and Elementary Particle Physics Division, the Team of Theoretical Physics), my supervisor Professor D. I. Blokhintsev planned for me, as a winner of a Red Diploma, to continue my education as an aspirant (a graduate student) to prepare for Ph. D. in his very secret Object in the framework of what was in those time called the Atomic Problem. To my regret the KGB withheld permission, and I, together with other Jewish students who had graduated Nuclear Divisions of Moscow and Leningrad Universities and Institutes, were faced with a real prospect of being without any work. It was our good fortune that at that time there was being brought into being the new Cosmic Ray Project (what at that time was also very secret, but not as secret as the Atomic Problem), and after some time we were directed to work on this Project. It was organized and headed by Prof. S. N. Vernov (President of All-Union Section of Cosmic Rays) and Prof. N. V. Pushkov (Director of IZMIRAN); Prof. E. L. Feinberg headed the theoretical part of the Project.
Download or read book Advanced Monte Carlo for Radiation Physics Particle Transport Simulation and Applications written by Andreas Kling and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2014-02-22 with total page 1200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on the state of the art of Monte Carlo methods in radiation physics and particle transport simulation and applications. Special attention is paid to algorithm development for modeling, and the analysis of experiments and measurements in a variety of fields.
Download or read book Black Holes Cosmic Rays written by Dhruba Jyoti Gogoi and published by BookRix. This book was released on 2018-01-10 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains three articles mainly in Physics. The first article contains introductory information about Muon, a particle which is generated in cosmic ray shower and available on the ground level. The second article is based on the Black Hole. In this article a very basic introduction to Black Holes including its types is given. The third article is a general science article in which you will get to know whether the theoretical physics is converging to an end or not. Hope you will like these articles.
Download or read book Homage to the Discovery of Cosmic Rays the Meson muon and Solar Cosmic Rays written by Jorge A. Pérez-Peraza and published by Nova Science Publishers. This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is the conjuncture that 2012 is a special year in the history of physics, that cannot go unobserved without celebration: 100 years of cosmic ray discovery, the 75th anniversary of Muon discovery and 70 years of the discovery of relativistic solar particles (Ground Level Enhancements). Several symposiums have been held in this regard, among which can be mentioned is that of the one held in Pollau, Austria in May 2012. There is need of a book that pays homage to these historical discoveries. The aim of this book is to collect some typical papers written for researchers of the international cosmic ray community that many scientists and students would like to have in their libraries. The main market for this book are universities and research institutes throughout the world, and mainly in countries where there is an old tradition in cosmic ray research: Europe, USA, México, Canada, East Europe (mainly Russia), Japan, Australia, China, etc. It should also be of interest in scientific societies, professional organisations, or other groups relevant to the several fields of particle physics: eg: The Victor F Hess Society and the European Physical Society/History of Physics Group (EPS/HoP), COSPAR, IUGG, American Geophysical Union, Unión Geofísica Mexicana, and others.
Download or read book Handbook of Particle Detection and Imaging written by Claus Grupen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-01-08 with total page 1251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The handbook centers on detection techniques in the field of particle physics, medical imaging and related subjects. It is structured into three parts. The first one is dealing with basic ideas of particle detectors, followed by applications of these devices in high energy physics and other fields. In the last part the large field of medical imaging using similar detection techniques is described. The different chapters of the book are written by world experts in their field. Clear instructions on the detection techniques and principles in terms of relevant operation parameters for scientists and graduate students are given.Detailed tables and diagrams will make this a very useful handbook for the application of these techniques in many different fields like physics, medicine, biology and other areas of natural science.
Download or read book High Energy Cosmic Rays written by Todor Stanev and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-03-10 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Offers an accessible text and reference (a cosmic-ray manual) for graduate students entering the field and high-energy astrophysicists will find this an accessible cosmic-ray manual Easy to read for the general astronomer, the first part describes the standard model of cosmic rays based on our understanding of modern particle physics. Presents the acceleration scenario in some detail in supernovae explosions as well as in the passage of cosmic rays through the Galaxy. Compares experimental data in the atmosphere as well as underground are compared with theoretical models
Download or read book The Sea Level Cosmic Ray Muon Spectrum Above 200 BeV written by Leo James LaMay and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Study of Cosmic Ray Muons written by Sami D. Deek and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Energy Spectrum and Positive Excess of Muons in Cosmic Ray Air Showers written by Stewart Bennett and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
